Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The processes of urban renewal hide, behind a euphemistic and propagandistic discourse, the increasing commodification of cities and the deepening of social differences in the territory. They involve a restructuring of the dynamics of the spaces in which they are developed and entail material and immaterial transformations, led by private and / or public agents, causing the value of properties to rise and the consequent displacement and / or substitution, direct and indirect, of the resident population by other social groups with greater purchasing power. This article aims to identify and analyze, after almost ten years, the socio-spatial transformations caused by the gentrification process of the former Abasto market in its overflow area. It is proposed to focus the gaze on the current morphological and functional state of the identified plots and on the perceptions that residents and workers of said area hold before the changes that have occurred. The installation and inauguration of new commercial ventures in the place, some of them destined for groups with high purchasing power, expresses the validity of the joint interest of certain public and private sectors to sustain and spread the gentrifying effects in the area, to the detriment of the inhabitants who traditionally live there.

The document shows the most important theoretical aspects of the main Transmission Mechanisms of monetary policy. At the beginning, the background of the monetary transmission mechanisms in Honduras is presented and how they have changed over the years according to the crises that have occurred in several countries, the literature shows several structures and models to measure each of the monetary transmission mechanisms. Subsequently, each of the five transmission mechanisms mentioned are theoretically developed and the relationships established between the variables involved are specified. A VAR model (Autoregressive Vector Model) is estimated to study the correlation and between economic growth and the aforementioned variable monetary transmission mechanisms using data obtained from the Central American Monetary Council and the Central Bank of Honduras. At the end, some observations are made that are considered important, among which it is highlighted that the transmission mechanisms of monetary policy are independent of the monetary policy strategy followed by the authorities and that they must understand and take into account the large number of possible direct and indirect effects, including unintended ones, derived from its policy measures.

Chile and Argentina went through a crisis in their pension systems. In the first case, the government of Augusto Pinochet (1973-1990) responded by implementing the Pension Fund Administrators (AFP). In this capitalisation system, private institutions manage their members' funds to create a long-term return for them in the form of personal accounts. The validity of this system is disputed because of its significant inefficiency. Under the government of Carlos Menem (1989-1999), Argentina designed the Retirement and Pension Fund Administrators (AFJP), a mixed system that charged a commission, deducted from members' mandatory pension contributions, and managed the investment of accumulated capital. In 2008, this system was abandoned in favour of a public model. This paper will explore the failure of both systems, which were based on economic assumptions in their design that led to their crisis. Its originality lies in the actors considered in the analysis - governments, entrepreneurs and NGOs - and the causal mechanisms that explain the failures of the policies implemented. The methodology employed was qualitative, based on interest- and idea-oriented institutionalism. The exhaustion of both systems occurred due to their flawed theoretical assumptions.

Corporate social responsibility is fundamental since its actions intensify sustainability, directly impacting the environment and society, but at the same time contributing to the reputation and profitability of the coffee sector. Additionally, social responsibility is necessary to obtain socio-environmental certification, which allows the product to be marketed at a better price in the international market. This document presents the state of corporate social responsibility in the coffee sector seen from the perspective of the producer, the perception, its criteria and the difference between small and medium producers were explored, through qualitative methodology. A semi-structured survey of eight questions was applied to 44 business informants (coffee producers), based on the environmental, social and reputational dimension for the SME segment of the Honduran coffee regions of: Agalta, Comayagua, Copan, El Paraíso, Montecillos and Opalaca. The data was processed using ATLAS.it9, which allowed the speech of the respondents to be coded. The main findings stand out as emerging codes: Product offering, preservation, environmental awareness, commitment to the community, environmental education, lack of social commitment, commitment to employees and reforestation. It was identified that producer value the environmental dimension more and there is no difference in perceptions between small and medium producers.

Honduras adopted the model of Public Private Partnerships for Puerto Cortés in 2012, the model used was DFBOT, in combination with a trust. At the date of preparation of this investigation, an investment by the private partner of USD$154.81 million US dollars was observed, an average annual income for the private partner of USD$446.60 million US dollars; a commission of 0.37% per annum on all the gross income of the private partner for the trustee amounting to US$181.96 million US dollars and income for the State in the form of canon for US$72.21 million US dollars for the same study period. In order to assess the effectiveness of the type of contracting model, a financial analysis of the PPP model adopted in Puerto Cortés was carried out. The important thing about this empirical analysis is the review, evaluation and conclusion on the follow-up information carried out by the State supervisory entities in this matter. PPP models in Honduras are in the process of maturing, therefore, the information generated to date, in follow-up to what is established in the contract, must follow a more rigorous process.

Over the past years many economies have experienced large increases in international trade, GDP, and electricity consumption, this has led to plenty of academic research on the effect of increase in exports to electricity consumption and the implications of that on economic growth. This research employs annual data for Honduras from 2007 to 2021 to examine the causal relationship between economic growth (GDP), electricity consumption and international trade (exports). As this study on behalf of the results that have been found about the electricity consumption cause of the GDP from a causal relationship in the Granger, as for the results it shows to the bidirectional causal relationship between exports and GDP.

In this article, we seek to classify the national culture of Belize through the typologies offered by Geert Hofstede (1980) and Edward T. Hall (1960).  The classification allows comparative use of existing cultural data for most other nations and world regions important in navigating cultural interactions in the conduct of international business.  As nearly three-fourths of the Belizean economy relies on international trade, there is an essential need to successfully navigate the international environment.  Utilizing a group of Belizean cultural experts, a Delphi study revealed the nature of Belizean national culture as a benchmark in navigating cultures.   We conclude with cultural navigation recommendations for and with Belizeans engaged in  international business activities.

The study focused on the supply and demand of purified water in the urban area of the city of Tela through a review and analysis of information from the companies, the application of an instrument in the neighborhoods and colonies, and a basic economic analysis that estimates the annual cost of consuming purified water. The methodology included an office phase in which the research and the instrument for data collection were designed; in the field phase, the instrument was applied virtually to 412 people. The results show that there are seven companies dedicated to the sale of purified water; the market is dominated by Agua Purificada Tela and Agua La Roca. Some 95% percent of households consume purified water in bottles; the main use is for drinking and cooking. Water is purchased from delivery trucks and consumers inform themselves through social networks. The economic analysis shows that eight bottles of purified water are consumed per month at an average price of 25 lempiras. Each year, the population of the urban area of the city of Tela spends 30,426,600 lempiras (US$1,261,468) on purified water consumption.

The purpose of the research is to determine the existence of a long-term relationship between the variables of money demand in Honduras represented by the monetary aggregates M1 and M2 and the macroeconomic variables: Exchange Rate, Gross Domestic Product, and Inflation in the period 2002-2021. The theoretical perspective is the development of two econometric models of cointegration in Autoregressive form of Distributed Lags (ARDL). The design is non-experimental and trending. The M1 model was able to demonstrate that there is a long-term relationship between the variables of the model, meaning that the variables manipulated in monetary policy have been able to relate directly to this monetary aggregate. In the long term, the determining variables were the Gross Domestic Product and the Exchange Rate and in the short term it was only the Exchange Rate. The M2 model managed to demonstrate the long-term existence between the variables. In the long term the determining variables were the Gross Domestic Product and the Exchange Rate and in the short term it was the Gross Domestic Product only.

In presidential democracies with strong party systems, the congress shares legislative powers with the executive, and parties strongly influence the behavior of legislators. The law-making process should reflect that balance of power, as the reactive legislative powers of Congress should make committee membership less valuable than in systems where the legislature enjoys proactive powers. The strong party system and electoral rules should also be reflected in committee assignment dynamics. We test 4 hypotheses on the impact of individual (distributional and informational theories) and party level incentives (cartel party and issue ownership theories) on annual committee membership in the Chamber of Deputies in Chile (1990-2018). District and legislator specific characteristics—like the economic activity in the district and the legislator’s professional expertise, respectively—explain committee membership. In some policy dimensions, parties that exercise issue ownership also have more presence in the respective committees.