Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The central theme of this issue entitled "ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN TIME OF NEOLIBERALISM", was carried out with the collaboration of Professor Nancy Piedra Guillén, director of the Postgraduate Program in Sociology. Guillén compiled the contributions of Blanco and Castillo, who analyzed the consequences of extractivism and climate change in Costa Rican communities where agriculture and livestock activities prevail. These are regions with high rates of poverty and inequality. The foregoing, coupled with the direct consequences of extreme climate changes, makes them vulnerable areas that demand prompt solutions to environmental degradation, extreme exploitation of resources and greater concern for the food security of the populations.

This issue presents a set of articles in which the cases of experiences, experiences and dynamics of rural workers are analyzed.

The objective of this research was to determine the conceptual model that has allowed the evolution and growth of the Tianguis and Plaza Ganadera Ejidal Puente San Bernabe in Almoloya de Juárez, as a meeting point for the commercialization of diverse products. The elaboration of the conceptual model started with locating the site within a regional and state framework, identifying the commercial business, and recognizing the actors involved. With this, pedestrian traffic gauges and review of surface growth were made over time. Finally, it was all evaluated to formulate the proposed conceptual model. It was foundthat commercial business is the engine of survival, above other nearby markets, due to the accessibility of prices and availability of spaces, verified by iterative cycling the conceptual model. However, those who exchange their products are the least favored. In this way, despite the marginalization of competitiveness with established businesses, price volatility, and the rural location, the current Tianguis has had a growth of more than 260% in the last 17 years, as a result of the diversity of products that are marketed every Monday.

This article analyzes the role that rural agriculture workshops play in designing strategies for dialogue promotion, empowerment and rural popular education, from 2010 to 2019, at the Southern Coast of Jalisco University Center (cucsur in Spanish) of the University of Guadalajara. The methodological approach is qualitative, with contributions from participatory research. The techniques used are the realization of theoretical and practical workshops, where the country people “learn by doing”. The workshops proved to be adequate spaces not only to generate appropriate agricultural technologies, but to build communication and education alternatives.

This paper presents and analyzes socio-communitarian rural processes in the Provinces of Buenos Aires and Chaco, Argentina, documented from 1991 and 2015 –respectively– through a collaborative ethnographys approach and using sociolinguistic methodologies. In order to build a theoretical framework, these disciplines are put in relationship to other areas of knowledge i.e., philosophy, social psychology and sociology. In doing so, it is possible to uncover and interpret actions that otherwise remain invisible, such as singular processes of subjectivation, the creation of coalitions and the struggle against the obliteration of life.

The goal of this article is to explore, qualitatively, the ways in which farm-families located in the western Central Valley region of Costa Rica adapt to the state of the 21st century agricultural economy. The analysis draws on fieldwork from July to December 2017 and on interviews with 56 family members operating 32 small to mid-sized farms. Results suggest that either producers convert the farm project into a hobby, a part-time occupation or they fundamentally change the operations to insert themselves into new markets of tourism, education and the sale of value-added products. 

The purpose of this article is to analyze the social meanings attributed to rural school in the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico. The case study of the ejido El Tigre (from January 2015 to December 2018) was conducted through a narrative design with different educational actors. The results showed that the education system creates distances between school logic and rural life. However, the community legitimizes the school as part of its daily environment and means it as the world where they find social, existential and legal recognition.

This article aims to the reflection on the implementation of the Rural Section of the ProAgua Program in rural communities of Puebla, Mexico, from the perspective of transparency and accountability. It approaches the perceptions of families in rural areas benefiting from the implementation of the Program, as a result a strong weakness in the program is identified, as well as the need to strengthen accountability and establish relationships of greater trust between the government and communities.

This article aims to discuss about povertyphilia (pobrezafilia), that is to say, the sensualized photographic exhibition of women in poor housing in Latin America. In these images, the setting that shows the lower social class of its protagonists is even more important than the bodies of these young women. To carry out the analysis, various images that appeared on the internet under this descriptor were studied, as well as other documents that have served to contextualize part of the antecedents related to the production of desire for this type of erotic images.

Introduction: Adolescence is marked by biopsychosocial and behavioral changes important for the construction of autonomy during new experiences. However, some habits during this phase may pose risk to HIV infection. Objective: To evaluate the adolescents' practices that may pose a risk to HIV infection, contrasting behavioral aspects with the level of prior knowledge about this infection. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with descriptive, quantitative and correlational approaches applied to 273 adolescents from public educational institutions in six Brazilian municipalities. The data were collected through two questionnaires which focused on self-care and the level of knowledge about anatomy, pathophysiology and risk factors of HIV infection. Absolute and relative frequency measures were used, as well as Pearson correlation tests (p value < 0.05).  Results: There was a higher representativeness of 16-17 years-old and female school adolescents. The results showed risk behaviors for HIV exposure such as early sexual activity (38.4%), drug use (21.8%), multiple sexual partners (40.4%) and unprotected sex (54.5%); this was a scenario that was not necessarily related to the lack of knowledge. Notwithstanding, the study points out that the earlier the debut sexual activities or drug use, the greater the number of sexual partners during adolescence, suggesting a high risk of HIV infection. In regards to the use of interactive methodologies, these presented themselves as potential tools in permanent health education. Conclusion: The study verified the important risk behaviors related to HIV infection by school adolescents, and also that these practices are not necessarily linked to the lack of knowledge about this issue. The implications of this study are directed towards the promotion of changes in practices of health and education professionals, as well as the development of public policies aimed at reducing the adolescents’ risk behaviors.