Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objective of our reflection is to understand how two biographical documentaries about Mercedes Sosa refract the struggle of the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo, detecting which were the discursive strategies carried out by each documentary maker and what effects are produced by this approximation that can be defined as having a “biographical value” (Bajtín, 1982). Methodologically, discourse analysis is used to observe the thematic construction throughout the two documentaries in light of the analytical perspectives derived from the study of texts (Bajtín, 1982). The conclusions will account for the existence of two different images of Mercedes Sosa in relation to the struggle for human rights in Argentina. These images come from the application of biographical values that differ from each other, confirming that, in one of the documentaries, the narrative construction presents Mercedes Sosa's struggle in the present, while the other story proposes a projection of the future, in a world after the dictatorship.

This article examines the potential and limitations of the neo-statism proposed by American sociologist and researcher Fred Block to explain the relationships between the State, political elites, and social classes. Since the 1970s, Block has argued that the State should be understood as an independent actor, and thus developed a theory on the ability of state managers to act autonomously in crisis contexts, while maintaining an ambiguous and shifting relationship with social classes and groups. This mechanism can help explain not only the autonomy of fascist regimes or Latin American populisms, but also accumulation regimes based on the welfare state. Block shows how, throughout the 20th century, the State has played an increasingly important role in the economy, imposing regulations and limitations on capital, to preserve social order and foster development. Based on this argument, Block dismantles the myth of market self-regulation, showing that accumulation regimes always rely on an institutional architecture where the State plays a central role. However, limitations in his analysis are also identified, particularly in his tendency to attribute to political elites a level of rationality and cohesion that does not always correspond to reality, where internal conflicts are deeper than Block acknowledges. This article aims to contribute to the theoretical debate on the State and elites by reviewing the explanatory capacity of neo-statism in different historical and social contexts.  

This article proposes to consider images and their impact on a global scale, based on the analysis of iconic photographs that have remained in the collective unconscious of western societies in the 20th and 21st centuries. Drawing on the theoretical contributions proposed by Leonor Arfuch, who aims to see the world through different eyes, and establishing a connection between violence, power, culture, and media, a brief discursive analysis is presented —based on Volóshinov’s Marxist and socio-historical perspective and his use of utterances as units of analysis— of five images that had a significant global impact and continue to be part of culture and memory in present times. Findings reveal that the analyzed images not only captured crucial moments in contemporary history but also played a fundamental role in shaping public opinion and global awareness on diverse issues such as wars, migrations, and humanitarian crises, phenomena directly relevant to international studies.

Este artículo reconstruye el concepto de crisis que Nicos Poulantzas formula en los años setenta. Se enfoca en sus análisis de las crisis políticas y del Estado para mostrar que estas suponen una idea de temporalidad plural que dialoga con la teoría althusseriana del tiempo histórico. Como hipótesis, se plantea que las reflexiones de Poulantzas sobre el tema implican una pregunta por la relación entre sociedad, política e historia que puede ser ampliada, a la luz de las condiciones actuales, desde un materialismo de los afectos. Es decir, a partir de una revaloración de la dimensión afectiva para pensar los procesos de reproducción y cambio social. En este sentido, se recuperan fuentes contemporáneas para indagar el papel de los afectos y los conflictos de temporalidades en las situaciones de crisis.

In an effort to comprehend the changes in fertility in northwestern Argentina, this study aims to analyze fertility patterns between 2015 and 2020. The rationale for this research lies in the significance of examining how fertility has evolved in recent years in the region. Through a quantitative and descriptive analysis, using data obtained from the Department of Health Statistics and Information (DEIS), Specific Fertility Rates (SFR) and Total Fertility Rates (TFR) were calculated. TFRs were categorized into those falling below 2.1 (replacement level), 1.6 (low fertility level), and 1.3 (very low fertility level) children on average per woman. The low fertility models proposed by the UN in 1963 were applied to analyze SFRs, identifying three fertility regimes: early, extended, and late. The change in SFRs for ages 15 to 19 was observed, along with its relationship with the rest of the age groups. The results reveal that, during the period 2015-2020, fertility in the regional average and in the provinces of the northwest of Argentina decreased significantly. TFRs fell below the minimum replacement threshold and, in some cases, even reached levels of low and very low fertility, ranging from 1.6 to 1.3 children on average per woman. Additionally, there was a concentration of births among women in the 25 to 29-year-old age group.

This article analyzes the origin and objectives of the celebration of International Women's Day based on the study of North American and German socialists framed in the Socialist Women's International. The work focuses on discussions about the “woman question” and the fight for universal women's suffrage within the socialist parties of Germany and the United States, in particular about the relationship that socialists had to maintain with bourgeois feminist movements. Through qualitative documentary analysis, we will try to demonstrate that International Women's Day was an initiative of the Socialist Women's International, with great prominence of the German and American sections, as part of the fight for universal women's suffrage and to obtain better working and living conditions for workers. The commemoration of this date was articulated as an instance of agitation and propaganda of long-term political work that socialist women had been developing among working women since the end of the 19th century within the framework of the Second International.

Recent research shows that Pasto has neither led the decrease in the birth rate nor mortality; rather, the rest of the municipalities of Nariño did. These are characterized by the fact that most of their population resides in the rural area. The objective of this article is to analyze the contribution of recent intradepartmental immigration to fertility and mortality rates in Pasto, according to information from the 2005 and 2018 censuses. To achieve this purpose, the births and deaths of intradepartmental immigrants who five years prior to each census resided in a municipality of Nariño other than Pasto, as well as those who declared themselves as non-migrants, were extracted from the REDATAM system of the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE). The percentage contribution was measured through demographic rates. To achieve a greater degree of detail, information was also systematized to know the percentage of the contribution of immigration at the municipal level. An unequal contribution of immigration to the birth and mortality rate of Pasto was identified in this intercensal period. This contribution was significant in mortality, since in the context of its increase, a little more than half of its general rate was accounted for by outsiders from the department. On the other hand, in immigrant fertility, an increase in the proportion of births was found, despite the decreasing trend that described this demographic component in this city. Such specific discoveries at the territorial level, it seems, have no precedent.         

To study the role of local authorities in the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda, this article analysed the Global Taskforce of Local and Regional Governments declarations and reports regarding the localization of the global goals to the High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development. The study was qualitative and consisted of an extensive bibliographical review and documentary analysis. By establishing a nexus between subnational government and sustainable development, I addressed the role of local authorities as one of the Major Groups of the multi stakeholder dialogues sponsored by the United Nations. Then, I identified and analysed issues and arguments, strategies and local contributions that the Global Taskforce had stated at the Forum’s sessions from 2020 to 2023. The findings show that the Global Taskforce had an active presence and constantly advocated for a revamped multilateralism acknowledging local authorities’ voices at the global level and fully engaging them in decision making processes. By having access to the Forum and using its abilities to empower its members and advocate for their interests, it established a local/territorial-global movement for the localization of Sustainable Development Goals, institutionalized the presence of local and regional governments, and strengthened the idea of local authorities as key agents of the global goals. This article outlines the importance of subnational governments’ agency and city networks’ performance in policy instruments and policy frameworks in the field of sustainable development.    

The article presents the initial results of research on how young Conicet (National Scientific and Technical Research Council - Argentina) researchers use and experience time in their daily practices. The starting assumption is that the insertion of competitive evaluation and accreditation logics has the effect of increasing the levels of productivity necessary to reach and sustain their jobs, which in temporal terms translates into a rationalization of the time/results equation and in different forms of time pressure, in an objective and subjective sense. Since the phenomenon has not been previously studied in Argentina, this research is exploratory in nature and has been limited to young people who are in the early stages of their career, assuming they are potentially most exposed to this dynamic. The main result is that these young people have to face and resolve four major time-related tensions: the clash between work and other aspects of life; the tension between the long-term demands of the degree and those of the daily or short-term agenda; the strain that arises from the requirements of different aspects of the job; the burden caused by the opposition between the interest in doing well and the need to do something quickly. After presenting its theoretical and methodological approach, the article exposes the different ways in which these tensions are experienced and managed.