Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This paper is a theoretical study based on the theories of Ricœur on metaphor (The Rule of Metaphor, 1975) with the aim of examining its application in a selection of contemporary semantic fiction of Mario Bellatin and Jorge Alberto Gudiño whilst focusing on the fields of hermeneutics and linguistics. The proposed analysis has lead us to look at a range of contemporary prose about desire in relation to the psychoanalytic language of desire as a metaphor image to which we can observe the poem’s semantics from a connotative viewpoint.

This article is based on the notion of transtextuality as an essential feature of any literary work. Two comedies are analyzed comparatively: Aulularia, by Plautus and The greedy man, by Molière. The analysis is hermeneutical and stylistic. It is observed that are similar comedies because they have the greedy man as a main character and target of their social critic. In addition, formal similarities between comedies are numerous: high dramatic tension, customs and beliefs exibition, living and stylized language, type characters, beatings, comic situations, criticism of certain occupations/professions and a predominant role of slaves. Both books also take up classic antiquity: Plautus, the Hellenic one; Molière, Greco-Roman one. Finally, both comedies subject is the same. Given these similarities and taking into account Genette's theory in Palimpsestos, it is concluded that the relationship established between comedies is indirect hypertextuality or imitation. In particular, a kind of imitation called forgerie. The reason for the existence of such relationship between comedies is primarily ancient world's arquetipicity, which suits with the fact that Molière belonged to the literary movement known as Neoclassicism.

This study describes the substitution patterns of the trill found in naturalistic speech by 34 monolingual Spanish-speaking Costa Rican children between ages 3 and 5;6. In the 843 target-words identified, a total of six different phonetic realizations of the trill were found: a trill [ρ] (2% of the time), an assibilated rhotic [ρ◊] (45% of the time), a post alveolar affricate  [ʤ] (9% of the time), a voiced labio-dental fricative [ω] (17% of the time), a voiced interdental fricative [Δ] (9% of the time), and a lateral approximant [λ] (3% of the time). Interestingly, these phonetic realizations were not used consistently, as children relied on two or more phonetic realizations, regularly within a single session and to pronounce the same word [ρ◊] surfaced most likely as a result of the children’s input,whereas [ω] and [Δ], which are not part of the children’s input, as well as the other phonetic realizations, surfaced most likely as approximations of the articulatorily very complex trill.

The article purpose to make an analyses from the cultural history of the Costa Rican traditional music, composed in the 1980s by the Cantares group. This analysis begins from a conceptualization of “Folklore" like a socio-cultural and political strategy of different social to promote national identities. Otherwise, the lyrics analysis of the musical phenomenon it’s applied to Cantares’ songs. This investigation goes deeper in taking into account the lyrics and their message from the traditional music composed by Cantares group. Two different historical processes one national and other international influence the ensemble. Cantares’lyrics are an interesting proposal to Costa Rican traditional music to be studied and understand the conservation, transformation and reworking of folklore in Costa Rica.

This paper addresses the text Trocitos de carbón of Carlos Gagini from two perspectives: on the one hand, as a text that shows the existing ethno-cultural imaginary about the "African descent" during the nineteenth century in Costa Rica and, moreover, as text that facilitates human models and initial experiences, from which the reader acquires conceptual tools to learn to interact with different cultural and contextual products in which it shall live.

In this article, the object of study is the so - called "polómetros", in order to analyze the linguistic attitudes that arouse on the phonetics and morphology of Costa Rican Spanish. These attitudes construct a discrediting and exclusionary speaker profile, which, although not a speaker of a rural area, is identified with him. It reveals, then, the ideological construction around the linguistic change of Costa Rican Spanish.

The purpose of this article is to carry out an historical overview on the functions that the kaleidoscope, an optical device invented by the Scottish David Brewster in 1817, has acquired in Spanish literature. This term, instead of being integrated into fiction, it is employed, specially by narrators and characters, as a metaphor or analogy –as a hiper-icon of human visual perception functioning as well as imagination (mental images), according to W.J.T. Mitchell. Texts from Antonio Gil de Zárate, Serafín Estébanez Calderón, Emilia Pardo Bazán, Benito Pérez Galdós, Miguel de Unamuno and Julio Llamazares are analysed and interpreted.

The following article discusses the structure of the collage in the poem La Taberna del Salvadoran Roque Dalton as a structure that enables carnival nonsense and linguistic sharp cutting and therefore a subversion of the established order on several levels: the body, the sexual, the divine. For analysis, the author uses key concepts of the theory of carnival by Mikhail Bakhtin.

Intestinal pathogens infection represents a global public health problem, and are associated with morbidity and mortality high rates, particularly in children; we determined the relative frequency of intestinal parasites and diarrheagenic bacteria in 22 children of the Basic State School "Comandante Remigio Negron", Maracaibo, Venezuela. Most of the children showed elevated parasites (72.73%) and polyparasitism (22.73%). The highest frequency corresponded to the protozoa and chromist (95.65%), finding a high frequency of Blastocystis sp. (52.17%); while Giardia intestinalis was detected only in 8.70%, in contrast to global data that indicate it is the most frequent protozoan species in children. In addition, the complex E. histolytica/E. dispar / E. moshkovskii (13.04%) was detected and also Hymenolepis nana (4.35%). Non-typhoidal Salmonella (4.54%) was also detected, the most common bacterial pathogen causing foodborne infection globally and the main stool-isolated bacteria in pediatric patients of the region. These results demonstrate the high relative frequency of intestinal parasites in the studied children, with predominance of protozoa and chromist, as well as the presence of Salmonella sp.; highlighting the need to promote the hygiene and environmental sanitation, to reduce the relative frequency of intestinal pathogens and their consequences to health and school performance.

Zika is an emerging disease in Venezuela and in the state of Zulia, it generally evolves in a benign manner and can produce complications such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly in newborns. Itis proposed to describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the Zika outbreak and the cases of microcephaly. The research is descriptive, cross-sectional, conducted from May 2016 to March 2017. The population consisted of 1,155 suspected cases, with a sample of 228 patients, resulting in 108 positive PCR in real time. The largest number of cases occurred at the age of 17 to 33 years (59.3%), with a predominance of females (81.5%), in the municipalities of Maracaibo and San Francisco (75%). In relation to the symptomatology, the frequent are rash (84.3%), headache and fever (76.9%), while arthralgia (65.7%) and myalgia (47.2%) are less common. During the outbreak, there were two deaths of the male sex, representing 1.9%; 146 cases with Guillain-Barré syndrome and 7 cases with microcephaly, corresponding to the male sex (85%), with a newborn gestational age of 37.4 weeks and 85% survival. The main recommendation should be directed to the control of the transmitting vector of the disease and to make the diagnosis of the suspicious cases for their confirmation.