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546,196 artículos
Año:
2018
ISSN:
2385-3247, 1132-7200
Coronado Tordesillas, José; Rodríguez Lázaro, Francisco; Ruiz Fernández, Rita
Universitat de Barcelona
Resumen
The article studies the development of the road passenger transport in the previous decade of the Spanish Civil War. The evolution of the legislation is analysed showing how its changes conditioned the evolution of lines and companies. This new transport is characterised thanks to the detailed information for the bus lines included in several guides published in the late twenties by the National Tourism Patronage. Through these years, buses will turn from a quite slow and not very reliable transport mode to a technical and economical alternative which started to threat the rail hegemony.
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Año:
2018
ISSN:
2385-3247, 1132-7200
Martínez Carrión, José Miguel; Medina Albaladejo, Francisco José
Universitat de Barcelona
Resumen
This paper analyzes the international competitiveness of the Spanish wine industry during the «wine globalization». The comparative advantage through the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA) or Balassa Index and the behavior of the wines types, and the relative weight of exports in volume, value and unit prices in the world market since the 1960’s are examined. The article reports increasing exports of bottled quality wines with Appellations of Origin and, overall, wine exports growth in recent decades. Spanish wine industry has become a net exporter, challenging the fall in domestic consumption and increased foreign competition; however, the bases of its competitiveness are low-cost wines, quality economic wines, and particularly bulk wines, which show higher dynamism in the last decade.
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Año:
2018
ISSN:
2385-3247, 1132-7200
Espuelas, Sergio
Universitat de Barcelona
Resumen
The emergence of social insurances in Spain has been usually linked to the advent of industrialization, the development of a reformist ideology by the political elites, and the demands of the labor movement. Not questioning the role of these factors, this paper suggests that the introduction of compulsory unemployment insurance was hampered by the opposition of landowners and small-sized firms, which were predominant in Spain. At the same time, the inability to reach Danish or Swedish-style agreements to finance social policy through indirect taxes hindered the introduction of the subsidized voluntary unemployment insurance, which would have needed a big amount of public subsidies to succeed.
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Año:
2018
ISSN:
2385-3247, 1132-7200
Arnabal, Luis; Bertino, Magdalena; Fleitas, Sebastián
Universitat de Barcelona
Resumen
The process of industrialization by import substitutions in Uruguay has shown special characteristics in the Latin-American context, given its early beginning and its rapid conclusion. The latest contributions that have tried to explain this process date back two decades. This work revisits the performance of the industry from a sectorial perspective. First of all, the main previous works in this matter are discussed and the sources that were used in the construction of a new database of industrial performance by sectors between 1930 and 1959 are presented. A brief description of the macroeconomic evolution results in the study of the industries performance. After beginning with a critical analysis of industrial classifications criteria, it follows a description of output, employment, productivity and wages evolution, and their relationship with productivity.
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