Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In this work, we report a new way to grow carbon nanotubes on micro–crystals. The micro-crystals are deposited on thermo-chemically treated metallic substrates, they are used as a substrate for the growth of carbon nanotubes with novel structural shapes. These new nanotubes shapes are: double spiral assembled bundles and flower-shaped assembled carbon nanotubes. These are new multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT’S) morphological shapes, which are synthesized by means of the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. These new shapes are very attractive for the potential use of MWCNT’S in several technological applications. This paper describes, in a clear way, what are carbon nanotubes, which are the most common methods used to synthesize them and which are the new kinds of MWCNT’S synthesized in the Jumex. Nanotechnology Lab, in collaboration with researchers from other institutions.

Temporomandibular disorders are highly frequent, are a major health problem worldwide and are of multifactorial etiology. An observational analytical study of cases and controls was carried out at the Manuel Cedeño Stomatological Specialist Clinic of Bayamo, Granma from March 2015 to December 2016, with the aim of identifying the association of some risk factors with the appearance of temporomandibular disorders in patients with 20 to 59 years old. The universe was constituted by 167 patients and it was shown by 90 individuals, 30 cases and 60 controls. We used binary logistic regression or univariate analysis. The variables used were age, sex, temporomandibular disorders, occlusal conditions, stress and traumas. The age group of 44 to 51 years and the female sex were the most affected by temporomandibular disorders. Occlusal conditions, emotional stress and traumas were highly significant risk factors. There was no risk factor with protective character.

Breast milk should be the only food that the child receives during the first six months of life, is the ideal food for development and full growth, reduces the incidence and severity of dentomaxillofacial alterations. A study was conducted in orderto determine the relationship between breastfeeding and the installation of mandibular anteroposterior position anomalies.A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the period between June 2017 and January 2018, where a sample of 45 patients between the ages of 7 and 10 years was used, who met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that44.44 % of the children had artificial lactation, the presence of 97.77 % with class II skeletal anomalies and a relationshipbetween breastfeeding and the installation of skeletal anomalies with p = 0.000. It is concluded that there is a relationship in terms of the presence of breastfeeding as an etiological factor in the installation of mandibular position anomalies.

La infección por virus de la rubeola es benigna, sin embargo, si se contrae durante el embarazo pueden presentarse malformaciones congénitas. Se presenta un caso de gestante portadora de rubeola en el primer trimestre de la gestación (no vacunada); en el segundo trimestre se toma muestra de sangre y se detectó titulación de anticuerpos IgM e IgG contra la rubeola; y el neonato desde el nacimiento presenta manifestaciones como crecimiento intrauterino retardado, ictericia precoz, cataratas congénitas (bilateral) y soplo cardiaco y que 5 días después en estudio ecocardiográfico se concluye como una cardiopatía congénita (estenosis de la arteria pulmonar); se confirma con los títulos elevados de IgG e IgM en el neonato lo cual evidencia un caso confirmado, esta infección prenatal es evitable por medio de la inmunización contra la rubeola en la infancia o en la mujer adolescente.

Introduction: optic neuritis usually occurs in children after an infectious process. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is a demyelinating disease affecting the optic nerve and it occurs at 5-6 years.Clinical case: a clinical case of a five-years-old female patient is presented, two weeks after acute upper respiratory infection it began with vertical nystagmus, ataxia, fever and headache, acute postinfectious cerebellitis was suspected, treated with acyclovir, intravenous antibiotic, mannitol and steroids for five days. Three days after discharged the patient began with diplopia and vomiting that led to dehydration, she was readmitted with acyclovir for 5 more days and intravenous antibiotic for 7 days for positive urine. At 15 days the patient had pain in the right eye that was exacerbated by eye movements, blurred vision, fundus: optic nerve edema.Conclusion: demyelinating optic neuritis was diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. The patient was treated with intravenous corticosteroids.

Secondary immunodeficiencies are, among the immunologic deficit, the most frequent ones. Identifying the predisposing factors for its appearance contributes to the correct diagnosis. An analytic study of cases and control at Granma's ambulatory Medical Center (CMA) from 2012 to 2017, was carried out to determine the prognostic cases associated to secondary immunodeficiency disorders in children from 1 to 7 years. The sample was composed by 150 patients, 50 with immunodeficiencies that were considered cases, and 100 without immunodeficiency disorders that conformed the control group. Age, sex, presence of viral and bacterial infections, intestinal parasitism, anemia, undernutrition and disbiosis were taken into consideration. The statistical processing included descriptive statistics, using measures of summary for qualitative variables. Inferential statistics were used in the bi-variable analysis through chi squaredto identify association with p< 0.05. and odds ratio to quantify the interval of confidence and its association. An unvaried and multivariate analyses were carried out and the second mentioned was used binary logistic regression. The predisposing factors with a greater impact were the dibiosis and the presence of bacterial and viral infections. Ages between 1 and 3 years, anemia, undernutrition were associated with the possibility of suffering from secondary immunodeficiencies. Sex was not associated with the immunodeficiencies.

Introducción: el perfeccionamiento curricular es una tarea permanente de la educación superior, con la aspiración de formar un profesional que responda con las exigencias de nuestra sociedad.Objetivo: realizar una crítica sistematizada al programa vigente de la disciplina de Farmacología de la carrera de Medicina.Método: se realizó una investigación cualitativa, con la utilización del método teórico sustentado en técnicas cualitativas como la revisión documental del programa de la disciplina de Farmacología, así como los criterios de los autores con experiencia en la impartición de dicho programa.Resultados: existen insuficiencias en su fundamentación, así como en algunos componentes del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en el programa docente como los objetivos, sistema de contenidos, sistema de evaluación y orientaciones metodológica; sin embargo, su pertinencia y relevancia está dada en la expresión en lenguaje pedagógico y expectativa social, de las habilidades que son necesarias desarrollar en el estudiante para formar un profesional con calidad.Conclusiones: el programa de la disciplina tiene validez científica, pedagógica y didáctica, lo que se expresa en su valor formativo. Como fundamento organizacional del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la disciplina puede ser perfeccionado, sobre la base del trabajo de los colectivos de disciplina, asignaturas y carrera en el subsistema de educación médica superior cubano.

Introducción: el sistema de bloques gemelos es una consecuencia natural de la evolución del tratamiento con aparatos funcionales y representa una transición fundamental de los aparatos de una sola pieza, que restringen la función anormal, a los aparatos que favorecen la función normal. Objetivo: evaluar los resultados del tratamiento de las anomalías dentomaxilofaciales con bloques gemelos estándar. Método: se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental modalidad antes y después sin grupo control, en 10 pacientes que fueron ingresados en la consulta de ortodoncia de la Clínica Universitaria de Especialidades Estomatológicas Manuel Cedeño, entre noviembre de 2016 a enero de 2018, a los que se instalaron aparatos bloques gemelos estándar y se determinaron los cambios obtenidos a los 9 meses de iniciada la etapa activa del tratamiento mediante el examen clínico y el análisis cefalométrico de las telerradiografías laterales del cráneo. Resultados: se corrigió la posición mandibular en el 80 % de los pacientes, la clasificación esqueletal clase II y el resalte se modificó en el 90% y 70 %; respectivamente, así como una mejoría del perfil en el 60 %; con una significación estadística de p= 0,000. Conclusiones: se produjeron favorables cambios clínicos y cefalométricos, así como un resalte y perfil adecuado, que influyeron en el mejoramiento de la oclusión y la estética de los pacientes.

Introduction: the prevalence of oral cancer varies according to the different countries, and it is recognized among the six most frequent causes of death among all cancers in the world.Method: an observational, analytical, case-control study was conducted to determine which risk factors influence the appearance of leukoplakia in patients aged 15 to 59 years from the 43rd office of Ciro Redondo, Bayamo, Granma in the 2016-2017 period.Results: leukoplakia was most frequently located in the mucosa of the cheek. It was obtained as a result that the patients most affected by leukoplakia were in the group of 45 to 59 years, the male sex predominated. The risk factors that predisposed to leukoplakia were poor oral hygiene, smoking and traumatic and thermal irritants.Conclusions: a direct association between risk factors and the appearance of leukoplakia was demonstrated.

Introduction: there is a high percentage of patients suffering from denture stomatitis, which is a serious health problem, so it is necessary to seek options for their treatment.Objective: to determine the effectiveness of oleozón in the treatment of grade I and II denture stomatitis.Methodological design: a quasi-experimental study of the before and after type without control group was performed on 55 patients with dental prostheses who attended the stomatology service of Bayamo-Oeste Polyclinic, Granma, from April to June 2017, with a diagnosis of grade I or II denture stomatitis. The primary information was obtained through: individual clinical histories, observation and clinical exploration. A data collection form was prepared, the results were presented in statistical tables and the percentage was used as a summary measure.Results: the 63.6 % of patients were affected by grade II denture stomatitis, the age group of 60-69 years was the most affected with 50.9 %. The female sex represented 76.4 %. The 54.5 % of the cured patients resolved with 5-10 applications; 40.0 % of patients cured in the time of 11-14 days. Only 2 patients reported burning and heat on one occasion.Conclusions: denture stomatitis affects more to the feminine sex and to the group of age of 60-69 years, the one of grade II was more frequent. The majority of patients resolved with 5 to 10 applications in a period of 11 to 14 days. Ozone therapy produces very few adverse effects.