Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Peace Culture Magazine is an annual scientific publication, edited by the UNESCO Chair of Education and Culture of Peace, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Ecuador. Its main function is to promote research at the international, national, regional and local levels related to the Culture of Peace, Conflict, Education and Human Rights.As an editorial team, we are pleased to present Volume 2 of our magazine for the year 2018. This second edition has as its central axis the analysis of all forms of violence and mechanisms to eradicate it. It is important to highlight and thank the international and national researchers who through their research have contributed to the growth of this magazine, illustrating a variety of perspectives, theories or theses that go from the educational mediation as Culture of peace, construction of peace as a research agenda - multipurpose action to the philosophical and sociological scope of imperfect peace.The editorial team renews its commitment to maintain the high level we have achieved with the outstanding contributions of researchers who have sought to publish with us. My personal thanks to the Editorial Board and the collaborators for their work, perseverance and commitment to the quality of our Peace Culture Magazine, especially to Francisco Jiménez Bautista for his advice and scientific contribution and to Enrique Luzuriaga Muñoz for his logistical support, that without his collaboration the realization and continuity of the magazine would be impossible.We also highlight the valuable work of Francisco Vega Álvarez, whose technical knowledge allows the portal to work perfectly. Finally, I wish to thank Gabriela Moreira Aguirre and Roberto Beltrán Zambrano for their commitment to the development and execution of all the activities related to the journal and the UNESCO Chair of Culture and Education for Peace.

Introduction. The article analyzes in an argumentative and journalistic way five emblematic scenes covered in photographs that marked the direction of the public opinion on reality and social conflicts as a result of the breakdown of peace processes in Syria, Venezuela and Ecuador in 2017.Method. Take, under the figure of an individual case study, an opinion column published in the «El Universo» newspaper of Ecuador (April / 2017), written by Nelsa Cuberlo. This opinion column verifies how the use of a simple language can be a resource to generate a culture of peace, whose supreme objective is to rescue the human dignity. It is also an alternative response to the violence and the descontextualización of information lived every day by the mass media.Results and conclusions. Analyzes the persuasiveness power of the photo in general and specially in photojournalism and opinion journalism, as valid but not a massive mechanisms of sensitization, justifying the importance of the journalism in the formation of a peace culture that the world needs. A valid and necessary alternative to face the crisis of the sensationalist journalism.

The article studies central aspects and contemporary perspectives on alternative forms of conflict resolution, specially in the educational field and school in particular, considering that these spaces are of decisive importance in the preparation for peacebuilding in the framework of the exercise of democratic citizenship. The subject is approached from an interdisciplinary perspective and examined with particular reference to recent experiences in countries such as Spain and Colombia. Together with the theoretical and methodological review of the different forms of conflict resolution in the educational field and especially in the school environment, the article exposes and analyzes the results and projections of recent experiences carried out in centers active in the field of education, construction of coexistence and culture of peace. The work focuses in particular on the work carried out by the International Network of Training of Mediators «Xesús R. Jares», promoted by the Spanish Embassy in Colombia, UNESCO and a group of universities and educational entities all of whom highlight the valuable contribution in the matter of the Spanish philosopher who gives the name to this Network.

This research addresses the challenge of methodological approaches to objects of complex studies. Among these objects, we highlight the management and negotiation of socio-environmental conflicts by peaceful means, and dialogue as a condition sine qua non for its realization. The works analyzed here with a new light were developed using the Action Research Methodology (Thiollent, 1985), with Rapid Participatory Diagnostic techniques, such as the Spoken Map and the Focus Group. Based on this perspective, the research question was: What are the challenges and advances observed in the dialogue between stakeholders with differentiated knowledge towards the construction of a Culture of Peace? The results have shown three points that can be related to each other, in item 1, the trickeries that involve local populations in the context of environmental licensing processes, have similarities with the mishaps they face in other contexts, such as with other populations regarding the creation and implementation of protected areas in the territories that originally inhabited. Item 2, deals with the challenges and advances involved in the creation and maintenance of the UC Councils which implies that the realization of the planned social participation of the local communities concerned. Item 3 addresses the challenges of the communication among stakeholders which have differentiated knowledge, focusing on the logic of UC administrators and the logic of local residents. In conclusion, despite the intention and advances in the dialogue, the difficulty of establishing a dialogical relationship between stakeholders with different forms of knowledge remains a constant challenge.

The article develops ideas, aspects and central perspectives and perspectives in relation to the Model of promotion of citizenship and coexistence for a culture of peace implemented by the researchers in a context of social vulnerability of Loja. For which concepts related to the culture of peace, education for peace and global citizenship are developed. The concept of global citizenship (ECM) promoted by UNESCO implies the recovery of a sense of community through the development of civic training capabilities of project participants. This model of citizenship, from a global perspective, rejects violence as a way to solve conflicts in order to find ways to generate a harmonious coexistence by accepting responsibilities as a citizen. Understanding education for peace as a process that aims to develop a new type of culture that helps people critically analyze reality to be able to confront it and act accordingly, which is to say a democratic citizenship that allows them to be actively involved in the life of their communities.

The Right to Resistance (DR) as legal and political fiction, generates scenarios of complex reasoning, as a right or as an anti-right. In Latin America, it has become positive in some of its legal systems, however, its interpretation remains subjective and confusing, its exercise has adopted violent manifestations that have denatured its essence. The DR as a subjective aspiration embedded in legal protection, while channeled through peaceful channels, can represent personal growth and empowerment of intercultural dialogue. From this perspective, it is necessary to resort to mechanisms of peaceful resistance to promote valid democratic practices that tend to restore the fullness of the exercise of rights and the peaceful coexistence of society. At the most, conciliation must be superimposed to deal with conflict in peaceful conditions. The construction of resistance spaces must consolidate the strengthening of democratic systems and their recognition as a right, to be the axis of social justice in any state or government.

A review of:García-González, Dora Elvira (2019) La paz como ideal moral. Una reconfiguración de la filosofía de la paz para la acción común, Madrid, Dykinson.

This article intends to construct a theoretical framework for Education for Peace, critical in neutralizing new modalities of violence that are emerging in the world today. Neutral Peace is a form of eliminating cultural and symbolic violence, which can help to build a more just and sustainable world. The methodology used is hermeneutic in order to trace the history of Peace Education and its connection with Peace Research. It is concluded that, without Neutral Peace Education, we cannot develop a critical perspective and mindset to challenge violence where peace is war, ignorance is strength and liberty is slavery.

A review of:Mills, Martin & McCluskey, Gillean (Eds.) (2018) International Perspectives on Alternative Education: Policy and Practice. [Perspectivas internacionales sobre la Educación Alternativa: políticas públicas y prácticas], Londres, Institute of Education Press, University College, pp. 246.

There is the continuation of research of the stress-strain state of a new non-canonical form of thin-shell structure. The study is carried out on a 1:10 scale reinforced concrete model of the "Yasuní" shell with the use of a calculation system based on the Finite Element Analysis of structures (FEA). The mesh of finite elements for the analysis is triangular and has been based on the architectural conception that fuses harmonically in a single structure the characteristic forms of the flora and fauna of the Ecuadorian Amazon. The shell is analyzed with different compression resistance of concrete (f'c = 18.5 MPa, f'c = 22 MPa and f'c = 25.5 MPa) and the thickness varies from t=5 cm to t=10 cm in increments of 1 cm, without edge beams and under the action of self-weight as a uniformly distributed gravitational load. This paper introduces the results of the research of stress-strain state of the scale model of "Yasuní" shell and the authors will continue to study the work of this shell with the modification of various geometric parameters, loads, materials and boundary conditions with the inclusion of edge beams.