Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The present work addressed the problem of environmental pollution that exists in the municipality of Leon, Guanajuato. The metropolitan area of Leon is located in the seventh place of environmental pollution nationwide. The municipality has a population of 1 436 733 inhabitants and concentrates 27.7% of the total vehicular park of the state of Guanajuato and there is also established the most important footwear industry in Mexico, which is reflected in an environmental deterioration. Environmental pollution in Leon is considerable, since 57.2% of the surveyed population states that air quality is bad. This situation is reflected in the environmental deterioration and health problems of the inhabitants of the city. The main objective of the research has been to estimate the willingness to pay by the population of the municipality of Leon, Guanajuato, for the creation of a green fund to help mitigate the environmental problems of the municipality. To estimate the DAP, the contingent valuation method was used, for which surveys were conducted to the inhabitants of the city of León, in this way the necessary information was collected in order to obtain the DAP of the inhabitants of the city. The average DAP per inhabitant estimated was $131.15 pesos, earning an annual income of around $60 408 083.45 pesos; that is, $4 174 712.06 dollars in the year of 2014, taking as reference a vehicular park of 460 603 units (UAIP, 2015) for the same year.

The effect of the date of transplant on the production of habanero pepper and the efficient use of irrigation water (UEA) was quantified and the profitability of the production was determined under drip irrigation and plastic cover conditions. The work was carried out in the municipality of Huimanguillo, Tabasco in a Fluvisol eutric soil. The Orange variety was used in five transplant dates: 1) September 17, 2014, 2) September 30, 2014, 3) December 23, 2014, 4) January 10, 2015 and 5) February 12, 2015. Four validation plots were established in the PV-2016 cycle. The transplant was performed 45 days after emergence of the seedlings in trays, with a density of 13 400 plants ha-1. The irrigation was applied based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc=ET0 Kc) where the reference evapotranspiration (ET0) was estimated with the “A” type evaporimeter tank. The following culture coefficients (Kc) were used: 0.4, 0.8 and 0.7 in the initial, intermediate and final stages of crop development, respectively. It is concluded that the dates of transplantation from September 17 to February 12 have a similar effect on fruit yield except for the date of January 10, affected by Phytophthora capsici. As for the UEA, the date of transplantation of September 30 increased 16.5% with respect to February 12 and 33.7% with respect to January 10. The yield of the crop was higher on the dates of December and February, obtaining a cost benefit ratio of 3.1 and 3.5, respectively.

Soil compaction is a problem recently identified as one of the main constraints on the maize surface of the municipality of Villaflores in the region of The Frailesca, Chiapas, due to this, it needs to be studied with greater precision. The objective of this study was to characterize the problem of compaction on the mechanized surface cultivated with corn in the New Mexico commn. We studied 177 plots, in which the apparent density, organic matter and texture were determined at the depths of 0-20 and 20-40 cm. The owners of the properties were interviewed to obtain information about their cultivation practices and corn productivity levels. The results show that 83.3% of the studied area presented superficial compaction and 94.6% compaction in the subsoil (plow floor). The producers pointed out that in years with critical periods of drought the yields are reduced by 58%, which is correlated with the decrease of the porosity as a result of the compaction. The main causes of the compaction were the intensive tillage with machinery 100% of the sites, the very low content of 100% organic matter and the type of soil (luvisols and acrisols). The attention of the compaction problem requires a comprehensive corrective and preventive strategy that should take as a central element the elevation of the contents of organic matter, to reverse the current unsustainable management of the land.

Tres leguminosas herbáceas: Macroptilium lathyroides, Macroptilium atropurpureum y Phaseolus acutifolius se sembraron en 12 unidades experimentales de 28 m2 cada una, bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar y cuatro repeticiones por especie. El objetivo fue evaluar las características de producción de materia seca (MS), relación hoja-tallo y cobertura, así como la concentración de proteína cruda (PC), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), lignina (LDA), taninos, fenoles y digestibilidad in vitro de la MS (DIVMS) en todo el ciclo biológico de las especies. La producción promedio de MS (kg ha-1) difirió (P<0.05) entre especies, resultando mayor para M. lathyroides (4,655), intermedia para M. atropurpureum (3,920) y menor (2,170) para P. acutifolius. La diferencia en producción de MS entre M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum fue un reflejo principalmente de diferencias en la altura de la planta, más que a diferencias en la relación hoja-tallo o cobertura. M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum no fueron diferentes (P>0.05) en concentración de PC, FDN, FDA y DIVMS. La especie P. acutifolius mostró una menor concentración de todas las fracciones y una menor DIVMS.  La concentración de taninos (g kg-1 MS) fue mayor (P<0.05) para M. lathyroides (3.93), intermedia para M. atropurpureum (3.14) y menor (1.82) para P. acutifolius. En fenoles, las especies no fueron diferentes, obteniendo un promedio de 20.3 g kg-1 MS. Se concluye que M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum fueron las especies con mejor comportamiento productivo y calidad nutritiva en toda la fase experimental.

Data were collected between 2001 and 2003 from Guzerat (G), Criollo (C), Guzerat x Criollo (GC), and Criollo x Guzerat (CG) cows (n=208 records) to estimate heterosis (hi) and direct (gi) and maternal (gm) genetic effects for day of peak milk yield (DMP), maximum milk yield (PML), total milk yield (PTL), daily milk yield (PDL), persistency of lactation (PER), and to estimate relationships between PTL and weaning weight adjusted to 210 d of age (PA210). Lactation curve was estimated by the equation Y(n)=n/aekn. Variables were analyzed with least squares procedures and mixed models. Final models included effects of genotype of the cow, number, year and season of calving, sex of calf, birth weight as a covariate and two factor interactions. Correlations and regressions were estimated between PA210 and PTL. GC cows had greater production for PML, PTL and PDL (P<0.10) than C and G cows. hi was important (P<0.05) for PML, PTL and PDL. gi were favorable to G (P<0.05) for PML, PTL and PDL. Correlations were important (P<0.05) for all genetic groups. The regression coefficients were 0.044±0.014 (C), 0.037±0.014 (GC), 0.032±0.009 (G) and 0.027±0.015 (CG). Calves from C, GC, G and CG cows required 22.5, 27.3, 30.9 and 37.3 kg of milk per each kilogram of weight at weaning. The differences in the efficiency of utilization of milk consumed by calves suggest that different strategies of feeding during lactation should be considered for the production of feedlot calves with C, GC, G and CG cows.

The objetive was to determine the presence and levels of fumonisins in feed from confirmed cases of equine leukoencephalomalacia from the Municipality of Juchitlán (Jalisco State). The field study included the 13 main municipalities where one of the biggest equine population in Jalisco is concentrated. They have a similar feeding management practices and feed preservation. The analytical determinations were performed by competitive type immunoassay and high-resolution liquid chromatography. Contamination with fumonisins was detected in 100 % of analyzed samples; levels were from 0.23 to 19.18 mg/kg. There was a difference between localities (P<0.001); the highest concentration was observed in Ahualulco de Mercado (mean: 12.83 mg/kg) and the lowest concentration in Concepción de Buenos Aires (mean: 0.27 mg/kg). Of the total samples analyzed, 62 % exceeded the recommended limit for horses.

Introduction: The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype is related to the presence of hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia and consequently, it is a risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Objective: To determine the association of hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype with the main cardiovascular risk factors.Material and Methods: A descriptive study was carried out with a probabilistic sample obtained from a multi-stage method. The sample consisted of 1108 subjects between 15 and 74 years old, included in the surveillance component for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) from the CARMEN initiative in Cienfuegos. The variables evaluated were: sex, skin color, smoking, hypertension, obesity, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, abdominal circumference, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. The Prevalence Ratio (PR) was determined for the different variables. The level of significance required was 95%. The research was approved by the Scientific Council of the University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos and the Research Ethics Committee. The results are presented in tables and figures.Results: PR showed a greater risk of presenting the phenotype in females (2,31), as well as in subjects over 45 years (2,92), obese (19,24), and hypertensive and diabetics for a PR of (2.96 and 2.30), respectively.Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and the main cardiovascular risk factors such as increasing age, atherogenic index, cholesterol levels, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension.Keywords: hypertriglyceridemia, hypertriglyceridemic waist, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases.

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation is a procedure used for the replacement of ventilation, which saves the life of patients with acute respiratory failure; but at the same time, it is one of the first causes of complications and mortality.Objective: To identify the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients who died while receiving mechanical ventilation, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the “Joaquín Albarrán Dominguez” Clinical Surgical Hospital during the triennium 2013-2015.Material and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with the clinical histories of these patients.  The information was collected in a data matrix that was subsequently analyzed with the SPSS 21.0 software, on the basis of absolute and relative frequencies and the use of the chi2 test for the bi-varied correlations; the statistical significance value was p <0.05.Results: Of the 166 patients selected for the study, the 49.4% were over 70 years of age. COPD was the most frequent reason for ventilation. The main complications of ventilation were: multiple organ failure (25.3%), weaning failure (21.6 %), and respiratory distress (20.4%).Conclusions: Multiple organ failure, bilateral bacterial bronchopneumonia, and pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation were the most frequent complications and causes of death in ventilated patients.Keywords: Mortality, mechanical ventilation, intensive care, complications, critically ill patient.

Introduction: Teamwork among editors, director, and the Editorial Board is essential in order to guarantee a satisfactory editorial process.   The main purpose of this association is to publish papers with an adequate scientific-methodological rigor, which demands a great effort in order to maintain quality, guarantee scientific validity, and protect potential readers who have access to the final product. Objective: To characterize the Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas from metric indicators. Material and methods: A scientific and metric study of this publication was carried out from 2002 to 2016. We evaluated bibliographic variables published by Publish or Perish, and metric indicators provided by SciELO and SciELO Citation Index. Results: The journal has an h-index of 18, with more than a thousand published authors. The average number of authors per article is 3 and there is a favorable balance between the distribution of cited and non-cited articles. It makes more citations than the ones it receives, and it does not have a high number of self-cites. Conclusions: The Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas has shown results that place it among the best positioned journals with health-related issues in greater coverage databases, which is demonstrated from the analysis of its metric indicators.Keywords: scientific production, visibility, Scientometry, bibliometrics, journal, metric indicators, citations.

Introduction: The abdominal cavity and the thoracic cage are separated by the diaphragm; therefore, the variations in the pressures within one of them have an effect on the pressures of the other. At present, intra-abdominal hypertension is a frequent entity in the critically ill patient, which constitutes an important risk factor for complications and mortality since it influences on different organs and systems.Objective: To relate intra-abdominal pressure with mechanical artificial ventilation pressures and parameters of respiratory, cardiovascular and renal function.Material and Methods: A descriptive prospective study of intra-abdominal pressure was conducted in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation with clinical and surgical diseases in the Intensive Care Units of the Arnaldo Milán Castro Hospital, during the period between January 2014 until December 2015. Results:  Clinical patients with high values of airway pressures showed higher values of intra-abdominal pressure, and those post-surgical patients who presented with high levels of pressure inside the abdomen indicated the highest values of peak and average pressure recorded in the mechanical ventilator.  Conclusions: Mean arterial pressure, diuretic rate and peripheral oxygen saturation decreased, whereas the central venous pressure, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in blood, and creatinine increased due to raises in pressure within the abdomen.Keywords: Artificial respiration, transcutaneous blood gas monitoring, arterial pressure, diuresis,             abdomen.