Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In the framework of a global economy based on knowledge, entrepreneurial universities implement new guiding axes to become generators of knowledge that trigger technological development. In this context, the creation of the Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) in universities is a vital strategy for the scientific-governmental-business-social ecosystem to subsist with balance and grow simultaneously. In this document, the configuration, performance, and problems of these offices are analyzed, based on a general literature review of the last decade.Keywords: Technology Transfer Offices; University; Company; Innovation; Knowledge Comercialization.--------------------------------------------------------------------En el marco de una economía mundial basada en el conocimiento, las universidades emprendedoras implementan nuevos ejes rectores para convertirse en generadoras de conocimiento que detone desarrollo tecnológico. En este contexto, la creación de Oficinas de Transferencia Tecnológica (OTT) en las universidades es una estrategia vital para que el ecosistema científico-gubernamental-empresarial-social subsista con equilibrio y crezca simultáneamente. En este documento, se analiza la configuración, el desempeño y las problemáticas de estas oficinas, a partir de una revisión general de literatura de la última década.Palabras Clave: Oficinas de Transferencia Tecnológica; Universidad; Empresa; Innovación; Comercialización del Conocimiento.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the TT between university-industry from a Brazilian perspective, with special reference on the university Intellectual Property – IP and TT legal instruments. The methodology was designed on a quantitative approach aiming to provide a better understanding of the problem. Secondary data collection was performed through documentary analysis that aims to identify and quantify the variables related to patents, licensing and TT agreements. Later, data are grouped, classified and treated, which allowed inference and interpretation. The results show that the TT between university-industry is in an embryonic stage in Brazil, even if occurred a considerable increase of IP required over the last few years. In this context, it is possible to affirm that the academic research outcomes are not being absorbed in an effective way by the industries, and, as a consequence, just an insignificant percentage of the patents go to the market.

The objective of this study was to understand the role of marketing, from research to commercialization of technologies in Brazilian public universities. To that end, an online survey was conducted, involving 236 academicians associated with in Brazilian public universities. The data obtained were subjected to exploratory factor analysis and descriptive statistics. The results revealed the low utilization of proactive market analyses in Brazilian public universities, as well as the limited integration of marketing through interaction with companies. The strategic orientation prevalent in BPUs was geared to technology, at the expense of relationships with society and the market. An entrepreneurial orientation was not observed. The actions to promote or encourage the transfer of Brazilian public universities technologies to the market proved timid. Finally, there were several obstacles to the implementation of marketing in Brazilian public universities, characterizing the so called marketing myopia.

Technological parks are strategic innovation places for the stimulation of synergy among different agents. Current theoretical study identifies forms of interactions between technological parks and agents mentioned in interactive models of innovation. Foregrounded on triple, quadruple e quintuple helix models, current analysis investigates interactions of parks with companies, universities, government, civil society and the natural environment. One of the main contributions of current study is the integrating approach of interactions between parks and agents mentioned in innovation models. Overall interaction, provided in the results, favors the visualization of the parks´ management dynamics and the implementation of innovation models. Its practical contribution comprises subsidies for the construction of strategies, definition of stakeholders´ management and elaboration of good practices for technological parks.

Title: First regional innovation strategies in ChileThe article analyzes the main results of the first regional innovation policies in Chile and their importance in regional institutional performance. Information obtained in the framework of the RED project is used from three surveys answered by 933 actors and 38 semi-qualitative interviews. The treatment of this information allowed to know the hits and mistakes made in the strategies of the seven regions of Chile, both theoretical and practical, which can serve as a guide to improve future public intervention in the reformulation of these strategies in these regions and other regions with underdeveloped innovation systems.

Resumen: Este artículo presenta los resultados del estudio realizado sobre la tercera misión en la Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), así como presenta un esbozo conceptual de la tercera misión, con base en estudios de referencia en ese campo, especialmente enfatizando los enfoques que posibilitan una visión multidimensional de la relación universidad-sociedad. Se utilizaron fuentes primarias (entrevistas y cuestionarios) y secundarias (informes institucionales, anuarios estadísticos y bibliografía especializada). Se concluye que la Unicamp está involucrada en diversas actividades de la tercera misión, sin embargo, los resultados también indican que la falta de comunicación y de intercambio de informaciones, las visiones estrechas de la relación universidad-sociedad y las reducidas concepciones de la extensión universitaria y de la tercera misión están entre las realidades que limitan e impiden el establecimiento de una comprensión holística de la tercera misión.Palabras clave: tercera misión; extensión; desarrollo regional; compromiso social; transferencia de tecnología.----------------------------------------------------------Abstract: Higher education and society: an exploratory study on practices of the third mission at the University of Campinas (Unicamp)This article presents the partial results of a study that investigated the third mission at the University of Campinas (Unicamp), as well as a conceptual outline of the third mission, based on reference studies in this field, especially emphasizing the approaches that would allow a multidimensional view of the university-society relationship. We used primary sources (interviews and questionnaires) and secondary sources (institutional reports, statistical yearbooks and specialized bibliography). It is concluded that Unicamp is engaged in several activities of the third mission, however, the results also indicate that the lack of communication and exchange of information, the close visions of the university-society relationship and the narrow conceptions of university extension and the third mission are among the realities that limit and hinder the establishment of a holistic understanding of the third mission.Keywords: third mission; extension; regional development; social engagement; technology transfer.

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar el papel de la función de marketing en los procesos de transferencia tecnológica universitaria, mediante la definición de hipótesis fundamentadas en el conocimiento científico del marketing y basadas en el caso de una universidad pública colombiana. Se ha diseñado un modelo de hipótesis que refleja la calidad de la relación, analizando constructos como satisfacción, confianza, compromiso y lealtad en la relación Universidad-Empresa, mediante un análisis confirmatorio. En los resultados, se evidencian los constructos más relevantes para gestionar y establecer relaciones de largo plazo entre la universidad analizada y las Empresas, lo que permite pasar de una transferencia tecnológica transaccional a una vista desde lo relacional.Palabras Clave: Relación Universidad-Empresa, transferencia tecnológica universitaria, marketing relacional.---------------------------------------------------------------------Title: University-Industry Relationship Quality in a Public University of ColombiaThe objective of this study is to identify the role of the marketing function in university technology transfer processes, through the definition of hypotheses based on the scientific knowledge of marketing and the bases in the case of a colombian public university. It has been designed a hypothesis model that reflects the quality of the relationship, analyzing constructs such as satisfaction, trust, commitment and loyalty in the University-Industry relationship, through a confirmatory analysis. In the results, the most relevant constructs for the management and the long-term relationships between the university and the companies are evidenced, which allows to pass from a technological transaction to a relationship view.Keywords: University-Industry relationship, university technology transfer, relationship marketing

El presente estudio explora la intención emprendedora y los factores que inciden en la misma, para estudiantes universitarios de seis países latinoamericanos provenientes de empresas familiares.  Se trabaja con un modelo de regresión ordinal logística con el fin de probar las hipótesis del modelo teórico de investigación y generar una ecuación matemática que permita cuantificar y predecir la intención emprendedora de un estudiante universitario utilizando como variables explicativas: el tipo de relación con la empresa familiar, la vinculación con la innovación, la motivación para emprender, la actitud emprendedora (entendida como búsqueda de placer y poder) y el PBI de cada país. La investigación fue realizada en el marco RLIE (Red Latinoamericana de Innovación y Emprendimiento) en estudiantes que por lo menos tenían un curso de emprendedurismo en su carrera del área empresarial o ingeniería y provenían de nueve universidades diferentes de América Latina. 

This research aimed to investigate how the governance structure of innovation habitats may contribute to the development of innovation in resident companies. An exploratory study was conducted in INOVAPARQ and CELTA incubator, in Brazil. The empirical contexts were investigated by applying qualitative method with NVivo software. Critical success factors of governance were found: managerial relationships with different stakeholders; national and international training networks; and boosted resident companies monitoring by specific assessment tools. It was concluded that these factors are crucial to the innovation process of resident companies mostly by creating new products and services; sharing of inter-company knowledge; and motivating employees to work in a creative environment.

This paper presents an empirically grounded case-based analysis of quadruple helix innovation networks. On the basis of qualitative interviews with representatives of 16 heterogeneous networks, we investigate the functional network roles of 172 actors from the fields of academic research, business, government and society. In this article we focus on universities and research and technology organisations, which face the challenge of having to redefine their functional roles and unique value in the face of increased diversification of knowledge sources within current quadruple helix innovation systems. We delineate both existing and potential future roles for academic actors using a typology of functional roles, and present the challenges research establishments must meet in order to fulfil these roles successfully. Finally, we outline the implications of this analysis for the strategic positioning of research institutions, so as to ensure the future inclusion of their innovative capacity in collaborative innovation networks.