ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2393-6193, 1510-3714
Vargas Portillo, Patricia
Universidad Católica del Uruguay
Resumen
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
Lucena-Giraldo, Javier; García de la Cruz, José Manuel
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
This study focus on structural changes and their efficiency in Argentina and Brazil between 1980 and 2008, as result of interaction between technological change and innovations and complementarities. To this aim, a general equation of structural change and three partial equations of its components have been estimated. According to the results of the study, there was no structural change-led growth in Argentina. There was a positive but weak response in Brazil, pointing to the need to improve the coordination of the innovation system and articulation of its productive structure.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
Padilla, León; Marín, Eduardo
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
Applying Unsupervised Machine Learning techniques to a set of nominal variables (based on the optimum currency area [OCA] theory and the Maastricht Treaty criteria) and industrial indicators (based on similar production patterns), this paper aims to identify potential candidates for a monetary integration in South America (SA). The main conclusion is that, according to the clustering of the nominal and industrial indicators, the countries in best position for a hypothetical monetary integration in SA are Chile, Colombia, and Perú (and Ecuador to a lesser extent); countries that are generally members of the same cluster. This group of economies, which belong to the Pacific Alliance, are in a better position to meet various criteria for regional monetary integration, such as nominal convergence and similar production patterns.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
Boundi Chraki, Fahd
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
This study applies the second generation of panel cointegration techniques in conjunction with those estimators that control cross-sectional dependence to test the plausibility of the classical approach to capital accumulation in Canada, Mexico, and the United States from 1960 to 2019 empirically. The findings suggest that private investment is positively related to the profit rate, unit labour costs, and growth in demand in both the short and long-run, while the causality analysis indicates potential feedback loops between the variables.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
Herrarte Sánchez, Ainhoa; Bellido Gómez-Salcedo, Fernando
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
This article analyzes the gender gap in wages and access to managerial positions among university graduates in 12 European countries and explores the capability of work-family balance policies to close these gaps. Using the REFLEX database, we apply the coarsened exact matching algorithm to construct a balanced sample of women and men with the same academic characteristics (field of study, internships, and academic achievement, among others). The analysis reveals that the academic program characteristics play a relevant role in labor market outcomes as the gender gaps diminish when controlling for academic features. We find that gender differences in hourly wages and access to top wages are smaller in countries with longer paid paternity leaves and larger enrollment rates of children aged 0-3 years in preschools. In contrast, work-family reconciliation policies have little effect on the constraints women face in accessing high-level positions that require strong commitment and availability.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
Gaytán Alfaro, Edgar David
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
This research pretends to be an information reference within the USMCA economic integration framework and, thereby promote a free trade area configuration for North America that results in a greater degree of inclusion of the mexican productive apparatus, acording to the articulation of the branches that define it. For this purpose, a multisectorial information structure is presented that expresses the productive fabric of the region, analyzing the perspective of Mexico as a producer and supplier of intermediate goods, through the (Structural Analysis Databases) STAN-OECD industrial classification scheme, for wich it used an input-output model formulated by feedback and spill-over criteria. The results shows the branches in wich Mexico plays a leading role and identifies the most relevant transactions determinated by wealth flows and the integration of its exchange dynamics.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
Informality and Unemployment Duration of Youth People in Latin America. Special Reference to Ecuador
Da Silva Bichara, Julimar; Robayo, Cristian Castillo; Delgado, Jorge Luis
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
Los jóvenes de América Latina tienen graves dificultades para integrarse al mercado laboral. La tasa de desempleo juvenil y de informalidad laboral son muy elevadas. Las investigaciones sobre este tema son escasas, centradas en la oferta (capital humano) y poco concluyentes, sobre todo en un contexto de elevada informalidad laboral, como es el caso Latinoamérica. Por ello, este artículo busca contribuir al debate sobre el desempleo juvenil en América Latina, estimando las principales características del fenómeno (probit), así como los determinantes de la duración (modelo de Kaplan Meier) del desempleo juvenil en Ecuador, y el papel jugado por la informalidad.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
González Romo, Adrián; Ortiz Zarco, Ruth; Orozco, Luis
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
The objective is to determine the relationship between the openness of markets and human development in Mexico and France for the period 2000–2019. A comparative analysis is carried out by looking at the effect of migration (measured by the inflow of remittances) and the opening of capital markets and trade on the Human Development Index in both countries. Estimations are based on a Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive model. Results show that Foreign Direct Investments has a positive influence on HDI in both countries, but remittances seem to contribute more to human development, in Mexico, than trade and capital liberalization do.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
Ruesga Benito, Santos Miguel; Pérez, Javier Baquero
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
This article examines the relationship between social origin and the probability of being overeducated or overskilled. Using PIAAC microdata for EU countries, we carried out an econometric analysis, which examine the importance of parents having higher education on the probability of individuals being overeducated and/or overskilled. The results show that workers whose parents have high levels of education are less likely to be overeducated for a young cohort, while this effect disappears for an older sample. However, these individuals will be more likely to be overskilled, given the greater cultural capital received in their families. This occurs for both cohorts.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1576-0162, 1576-0162
Ripollés, Jordi; Vidal Meliá, Lidia
Universidad de Huelva
Resumen
This paper empirically analyzes the convergence and interdependence of environmental taxes in Europe from 1998 to 2018. Our results evidence a lack of European integration and reveal a group of converging countries characterized by a lowering tax burden. Moreover, a subsequent spatial regression analysis supports that the converging countries exhibit a significantly greater sensibility to the neighboring environmental tax policies, compatible with some degree of cross-country tax competition.
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