Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El dolor es una causa importante de sufrimiento físico y emocional. El tratamiento médico de los pacientes con dolor crónico refractario es un gran reto. Se trata de una paciente de 19 años con un cuadro radicular compresivo secundario a Hernia discal L5-S1 derecha, que se le aplicó una discectomía L5-S1 por técnica de Caspar. Al mes de evolución regresa con igual sintomatología. A pesar de múltiples terapias farmacológicas y procederes intervencionistas, el dolor neuropático no mejora, después de múltiples estudios y discusiones en colectivo se determina la posibilidad de la colocación de un neuroestimulador medular, proceder que se lleva a cabo con mejoría considerable de su cuadro doloroso.

Problem-based learning is one of the teaching approaches that in recent decades has made it possible to advance in the improvement of educational processes, by promoting a greater role for students, interaction with the environment through knowledge and solutions to specific situations. In the work, an analysis was carried out to define the most probable scenario on the application of this method at the high school level in Ecuador. For this, theoretical analysis methods were applied based on updated bibliography and the consultation of seven experts in secondary education in Ecuador for the development of a prospective qualitative analysis method, which allowed defining the most probable scenario. The study carried out demonstrated the importance of applying the method in high school, considering the particular characteristics of teenagers, their level of intellectual and psychological development; as well as the social relationships established with their peers, teachers, family and the environment in general; however, with the application of the scenario analysis based on the criteria of the participating specialists and processing with the SMIC-ProbExpert software, it was determined as well as identified that it is most likely that none of the future hypotheses for its implementation will be met. in the country generally. For this purpose, the importance of teacher preparation and institutional support was ratified.

The transformation process that the educational system in Mozambique is undergoing is aimed at complying with the sustainable development goals declared at a universal level. The human and social progress achieved highlights the challenge that educational attention to diversity implies in the context of the inclusive school. The actions developed led to the analysis of the foundations that support the objective of proposing a pedagogical conception for intersectoral work in educational attention to school diversity in Mozambique. The research methods used followed a descriptive-explanatory approach, supported by theoretical level methods, including historical-logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, structural-functional systemic and modeling; in addition to methods of the empirical level, such as documentary analysis, observation, interview, evaluation by expert criteria and the methodological triangulation technique, as well as the procedures of descriptive statistics based on the calculation of the index and inferential statistics for performing hypothesis tests; those that allowed to analyze, interpret and process the information related to the object of investigation, highlighting the role of intersectorality in the educational field as a social need. The pedagogical conception, with an intersectoral approach, reveals the participation of various government agencies and institutions in achieving quality educational care. The results obtained confirmed the need to treat aspects related to intersectorality.

Assessment is an invaluable source of necessary and reliable information to determine those elements of the teaching practice that may affect the teaching learning process, so as adjust it, in a way that favors the learning self-regulation of the medical professionals about a language they need to compliment their professional training from the academic and scientific view points. So, the objective of this article is to characterize the process of evaluation of the professional training in English, so as to verify the limitation present and thus direct the researching process towards its solution. A study supported by the dialectical materialist method was conducted. Theoretical methods such as: (logical historical analysis, inductive-deductive; modelling and others, and empirical methods, such as (documental analysis, observation, and surveys) were used to determine the essence of the object and organize the research results. Theoretical elements of the professional training assessment process were systematized for its conceptualization and determination of its four dimensions from which indicators the empiric instruments were elaborated and which results allowed to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the object of study; difficulties in the process of assessment of the professional training in English that limit the adjustment and quality of the English professional training process and the idiomatic training of the medical professionals were evident.

Las malformaciones arteriovenosas extracraneales son raras lesiones vasculares que consisten en comunicaciones fistulosas anormales, asociadas a venas de drenajes dilatadas, que crecen a través del tiempo, con tendencia a hemorragias masivas y lesiones de la piel. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 19 años de edad con diagnóstico de malformación arteriovenosa extracraneal consistente en un aneurisma cirsoideo de gran tamaño y alto flujo que afectaba cuero cabelludo, cara y cuello. El mismo fue seguido por el servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital “Carlos Manuel de Céspedes” de Bayamo desde el año 2015, evidenciándose crecimiento progresivo de la misma y aumento de tamaño,  ocasionando ulceración de la piel suprayacente y hemorragias de gran magnitud  por lo que en un primer momento y como medida emergente para salvar la vida se le realizó ligadura de la arteria carótida común izquierda, luego de esto se comprobó disminución de las dimensiones y el flujo intranidal, no obstante persistieron las hemorragias, programándose entonces la excéresis total macroscópica de la lesión, proceder que fue exitoso. Seguidamente, fue sometido a tratamiento reconstructivo por parte de Caumatología con injerto autólogo de piel del muslo sin complicaciones. Actualmente a dos años de estos tratamientos no se evidencian recurrencias. 

Introducción: los programas de Atención Temprana son favorecedores del neurodesarrollo y resultan altamente eficaces en su conjunto para los niños con trastornos en el desarrollo.Objetivo: determinar factores epidemiológicos y clínico-terapéuticos en niños con retardo del desarrollo psicomotor tratados en consulta de Atención Temprana del policlínico Jimmy Hirzel, Bayamo, Granma, durante 2018-2019.       Métodos: se realizó un estudio epidemiológico observacional descriptivo, longitudinal, que incluyó a 88 niños diagnosticados con retardo del desarrollo psicomotor y tratados en la consulta de Atención Temprana del policlínico Jimmy Hirzel, Bayamo, Granma, durante 2018-2019. Variables estudiadas: edad en el momento del diagnóstico en la consulta de Atención Temprana, sexo, procedencia, factores de riesgo perinatal y evolución a los 12 meses del diagnóstico e inicio del tratamiento rehabilitador. Se empleó la estadística descriptiva para el procesamiento de los datos.  Resultados: predominaron los niños diagnosticados entre los 6 meses y 11 meses y 29 días (52.3%), del sexo femenino (65,9%) y procedencia urbana (69,3%). El 82.9 % presentó factores de riesgo perinatal, con predominio del bajo peso al nacer y las infecciones perinatales. El 90.9% evolucionó favorablemente, destacando los diagnosticados entre 6 y 11 meses y 29 días, y los que no tuvieron o tuvieron uno o dos factores de riesgo perinatal.Conclusiones: la mayoría de los niños estudiados fueron diagnosticados en consulta de Atención Temprana entre los seis y doce meses de edad, presentaron uno o dos factores de riesgo perinatal (siendo el más frecuente el bajo peso al nacer), y evolucionaron favorablemente. 

Introducción: el cáncer de pulmón tiene elevada incidencia a nivel mundial.  En cuanto a mortalidad, es la primera localización en ambos sexos, con una tasa de 58,0 por 100 000 y 32,5 por 100 000 en el año 2017 en hombre y mujeres respectivamente.Objetivos: identificar los factores relacionados con la supervivencia de los pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas.Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico y observacional de cohorte en pacientes atendidos con el diagnóstico de cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas en el servicio de Oncología de del hospital general universitario “Carlos Manuel de Céspedes” de Bayamo, Granma, en el período comprendido desde el 1º de enero del 2014 al 31 de diciembre de 2019.Resultados: el factor más relevante y de carácter independiente fue clasificar en estadio IV al incrementar el riesgo de morir a 1,304 veces (IC: 1,011-2,025; p: 0,000) seguido del estadio IIIB (HR: 1,070; IC: 1,004-2,113; p: 0,000). El modelo de regresión de Cox tiene una capacidad discriminativa adecuada para predecir los pacientes que fallecerán de los que no en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas (área: 0,727; IC: 0,516-0,737; p: 0,025).Conclusiones: el estadio del cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas tuvo una relación inversamente proporcional con la sobrevida de los pacientes; la edad avanzada incrementó el riesgo de morir. El modelo de regresión proporcional de Cox tuvo una capacidad discriminativa adecuada para precisar la menor supervivencia de los pacientes con el mencionado diagnóstico.

This article studies the relationship between sexism, stereotypes and social imaginaries in the institutional promotions broadcast by the commercial radio station La Otra FM. The name of this private station is presented as "another" popular radio alternative, however, the discourse makes direct reference to "The other woman", i.e. a lover, making it a station that challenges the social and cultural constructions that restrict female behavior, but, they go on to represent her in a liberal and sexualized way. The research objectives were based on analyzing the discourse of the radio station La Otra FM, disseminating the advertising promotions and distinguishing the stereotypes present in the station's advertising. Definitely, as the media resorts to sexism and female objectification, a content analysis model was built, which consisted of the dissemination of 17 commercials of the radio station, broadcasted throughout the programming; which were analyzed according to the following categories: language, thematic, representation, characteristics, intentionalities, temporality, subject, values, receivers and stereotypes, this last condition was approached from the classification proposed by Marcela Lagarde, where women are inscribed in different captivities such as: madresposa, puta, loca monja and presa. Among the main results, we found that the broadcaster reproduces sexist discourses that respond to historical processes of patriarchal order, which is why the messages expose a radical differentiation of men from women. The conclusions show that the advertising created by radio La Otra focuses its power on a persuasive-commercial communication, characterized by the broadcasting of humorous and double meaning messages, which appeal to deep sexual exaltations. La Otra radio spots are built on sexist semantic aspects that relegate women as "the other", being this the origin of the station's discourse. In addition, they are presented as a communicational strategy based on conventional and recent stereotypes which reflect women in a role of passivity and patriarchal subordination.    

Institutional communication is here regarded as the major mechanism of influence in the media and its message to citizens (McNair, 2011). The word, as a concentrator of great meaning and significance ignitor allows individuals to associate their interactions of common narratives under a mutual context, therefore, resulting on a consensual social reality (Berger & Luckmann, 2003; Schrøder, 2015), in such ways, interpretation of social representation of SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) declared by the official sanitary spokesman from Mexico compared with preliminary results of a national survey applied to citizens over 18 years old with different scholar degrees living in Mexico, allows to expand and feedback citizens perception and understanding of the current pandemic. Thus, making it possible to analyze how institutional narrative affected the social construct of this specific communicational idea in the mass media towards citizenship. This research focuses on understanding how Mexican citizens perceive the sanitary emergency crisis handled by the institutional authorities during April 2020 in comparison and contrasted with the stenographic versions of the firsts evening conferences during the same period offered by the health spokesman applying a critical analysis of the discourse as a theoretical-methodological tool.