Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objective: To systematize the pedagogical experiences of four Peruvian teachers of Inclusive Education in Peru, COVID-19 context.Methods: Hermeneutical phenomenology proposal with a qualitative approach, which used the in-depth interview to gather information concerning the categories: Teacher; School; Students and parents; Pandemic situation; and Stress, coping and perspectives. The study intervention was planned in three stages: 1. Descriptive: it allowed planning, preparing technical documents, sensitizing participants, and recommending ethical intervention protocols. 2. Structural: it allowed workshops among researchers to practice intervention procedures, review contingency plans and specify the essential research skills and attributes to achieve the study's objective. Also, the preliminary results were shared with the participants before legitimizing the results. 3. Discussion: the results were contrasted with previous studies to elucidate the coherence and/or fundamental contradictions.Results: Among the main findings, stand out the lack of planned teacher training, the economic limitations of teachers and parents, overwork and its effect on the mental health of teachers, possible violations of the legal framework established for care inclusive children in Peru, as well as problems of adaptation to the new educational scenario.Conclusions: economic limitations and connectivity problems limit the teacher's performance and the normal learning of inclusive children. The work of the inclusive teacher overflows their working hours, causing emotional effects that impact their performance and quality of life. It is imperative to comply with the legal framework that allows the enrollment and enrollment of inclusive students in Peru.

Introduction: University medical students are a population exposed to a high academic load, high level of exigency, high demand of time and there are factors that can affect the effectiveness of academic performance, such as stress and procrastination.Objective: Evaluate the association between stress and procrastination in a pilot sample of medical students at a university in Lima, Peru.Material and methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted, where medical students from the Research Methodology course were recruited at a university in the Peruvian capital. In them, stress and procrastination were measured, both with previously validated tests, then these variables were related and adjusted according to their sex and age. For analytical statistics, generalized linear models were used and p-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: When performing the multivariate analysis, it was found that there was a relationship between procrastination and male gender (p = 0.001), age (p = 0.035) and stress (p = 0.022) of the respondents.Conclusions: Procrastination maintains in the sample studied an important association with the stress that students have, as well as with their gender and age.

Introduction: Several studies have shown that prehensile strength is associated with lower cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in different populations. Objective: To describe the effects of prehensile strength training and its association on vascular function of subjects with diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome through a topic review. Method: A bibliographic search was carried out in Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Sciencedirect, of controlled clinical trials, observational studies, cross-sectional studies or systematic reviews, published in English, Portuguese and Spanish, which evaluated parameters of arterial stiffness and included as evaluation or treatment prehensile strength in subjects who presented at least one diagnostic criterion of metabolic syndrome. Results: Of the 69 articles found, three met the inclusion criteria. All the documents analyzed included hypertensive population; one of them showed an indirect association between the maximum voluntary isometric contraction, the arterial stiffness index and the rate of increase to 75%. Another showed a decrease in blood pressure without changes in vascular function after prehensile isometric strength training.Conclusion: Evidence describing the effects of isometric training and the association of prehensile strength on vascular function is scarce. The literature analyzed shows a relationship between the condition of prehensile strength and parameters of peripheral arterial stiffness in subjects with hypertension. This training does not seem to improve vascular condition in hypertensive subjects. 

Introduction: The advance of new technologies has contributed to raising the interaction options of people with products from the use of user interfaces. The use of devices with user interfaces, designed as supports aimed at neurological rehabilitation, can enhance and diversify this process in intra-hospital and extrahospital contexts.Objective: Identify the criteria that determine the acceptability of these devices in the motor rehabilitation of patients with neurological diseases.Methods: The sample consisted of 31 patients from the Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery who needed motor rehabilitation and a control group (N = 62) with healthy individuals. A questionnaire with 32 items was created and it explored the acceptability criteria of user interfaces. The final version of the questionnaire was obtained from the evaluation according to expert criteria and the calculation of internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha. To the values obtained during the application of the questionnaire, there was performed a factor analysis using the normalized varimax as the rotation method. The criterion for factor extraction was the Scree eigenvalue method.Results: The acceptability of the use of devices with user interfaces is conditioned by three fundamental categories: security, expectations and ease of assimilation.Conclusions: The acceptability of these devices depends on guaranteeing safety in their use, meeting the expectations of an autonomous rehabilitation and making evident and viable their ease of assimilation. Having these criteria, results in obtaining ergonomic requirements for the design of these devices.

Introduction: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a multifactorial process.Objective: To estimate the predictive factors of the second window of myocardial ischemic pre-conditioning in oncological patients proposed for major surgical interventions.Methods: A quasi-experimental study for a single group of surgical oncological patients from María Curie Provincial Oncology Teaching Hospital in Camagüey province in the period from January to December 2019.Results: Predictive factors such as essential arterial hypertension odds ratio in 16 632 patients, diabetes mellitus in 12 157, age of 60 years and over with odds ratio in 8 035, heart failure odds ratio in 6 433, cerebrovascular disease odds ratio in 6 135, chronic kidney disease odds ratio in 5 800 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with odds ratio  in 5 738 were estimated.Conclusions: Remote ischemic pre-conditioning did not influence the modulation of surgical stress.

Introduction: Health-related Quality of Life is a frequent topic in contemporary health research, given the high frequency with which chronic diseases appear as a consequence of demographic aging.Objective: To characterize the quality of life related to health from the nomothetic perspective and its relationship with epidemiological variables.Method: A descriptive-cross-sectional study was carried out in 208 adults with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, hypertension or both, attended at the Daniel Álvarez Health Center, in Loja, who fulfilled several criteria. Means and standard deviations, percentages, and significance tests such as ANOVA, comparison of means in independent samples and Analysis of Contingency Tables, through the Likelihood Ratio, were calculated with a significance level of 5%.Conclusions: The quality of life related to global health, from a nomothetic perspective, in the adults under study, showed an acceptable level, which decreases as age increases, and not associated with other variables studied. The social relations dimension obtained the worst result, while the physical one was the best. However, all are reported as acceptable, based on the score obtained.

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is positioned as a complement to health sciences education due to its versatility and specific applications in various areas. Objective: Describe the perception of Occupational Therapy students about an experience of design and manufacture of orthoses/prostheses.Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The population corresponded to students of Occupational Therapy career, studying fifth semester. The sample was of an intentional type. An academic experience was implemented. The perception that the students had about the experience was evaluated through a structured survey in a Likert format, the answers were analyzed according to the frequency of responses for each item. Ethical aspects were safeguarded through informed consents.Results: Eight students participated, who "Strongly agree" or "Agree" with most of the statements, highlighting the contribution of the intervention for teaching purposes.Conclusion: 3D printing applied to the field of design and manufacture of orthoses/prostheses was a well-evaluated experience. It is possible to be implemented for the acquisition of the necessary skills for orthoses/prostheses manufacture . It is concluded that the use of 3D printing in education, as well as in clinical applications has concrete options for implementation.

Introduction: The efficacy of antibiotics in respiratory diseases is debated, because it fails to reach the infected lung area. Pulmonary surfactant is considered a drug transporter due to its biophysical properties.Objective: To evaluate the effect of Surfacen on the activity of cefotaxime and amikacin against strains associated with in vitro respiratory diseases.Methods: The antibacterial activity of cefotaxime and amikacin alone or combined with Surfacen® was evaluated in vitro using the lethality curve over time of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomona aeruginosa, by the method of quantitative suspension by dilution and counting. Standard definitions of synergy, antagonism or indifference were used to assess the effect of Surfacen® on antibiotic activity. Results: Surfacen does® not affect the antibacterial activity of cefotaxime or increases it by obtaining a synergism at the concentration of 16 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and at concentrations of 8 and 16 μg/mL for Pseudomona aeruginosa. In the case of amikacin, although it showed indifference, antagonism was also observed, which is characteristic of aminoglycosides in the presence of pulmonary surfactant. Conclusions: The effect of Surfacen on antibiotic activity was investigated. When cefotaxime is combined with Surfacen its activity is not affected, however, the activity of amikacin was affected, showing a dual behavior dependent on concentration. This study will contribute in the future to the use of Surfacen as a vehicle for the supply of antibiotics to the lung.

Introduction: The quality of life in people with a specific disease is a measure made up of physical, mental and social well-being, as perceived by each patient and group on various components of health.Objectives: To determine the related quality of life with health in people with diabetes mellitus when applying the Diabetes 39 instrument in a population of the Cuban capital. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, carried out in the office of the doctor and nurse of family # 16, of the Dr. Ángel Aballí teaching polyclinic, from the municipality of Old Havana, between September 2018 and May 2019 Previously, a panel of experts made a cultural adaptation of the Mexican version of questionnaire D39 to the Cuban context. The sample consisted of 138 people with diabetes mellitus. For the analysis of the data the appropriate statistical techniques were used according to the proposed objectives.Results: the average age was 60.48 ± 13.1 years. The female sex was the most represented (99; 71.74%). The median total score was 58.6 points. It was taken as a cut-off point (in points) to define better (<59) and worse (≥59) quality of life. Cronbach's alpha was high ≥0.7 for the 5 sections and the final score. There were no significant differences (p≥0.05) between the medians of the section scores with the final score of the questionnaire according to sex.Conclusions: There was a higher frequency of people with diabetes mellitus with an no adequate quality of life related to health.

Introduction: Camphenol Plus is a medicine commonly used as an intracanal medication in endodontics. There are few scientific reports on its effects on arterial vascular smooth muscles and the regulation of local blood flow. Objective: To determine the effect of Camphenol Plus on the spontaneous contractile dynamics of the vascular smooth muscle of the external carotid artery related to time and concentration.Method: A preclinical experimental investigation was carried out, using 30 rings of external carotid arteries obtained from Wistar rats. The rings were placed in an organ bath, recording the tension developed by the vascular smooth muscle after the addition of Camphenol Plus, in different concentrations and during different time intervals.Results: Camphenol Plus after preactivation of arterial vascular smooth muscle induced vasorelaxation, which increased throughout the study time and according to the increase in drug concentrations. There were significant differences between the average voltage values recorded in the different time intervals with those of the initial base voltage.Conclusions: Camphenol Plus, induced in vitro relaxation of the arterial smooth vasculature, through a contraction excitation coupling of the pharmacomechanical type, which was increased depending on the time and concentration of the drug.