Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

While you are recording datasets it is possible to notice values which are substantially larger or smaller than usual. Such registers, named outliers hereinafter, might be correct, or might arise after a data recording error or a processing error. Research on outlier detection might provide useful information about the dataset, while being helpful in the database cleansing operation. In this paper we describe different methodologies recently proposed for outlier detection, intended for spatial and spatio-temporal dataset, as well as case results. Among them, we distinguish between those purely spatial, purely temporal, and mixed ones that have proven its value in controlled experiments. Among others we will discuss: 1) use an algorithm that considers temporal data while combines the advantages of clustering and approximations based upon kernel densities 2) compare the measured value with its expected value calculated in a incremental fashion considering temporal correlation, thus showing a spatial correlation in the recent past 3) propose a new algorithm for outlier detection for large spatio-temporal databases using spatial and aspatial information as well as temporal information 4) detect oultiers in temporal databases using association rules extracted from the normal behaviour and linking temporal evolution of the atributes 5) detect the outliers based upon the global properties of the dataset unlike most of the prevailing methods which have a local span and 6) assign, for the specific case of spatial outliers, different weights for different neighbors in order the estimate the central value, and estimating the weights as functions of the distance. After analyzing the different methods described, the importance of selecting one method or another will be shown. It is necessary to prosecute the research on the reliability and speed of the outlier detection algorithms.

The progressive geography of climate change impacts places the African continent among the most vulnerable regions of the world. In line with the prediction of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its first report (1990), the involuntary migration of population is already proving to be one of the most serious of such impacts across the region. The overwhelming majority of victims remain within their own countries. Therefore, coupled with conflict, violence and development projects, slow-onset and rapid-onset disasters have currently made Africa home to the largest number of internally displaced people. Determined to tackle this plight, on 23rd October 2009 the African Union adopted its Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention), articulating the need for a holistic response based on a combined framework of international human rights law and international humanitarian law. Five years since the convention entered into force (on 6th December 2012), this paper aims to taking stock of the progress made in its implementation and, in particular, assessing its effectiveness in protecting people environmentally displaced in the context of climate change. To this end, it identifies the existing and ongoing normative, policy and institutional processes on domestication and implementation of the convention and explores the degree to which these processes provide for the protection due to people displaced by environmental disasters, specially those slow-onset (e.g. desertification). The paper finds that, despite the remarkable efforts towards the implementation of the said convention, the concrete impact of its provisions on enhancing the protection of and assistance to environmental IDPs is still unperceivable. Much work remains to be done to translate this innovative instrument into practice, particularly to secure concrete improvements in the protection of IDPs by disasters in context of climate change. 

En un context en què la pressió econòmica i els efectes del canvi climàtic sobre la costa són cada vegada més evidents, i davant la incapacitat de la legislació estatal de donar-hi resposta, aquest article estudia les potencialitats del marc competencial de la Generalitat de Catalunya i la Junta de Andalucía per desplegar instruments propis d’ordenació de la costa que regulin conjuntament el domini públic maritimoterrestre i els seus espais confrontants. Ho fa a partir de l’estudi de les competències que els foren traspassades, de l’estudi de la jurisprudència constitucional, i singularment del Projecte de llei d’ordenació del litoral que ha aprovat la Generalitat de Catalunya. Una norma pionera a l’Estat que pot posar les bases d’un nou model de governança del litoral.

Derecho y políticas ambientales en el País Vasco (Segundo semestre 2017)

Jurisprudencia penal ambiental (Segundo semestre 2017)

Jurisprudencia ambiental en el País Vasco (Segundo semestre 2017)

Derecho y políticas ambientales en Aragón (Primer semestre 2017)

In this article the steps of the evolution of Environmental Law in Argentina are analyzed, from the first step including static regulation of natural resource, towards the recognition of the right to a healthy environment in the Constitution, as a consequence of the development of Environmental Law at the international level. The power conferred upon the National Congress to enact the laws of basic environmental requirements is also studied, as well as the reference to these laws in the new Unified Civil and Commercial Code. Finally, environmental principles are considered, specifically the application of the precautionary principle in the Forests Law and Glaciers Law.

Entre la urgència a Fiji i la complexitat a Bonn: El lent camí per la posada en marxa de l'acord de París

Jurisprudencia constitucional en materia de protección del Medio Ambiente (Segundo semestre 2017)