Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article is an ethnohistoric approximation, supported by the theoretical fundamentals of anthropology, with which we look to provide an interpretive framework of sacrificial practices in the reche-mapuche culture during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Supported by an analysis of chronicles and unpublished documents, the objective of this paper is to understand the role that the diverse procedures played in giving a meaning to the sacrificial practice, but also the combination of symbolic systems that permitted the equivalencies and replacements of those beings (humans and animals) that would be sacrificed.

This work reconstructs the consumption of meat in the district of Santiago (Corregimiento) from 1773 to 1778. Through tax sources, information is compiled on this consumer market to analyze the origin of its supply, its commercial circuits and its impact on the well-being of the population. The results show that the consumption of meat per capita of those from Santiago reached 78.4 kilos a year, equivalent to 35% of the daily caloric requirement for an adult, a level that was far higher than many South American and European cities of the period. This high consumption of meat would have been universal, given that acquiring that quantity was only 6.8% of an unqualified urban workers salary. This evidence suggests that this population had a quality of life that was far superior than the level some economic historiography holds for Spanish-American as a whole

Historians and contemporaries alike have criticized Chilean public administration during the Parliamentary period due to the emergence of clientelism in the selection of public workers. Notwithstanding, a great part of these impressions are not based on evidence. This article analyzes the development of administrative careers in public services between 1884 and 1920, specifically studying the hiring and promotion processes. It concludes that, despite the nonexistence of a bureaucratic framework for career management, in practice there was a de facto civil service system which permitted long administrative careers within public administration.

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Through a critical dialogue with the historical approaches to sexual heterodoxy based around the hypothesis of strict social control, which implies a state of inaction among those who have such desires, this article explores the forms of official control over homoerotic practices that were effectively implemented in Mexico City during the postrevolutionary period, reconstructing the spaces and strategies that provided a space for dissidence. By examining the mark left by these social control measures on the El Carmen Prison, which has been little studied until now, it can be seen that official persecution was limited - in comparison with other contexts and periods, as there was no penal classification of these practices in Mexico-inconstant– as it was a response to certain periods of “moral panic” in which social prejudices were exacerbated –and porous– as class position was a determining factor in its application. This context was strategically read by men with a homoerotic orientation. Instead of silent, passive objects of censure, this article reveals that individuals interacted with these conditions to construct a dissident geography.

This article offers a historiographic interpretation on one chapter of the life and political activity of the Archbishop and Viceroy Francisco Xavier de Lizana y Beaumont, who was involved in the work of the Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition during the final months of 1809 and into January 1810. By examining an Inquisition document in the possession of the General National Archive, it can be seen that once Lizana y Beaumont became the head of the government of New Spain, he made the decision to rely on the ministers of the Inquisition Tribunal, following the rumors of a plot to assassinate him that was being organized by members of the Royal Accord. The fear that the rumors of the conspiracy were true led the Archbishop-Viceroy to request that the Tribunal, and not the Council of Safety and Good Order, examine the available testimony to determine the truth of the plot.

Between the 16th and 18th Centuries, the Catholic Church sent missionaries to China, which led to what historians refer to as the Chinese Rites controversy, though, due to its complexity, it would be better to refer to this process as the Chinese Rites controversies, plural. These debates on how to best evangelize the Middle Kingdom took place in Europe, Asia and the Americas. One of the figures who participated in these controversies was Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, bishop of Puebla de los Ángeles in New Spain (1640-1648), someone who never traveled to China. Why did he intervene? What representations of the Chinese Mission was he working from? Was this an early example of a global public sphere or a prototype of the global movement of ideas? This article aims to answer these questions.

This article analyzes some economic aspects of the role of Latin America in early globalization through the lens of superregional geohistorical axes. It concentrates on trade as one of the most important mechanisms of globalization, emphasizing some of the key consequences of flows of merchandise and precious metals between continents. On the one hand, it shows how American space, following the Spanish conquests, was restructured and transformed by its insertion into global exchange circuits. On the other hand, it explores how the New World contributed to connecting and transforming large parts of the globe. To show the scope of this impact, this article examines the role of precious metals from the Americas in early industrialization and the effects of this phenomenon on the Hispano-American economy.

In Laberintos de justicia Víctor Gayol analyzed the minor offices that enable the Audiencia of Mexico to administer justice in the territories under its jurisdiction. Nevertheless, he did not pay attention to an office that played a crucial role in the colonial courts: the interpreters of indigenous languages. How many native languages were spoken in the Audiencia of Mexico? Were the interpreters Indians, Spaniards, or Mestizos? How did they develop their linguistic skills? This study identifies the interpreters who served the court of Mexico during the sixteenth Century in order to provide a chronology of the occupation of the office, as well as an analysis of the social and ethnic profile of its holders. This reflection highlights the process by which the institutions of the Spanish Empire sought to adjust themselves to the multilingual reality of America.

This article proposes a reflection on the meaning of global history, both to understand a period that is considered to have been decisive for contemporary Mexican history as well as for interpreting historical phenomena in many other parts of the world. This analysis is based around the thesis that Latin American history, particularly its contemporary history, has been at the margins of global history. An analysis of the 1960s represents an important first step towards a greater integration of Latin American history in general and Mexican history in particular into the flow of global history. The object of this article is to better understand what happened in Mexico and in other countries in the region and around the world, as well as the larger processes that transcended national historical frameworks.