Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The teaching-learning process in heterogeneous groups from the Metropolitan University of Ecuador The structure of the teaching-learning process in the Fundamentals of Marketing subject includes students from different careers, a complex situation for the teacher, since its heteronomous nature implies they learn and develop skills with a different mindset, creating a gap in the learning achieved by the students. This group composition fits that of other reference studies where heterogeneous students are defined as multiracial and of different ages. Therefore, the objective of this article is to propose a learning organization model for the Fundamentals of Marketing subject. A “learning group model” is proposed utilizing the systemic structural method and modeling, based on cooperative learning didactic strategies and experiences. The contents and the initial diagnosis in the model are taken into account to organize students with different careers into subgroups, with the teacher guiding the process by assigning tasks to reach an integrating product. As a result, the students develop 39 the topics as a whole, carry out tasks with a multi-career focus, and transmit knowledge and their own experiences leading up to the presentation of the integrating product. In conclusion, the “learning group model” derives in organizational actions, which fosters better learning results and skill development in the students. The ideas of Hernández (2013), Madariaga (2015) and García (2016) regarding cooperative and collaborative learning, and use of coherent teaching activity planning are corroborated.

This article presents the results of a study on the level of beliefs that mathematics teachers manifest regarding reforms in mathematics education in Costa Rica started in 2013, based on the premise that the teachers’ actions respond to these levels of beliefs more than to official guidelines or theoretical approaches. For this purpose, an instrument called Measurement of teachers’ beliefs regarding the new mathematics study programs in secondary school designed, utilized and validated by Monge and Reyes (2017). A sample of 361 public day school teachers of the Ministry of Public Education of Costa Rica was used in 2017. In addition, possible differences according to sex, professional category, and years of seniority were researched. The results indicate that 57% of teachers have high belief levels about the reform, and that no differences in belief level are detected according to gender, professional category, or seniority. In addition, the study found that 65.9% of the cases consider that problem-solving is the most appropriate methodology to address the topics in the mathematics programs, and 70.4% consider that what is proposed in the new mathematics programs is not feasible to be implemented in the classrooms of the Costa Rican education system.

Citizens are a symptom of their political system, its surface expression, according to what underlies the space of power. In Pasado perfecto corruption and sickness signs are disseminated, which will be studied using the word as a resource. The plot starts with an inquiry into the disappearance of Morin (an important Cuban businessman); his wife, Tamara Valdemira, who reports it, is stomatologist specializing in medical signs that occur in the mouth. Which sicknesses could emerge from a mouth analysis? Utterances and what is left unspoken will be references for obtaining answers about the corruption that invades the social system and the pathological condition the subjects from this system suffer. This disappearance broaches a historical precedent in politics: the schism in the Cuban community after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the disappearance of the father (the Soviet Union), leading to the emergence of new orders of power relations. The analysis will stem from psychoanalytic and semiotic theories, in order to extract the latent from the act of crime, where it will be demonstrated that the social system, due to the order and its power groups, is damaged and corrupts any subject attached to its structure. A brief version of this work was presented in the Research Workshop of the Research Center on Cultural Diversity andRegional Studies.

The refugee-immigrant subject in Digital Campaigns: the Refugee Language in Communication Research in Brazil This study is a critical discursive analysis about the panorama of research in Social Communication in Brazil. This approach poses a challenge, since the field of study is broad and not restricted to its qualifications and skills. It renews itself on a daily basis, depending on the information society (technology) and the market(consumption) in which we find ourselves. As an object, it analyzes campaigns that deal with the historical figure of the refugee considered a foreigner and an immigrant by Brazilians, according to processes of identification, counter-identification and deactivation in the verbal and non-verbal language in videos and posts on websites and in social media.

PARADOX IN GRACIÁN: "MONSTER OF TRUTH" Few works study the use of paradox in Gracián. This is surprising, given that the Baroque had a tendency toward antithesis and contraposition, and paradox, therefore, becomes the most logical linguistic articulation of this way of seeking the inherent oppositions in the world. This scarcity of studies should also surprise us, as this tendency manifests itself frequently in the works of Gracián himself. I propose to study how Gracián develops the concept of paradox in his style manual Agudeza y arte del ingenio, and study the way he puts into practice his own theories regarding the circumstances in which this concept can be used. I analyze his ideas about paradox and apply these to Oráculo Manual, tracing his use of this technique in the second text and studying some examples of paradox to determine if the author follows his own advice regarding the appropriate use of paradox.  

The purpose of this speech is to make a simplified review of the changed tendencies that human beings experience, focusing most of all to the corresponding transformation to the growing digital culture. I will emphasize in the direct repercussions from different society sectors. In occasion I will take filmic texts as reference that will illustrate what is exposed. In the multimode of communication field, there is a starting point for the hypothesis, the uniformization to which societies lean on , which is an active globalization effect at all levels, which will favor the standardization of non-verbal behavior. A space has been given to the current migratory processes reflection, to check at what level the de-culturalization processes will benefit a possible integration at a gesture sector. We will attend solitude and the opposite, gregarism; solitude among the crows, attention will be given to the relative globalization that indeed is given in certain aspects, it does not apply to others. The most important idea is still the repercussion of this: today we know how they live, how they act or how they externally manifest with others.

Even though every Costa Rican citizen believes that he or she has an exact idea of what Mr. Juanito Mora, liberator and national hero, looked like, a careful review of all the images depicting him—paintings, busts and statues—reveals that there have been distortions over time, thus altering some of his physiognomic aspects. This paper summarizes an analysis of these images and concludes that, in fact, the painting that served as a model for all of them was based on a photograph of unknown origin. This picture belongs to the personal archives of naval captain John M. Dow, stored in the University of Cornell library, in New York. Recently, it was found that this photograph was taken in Florence Charles Herbruger’s studio in Panama, in January 1860, a few months after Mora was overthrown as president of Costa Rica.

Review about the Centros de Formación Humanística´s program, of Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Múltiples soluciones de reemplazo se utilizan en el tratamiento del shock hipovolémico, sepsis severa, shock séptico y medicina perioperatoria, la selección de cual usar ha estado gobernada por variables como disponibilidad, costo y tradición. En los últimos años una nueva consideración ha marcado el interés de la comunidad médica, los efectos sistémicos de los diferentes preparados y la repercusión de estos en la recuperación final. OBJETIVOS: Realizar una puesta al día sobre la fluidoterapia con coloides en el shock hipovolémico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se consultó amplia y actualizada bibliografía nacional e internacional mediante la red nacional de información médica y sus importantes enlaces. DESARROLLO: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema, en el cual se abordó la problemática de la fluidoterapia con coloides en el shock hipovolémico, sus consideraciones y particularidades. CONCLUSIONES: Desafortunadamente cuando se revisa este tema se encuentran limitaciones relacionadas con el tamaño de la muestra o el diseño utilizado en los diferentes estudios lo que limita el arribo a conclusiones definitivas y por ende la propuesta de guías terapéuticas