Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Expanding natural protected areas in the Peruvian Amazon compete with indigenous interests and resource extraction, in a dynamic process of endorsement and enforcement by local indigenous communities. The analysis presents a geographical case study of Peru’s emblematic Camisea gas extraction project in the Amazonian Lower Urubamba valley, Cusco. The focus is on two protected areas —Matsigenka Communal Reserve and Megantoni National Sanctuary— that were created alongside the gas project in the early 2000s, strategically supported by local indigenous communities. The study argues that the intersections of extractive and conservation agendas in Camisea have created ambiguous and novel spaces for the expression of local indigenous agendas, while neoliberal conservation territorial logics simultaneously limit them. This empirical analysis contributes to a deeper empirical understanding of Indigenous conservation priorities, political demands, and long-term strategies regarding territorial and legal categories of conservation, carefully negotiated within highly fragmented and weak formal institutional state arrangements in the Peruvian Amazon.

In the last 20 years, Bolivia has shown progress in the recognition of indigenous rights to land and forests for the development of traditionally excluded populations and as potential tools for environmental conservation. In this study, we use a variety of data collected over 15 years to delay the effect of the conflict between indigenous people and colonizers. We show that the recognition of territorial rights is not enough for indigenous populations in situations of conflict with other populations. Conflicts result in the degradation of resources, institutional weakening, and a general aggravation of their situation of vulnerability. The institutionalism of the Bolivian State acts in a biased manner and imposes great challenges for the fulfillment of indigenous rights.

Protected natural areas are traversed by conservation objectives and the dynamics of the populations inhabiting them. In El Tromen Park (Neuquén, Argentina) 30 families stay during the summer raising their animals. This article aims to reconstruct the trajectories and reproduction strategies of these peasant families and to know the environmental dynamics in the area and its problems. Identity and family trajectories are rooted within the socio-productive history of Neuquén’s northern area, and their forms of work organization are conditioned by being located in a protected space. The analysis was carried out mainly based on 15 semi-structured interviews with breeding families and key informants, and was complemented with a bibliographic review, compilation of official documents and interpretation of satellite images.

Law 13/2005 meant the recognition of gay marriage after decades of waiting and attempts to regulate these couples by different Autonomous Communities. This fact made Spain one of the pioneer countries in recognizing this type of marriage. This article addresses the evolution of the dissolution of same-sex marriages as the degree of conflict between them. To do this, quantitative methodology is used through the secondary data review technique, using both the Natural Population Movement (NPM) and the Nullity, Separation and Divorce Statistics (INE). The main conclusions, it is necessary to highlight the gradual and uninterrupted rise in the dissolution of same-sex marriages until 2014. As of this date, the data show greater variability. On the other hand, it is significant that the breakups have a high degree of consensus, the duration of the bonds has been increasing and the presence of children in divorce 

Biosphere reserves constitute a management proposal that aims to reconcile multiple types of land use on a surface area that is representative of the planet´s ecological and cultural diversity. Among their objectives are safeguarding the ecological integrity of core areas dedicated to conservation, which ultimately means taking into account the needs of those human populations inhabiting the reserve. This essay postulates that in order to legitimize conservation efforts within biosphere reserves it is necessary to activate two distinct processes: sustainability and territorialization. In other words, biosphere reserves need to be considered as sustainable territories if they are to achieve their conservation goals. In this case, environmental sustainability is accomplished through the provision of ecosystem services by means of establishing multifunctional landscapes, whereas social sustainability implies the institutionalization of social processes. Territorial appropriation of the reserve on the part of its inhabitants should furthermore be sought. Brought about jointly, environmental sustainability, social sustainability, and territorialization would enable biosphere reserves to become sustainable territories, thus underpinning their conservation potential.

This paper analyzes how loving and political trajectories of Argentinean gay men are intersected. In doing so, the goal is to critically review love self-referentiality’s hypothesis operating in contemporary societies and develop the complexity of the notion of sociability to explain political paths. The methodological approach was based in conducting in-depth interviews with 30 gay men who live in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires to reconstruct their love stories. I identify three ways in which love and politics are intertwined. The first one refers to how politics becomes a principle of seduction. The second one implies thinking politics as a hooking-up space. The third one describes the ways through which politics contribute to stabilize couples. I conclude that the description of those crossroads advances in the understanding of love, relativizing self-referentiality’s hypothesis sustained in social studies of love, and unfolding the non-politics category, included in politization studies.

Fermín Chimatani Tayori is an indigenous Harakbut leader from Puerto Luz, Madre de Dios (Perú). He was twice president of the Executor of the Amarakaeri Communal Reserve Administration Contract (ECA Amarakaeri). He is currently president of the National Association of Executors of the Communal Reserves Administration Contract (ANECAP). Recognized by the Peruvian state, Communal Reserves are direct use Protected Natural Areas. These represent an innovative initiative for the coadministration of conservation between indigenous organizations in the Peruvian Amazon and the National Service for Protected Natural Areas (SERNANP). In this interview, Fermín Chimatani Tayori shares his experiences as a key actor in conceptualizing and executing of this process.

The aspiration of state, ministerial and teacher institutions to achieve a school free of conflicts, quarrels and disruptions in Colombia is a challenge of yesteryear. In this way, behavioral regulation materializes historically through different texts (Carreño’s manual, catechisms, school regulations, to name a few), to the point of configuring the current manuals of coexistence, which seek in a procedural and instructional way to mitigate at all costs the violent demonstrations of the school. To enter into this problem, some characteristics of the coexistence manuals of Catholic schools will be presented, relating them to the debates on Colombian school coexistence. In this way, the present text seeks to distinguish the concept of civilization from that of culture, explaining the genesis of behavior and the current analysis perspectives, those that have the intention of solving the problem of coexistence from the discussion for what legislative or legal.

Drawing on Andrea Durbach’s work around post-conflict transformative gender justice, this paper asks if criminal justice for conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) can bring about transformative gender justice in Latin America. The paper offers a comparative analysis of two judicial cases of conflict-related rape: the Sepur Zarco case in Guatemala and the Manta y Vilca case in Peru. The paper argues that domestic courts can have important transformative effects on victim-survivors, their families and on criminal justice practices for CRSV, when international standards for evidentiary practice are adhered to within the specific local context of the case in question, as was the case of Sepur Zarco. If international standards of evidentiary practice are not considered, it is much less likely that such cases are transformative, in fact, the process might do harm, as in the case of Manta y Vilca. Therefore, criminal justice processes are not by default transformative, but good practice can be important to transformative gender justice by providing redress for victim-survivors and affected communities, unsettling hierarchies and building accountability.

Background: The Mexican Transition Zone represents a center of diversification and an endemism area for Sedum subgenus Sedum. The Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre Oriental and Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) biogeographic provinces contain the highest diversity of the subgenus. The SMO stands out for the endemism of Sedum, that is why additional exploration and study of the group in the area could contribute to the discovery of new species. Question: Could the critical analysis of the morphology of Sedum individuals found in recent explorations in the SMO show the existence of undescribed species? Studied species: The genus Sedum species. Study site and dates: Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico, during the years 2019-2021. Methods: Several botanical explorations and collections of Sedum were carried out in Durango and Sinaloa. The collected materials were subjected to critical analysis of their morphology to prepare descriptions and comparative tables contrasting morphologically related species. Records of Sedum were obtained, verified, and analyzed to prepare distribution maps in the SMO. Results: Sedum acaxee is proposed as a new species of section Pachysedum. The description is accompanied by photographs, a comparative morphology table, and a list and maps of Sedum in SMO. Conclusions: The high proportion of type localities (26 spp.) and endemism (23 spp.) of Sedum for the SMO highlight the high diversity of the genus in the province and shows the need to continue with botanical explorations in this mountainous complex.