Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article aims to explain the relationship between corruption and violation of basic human rights and based on this, argue about the need to combat the high levels of corruption that prevail in some countries through international solutions such as the strengthening of human rights and anti-corruption international regimes. Based on a quantitative analysis carried out using a panel data model for 173 countries in a period of six years (2012-2017) it is shown that as the violation of human rights increases, there is a greater perception of corruption in the countries.

Branching from the wave in favor of the openness of public sector initiated in the United States in 2009 with Open Government, Open Parliament is a figure focused on legislative work. In Mexico, has been developed in two stages: the first, as the framework to carry out evaluations from civil society on transparency in Congresses -national and locals-; second, as a principle or essential element of the legislative process, including it in the regulations, in some cases up to the constitutional level. This article finds out how Open Parliament has been incorporated into legislative agendas and the probable implications of not having a conceptual agreement or a model to put it into practice in the country.

Introduction: Exercise improves many aspects of human health, including, regulating the immune system. Moderate training has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. By improving immune functions, it reduces the incidence of non-communicable diseases and susceptibility to viral infections.Objective: To describe the effects of physical activity on the innate and adaptive immune system.Methods: The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used. The terms "physical exercise", "immunity", "macrophage", "neutrophils", "lymphocytes" and "immunoglobulins" were used, according to the Health Sciences descriptor (DeCS). Eighty-six articles were included in the review.Conclusions: Acute exercise (moderate to vigorous intensity, less than 150 min) is considered an immunostimulant because it enhances the antimicrobicidal activity of macrophages and increases the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, it favors the movement of neutrophils, NK cells, cytotoxic T cells and immature B cells.

Introducción: La evaluación de la función sistólica del ventrículo izquierdo nos brinda información importante tanto para el diagnóstico y pronóstico de las enfermedades cardiovasculares, siendo la fracción de eyección el método más usado para este propósito. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer el grado de concordancia entre la ecocardiografía bidimensional, el speckle tracking y la tomografía por emisión de fotón único para la evaluación de volúmenes ventriculares y fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda.Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, se incluyeron 20 pacientes. Se analizaron variables fracción eyección, volumen telediastólico y telesistólico del ventrículo izquierdo, mediante ecocardiografía bidimensional por método de Simpson, speckle tracking y tomografía por emisión de fotón único. Se calcularon los coeficientes de correlación intraclase absoluto y de consistencia.Resultados: Correlación de la fracción de eyección mediante tomografía de emisión de fotón único y Simpson  CCIA:0,572 (p =0,003) y CCIC: 0,728 (p =0,003); y contra speckle tracking CCIA:0,571 (p =0,003) y CCIC: 0,727 (p = 0,003); entre Simpson y speckle tracking CCIA:0,807 (p = 0,0001) y CCIC: 0,893 (p =0,0001). Correlación de los volúmenes telediastólicos ventriculares izquierdos entre SPECT y Simpson CCIA: 0,634 (p =0,001) y CCIC: 0,776 (p =0,001); ente SPECT y speckle tracking CCIA: 0,686 (p =0,0001) y CCIC: 0,814 (p =0,0001); entre Simpson y speckle tracking CCIA: 0,723 (p =0,0001) y CCIC: 0,839 (p =0,0001). Correlación de los VTS del VI entre SPECT y Simpson CCIA: 0,486 (p =0,003) y CCIC: 0,645 (p =0,003), entre SPECT y speckle tracking CCIA: 0,636 (p =0,001) y CCIC: 0,777 (p =0,001), entre Simpson y speckle tracking CCIA: 0,766 (p =0,0001) y CCIC: 0,867 (p =0,0001).Conclusiones: La ecocardiografía bidimensional, el speckle tracking bidimensional y la Tomografía de emisión de fotón único tienen una correlación sustancial para la cuantificación de fracción de eyección r y volúmenes ventriculares izquierdos.

Background: Resin composite has been usually used for restoring primary teeth. Nevertheless, there is a lack of supporting clinical data regarding the survival of resin composite restorations and risk factors that may dictate the service time of the treatment in children.Aim: to evaluated the survival and factors associated with composite resin restoration failure in high caries risk children treated under risk-factor management clinical protocol for dental caries prior to restorative therapy. Design: A total of 230 restorations in primary teeth from records of 48 were included in the study. Restoration longevity, up to 3-year follow-up, was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier survival test. Multivariate Cox regression analysis with shared frailty was used to evaluate the factors associated with failures (p<0.05).Results: Mean survival time was 2.7 -year (95%CI: 0.75-0.87). Restoration survival reached 82.5% up to 3-year evaluation, with an overall annual failure rate of 6.2%. The unadjusted model showed restorations performed in children with dmf-t greater than 10 had more restoration failure risk (HR 5.59, 95% CI 1.03-30.34; p= 0.04) However, this association lost significance in the adjusted analysis (p=0.08).Conclusions: Composite resin restorations in primary teeth presented satisfactory survival after 3-year follow-up

Introduction: Experimental model of free flaps of skin in the rat has a great acceptance in microsurgical training programs, and it has demonstrated to be a practical tool. Objective: To describe the technique in an experimental model of free skin flaps in the rat that is included in the program of microsurgical training of advanced techniques in the Center of Experimental Surgery. Methods: Five Wistar male rats with a weight of 350 g, supplied by National Center of Laboratory Animals Production (CENPALAB) and anesthetized with Sodium Tiopental (60 mg / Kg corporal weight) for intraperitoneal via. Technique that we used consisted in tying femoral vessels distally; inmediatly from behind to superficial epigastric vessels and cut more proximal to femoral vessels (terminal ends of pedicle) what is obtained a bigger caliber that facilitates the anastomosis with the receptors vessels of neck rat.Results: Connected the superficial epigastric vessels to femoral vessels as terminal ends were possible to carry out the technique with the employment of binocular loupes without the use of operative microscope. Conclusions: Model of skin free flaps pedicled transfer in rat to the neck of the own animal is an excellent microsurgical exercise that is included in the program of microsurgical training, mainly for specialists and residents of plastic surgery and reconstructive, surgery maxilofacial and neurosurgery specialties.

Introduction: The learning environment is one of the elements that most influence the results of university education, specifically health careers; understanding it under an integral prism in which both objective and subjective aspects influence. This research addresses the influence of the organizational climate of university institutions on the learning environment.Objective: Analyze the relationships between organizational climate and learning environment in health education.Methods: A query was conducted with 25 experts, based on a questionnaire designed to assess the relationship between organizational climate and learning environment in health training. The results of the expert consultation were contrasted, using the methodological triangulation technique, with what was obtained from the analysis of updated bibliographic sources on the subject.Results: The experts determined the main strengths and weaknesses associated with the organizational climate of universities with health training, as well as the aspects that enhance the learning environment, with the latter variable achieving a better overall behavior. The application of the methodological triangulation technique allowed contrasting the results of the expert consultation with updated bibliographic sources, denoting convergence between both.Conclusions: The exploratory study carried out made it possible to highlight aspects that strengthen the organizational climate and the learning environment in health careers, as well as others that should be strengthened in university management, to improve the working conditions of teachers and therefore, the result. of their professional activity.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between psychosocial factors and alcohol consumption among third-year students at a public technological higher education institute in Huaraz, Peru.Methods: The study utilized a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional and correlational design. A total of 232 students were assessed using an instrument adapted for this study, which demonstrated adequate levels of reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82) and validity (Aiken's V = 0.92).Results: Regarding the main findings related to alcohol consumption, it was observed that 61.21% of the participants reported occasional alcohol consumption. In contrast, 31.48% reported no alcohol consumption, and 4.31% reported frequent consumption. In this regard, a significant relationship was identified between psychosocial factors and alcohol consumption among third-year students at a public technological higher education institute in Huaraz, Peru.Conclusions: The study concludes by examining the significant relationship between psychosocial factors, including sociodemographic, socioeconomic, sociocultural, and family variables, and alcohol consumption. Based on these findings, it is crucial to direct future research efforts towards addressing this issue.

Introduction: The pattern of "ST-segment elevation in aVR" in acute coronary syndrome is associated with increased mortality.Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the pattern of "ST-segment elevation in aVR" and nonlethal cardiovascular complications.Methods: Observational cross-sectional study, with analytical component of all patients admitted with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome at the "Manuel Fajardo" University Hospital of Havana between 2016 and 2020.Results: Female gender predominated in the first group, with an average age of 78 years. There was incidence of ischemic heart disease (75 % and 56.4 %) and arterial hypertension (78.8 % and 85.8 %). A significant statistical relationship was determined between the pattern with ST-segment elevation in aVR and cardiovascular complications with a relative risk of 5.769 times.Conclusions: ST-segment suprathreshold pattern in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome predicts non-lethal in-hospital cardiovascular complications.

Objective: To determine the determining factors of diabetes in Peru in the context of COVID-19 based on data processing from the Demographic and Family Health Survey 2020 of module 1640 (Health)-CSALUD01 and module 1630 (Characteristics of housing)-RECH23 published by the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI).Methodology: Quantitative approach, with a type of explanatory research. The data was obtained from the 2020 Demographic and Family Health Survey data files of module 1640 (Health)-CSALUD01 and module 1630 (Characteristics of housing)-RECH23 published on the INEI web portal:Results: The binary logistic regression model shows in the assertiveness matrix that it better predicts Yes (100%) than No (93.7%), being the elaborated model the one that has correctly classified 96.3% of the cases. The increase in the relative probability of having diabetes in the context of COVID-19 is mainly associated with the diagnosis of arterial hypertension (2.36), age (0.57), obesity (0.46), poverty (0.20); while the relative probability that the condition of suffering diabetes decreases is to have health insurance (-0.49), consumption of fruits (-0.45) and vegetables (-0.34).Conclusions: The statistically significant factors that explain the probability of being diagnosed with diabetes mellitus are economic factors (poverty), health factors (obesity, arterial hypertension, depression, tiredness, sleep), cultural factors (consumption of fruits and vegetables), and variables social (age).