Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In this study, we present a critical approach to the imperial cult of the Iberian Peninsula. The analysis tackles the latest research and interpretative advances on the introduction of imperial worship in Hispania and, on the basis of the latest archaeological findings, we explore one of the most important processes of the imperial cult in the Iberian Peninsula: its provincial organization into Baetica, Tarraconensis and Lusitania.

This work focuses on the study of the 21 cultores of local deities recorded in 20 religious dedications from the conventus Lucensis. While examining the onomastic practice, we analyse the civic conditions that may have existed among these worshippers, who could not remain immutable under the new organizational and cultural models introduced by Rome.

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Resumen: La intención de este artículo es presentar el concepto “retrolugar” como la repetición de lugares imaginados del pasado dentro de la cultura popular debido a razones sociológicas, políticas y comerciales asociadas a la nueva cultura del capitalismo. Para lograr este objetivo insertaremos el concepto dentro de un marco historiográfico más general y situaremos ejemplos tanto de su concepción como de su desarrollo. Todo ello nos conducirá a la idea de empleo o utilización estética del pasado con razones políticas, sociales o comerciales. Usos del tiempo pretérito alejados del oficio del historiador, pero alojados extensamente entre la población debido a la integración de estos dentro de las manifestaciones culturales más populares.Palabras clave: Retrolugar, Usos públicos de la Historia, Cultura Popular, Mitohistoria, Industria cultural.Abstract: This article introduces the ‘retroplace’, the concept of recreating imagined places of the past within the popular culture on the basis of sociological, political and comercial reasons associated with the new culture of capitalism. To achieve this goal, the concept is examined within a more general historiographic framework, and examples of both its conception and its development are given. This analysis reveals the employment or the aesthetic use of the past for political, social or commercial motives. Although these uses of the past tense are far removed from the trade of the historian, they are widely accepted among the population due to their integration within the most popular cultural manifestations.Key words: Retroplaces, Public use of History, Popular Culture, Mythistory, Cultural industry.

This article provides empirical evidence of how and why agrarian history, from the local to the global, can fruitfully inspire new perspectives on the outstanding research of the the American historian and hispanist Edward Malefakis (1932–2016). The first two parts are based on his work on Spain and Europe and open an epistemological discussion. The third part offers a careful analy­sis, involving a large array of original sources, of a case emphasised in Edward Malefakis’s mas­terpiece on the Spanish Second Republic (1931–1936) and its “rural oligarchy”. Political violence is highlighted as a massive phenomenon in the pre­dominantly rural world, situated in its European and global dimensions. In order to articulate the local and broader levels, this article establishes a dialogue between the quantitative and qualitative approaches mobilized in this empirical overview, and thereby introduces an innovative use of the heuristic category and epistemological tool of the “exceptional normal”.

The Civil Guard is an essential part of the story of the political violence that plagued the Second Republic, and its history has largely been written by members of the institution itself eagerly de­fending its honour. This article traces how spe­cific incidences of violence during the Second Republic were portrayed by Civil Guard histori­ans in books and history magazine articles from 1968 to the present, and in so doing it will demonstrate that, even as Spain shifted from a pub­lic order to a citizen security model of policing during the Transition, these historians remained trapped by a Francoist vision of the Civil Guard gaining honour through dispassionately fight­ing the disorder of the Second Republic. The vi­sion was so engrained that only a new generation trained after the Transition was able to find a new narrative that portrayed the Civil Guard as serv­ing the interests of the public. Still, the unwaver­ing desire to uphold the honour of the institution has meant that this new generation also depicts the corps as apolitical.

The coup d’etat and the subsequent breakout of the Spanish Civil War meant the collapse of the Second Republic’s state structures. The judiciary was affected by the collapse too, and after a pe­riod during which the government was unable to enforce control, a new judicial system was slowly built, a system that was highly characterized by jury courts. Among the historiographical works on justice in the Second Republic in wartime, we can find general works like that of Ángel Viñas, who, besides studying the Spanish civil war from a general point of view, also focuses his work on the judiciary. We can also find specific works, with Glicerio Sánchez and Raúl C. Cancio being good examples. These offer detailed compilations of the laws on Popular Tribunals. Finally, there is historiography on Catalonia and the Basque Country, which, for a variety of reasons, has a special place within the context of the Second Re­public in wartime.

This paper studies the situation stirred up by the opening of the Second Republic (1931–1936) in Spanish rural areas and specifically in Castile and León. It was characterised by a wide politicisation of the different components of the rural commu­nities amd by the profusion of labour disputes that, with the passing of time, ended in political violence and ultimately revealed the ideological polarisation of the local peasantry. Much of the documentary evidence presented here relies on court records from the province of Valladolid.

This essay examines the centrality of the ‘new man’ theme in the fascist and pro-fascist move­ment and regime of the interwar period. In par­ticular, it emphasizes the link between the rapid and massive social and economic changes affect­ing Europe since the end of the 1800s and the attempt to provide a policy answer to the fear of moral decadence and physical degeneration, not­ing that these same transformations gave birth to large sectors of public opinion.

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