Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Music is the art of combining sounds harmonically that motivate the subject according to his tastes and preferences, being a method used in the teaching-educational processes to favor the effectiveness of learning. Its application in the processes of concentration and motor development can exert a positive influence, being necessary to determine the assumptions that limit or favor its effects in a given process.      Objective: To determine the influence of music on several components of psychomotor development and concentration in children (8-10 years old).Methods: A quasi-experimental research was carried out, selecting two independent groups (Experimental Group: 40 subjects; Control Group: 41 subjects) of children (8-10 years old) under a non-probabilistic intentional sampling, applying a musical background in the experimental group, and evaluating 6 psychomotor variables and the level of concentration in both groups.Results: No significant differences were evidenced in the level of concentration between independent groups (p=0.946), while three psychomotor variables did present significant differences (CDM: p=0.000; CDG: p=0.014 and MS: p=0.014), and three psychomotor variables did not present significant differences (CE: p=0.573; RM: p=0.720 and AS: p=0.444).Conclusions: Favorable results were presented in the psychomotor aspect in 3 variables analyzed, and not significant in the other 3 variables, showing that in those psychomotor variables where the integral coordination pattern has greater relevance, music favors the related muscular movements. However, the influence of music on concentration was not satisfactory, showing the need to deepen the results.

Introduction: Primary biliary cholangitis is a chronic and progressive liver disease. Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid has extended the life expectancy of these patients.Objective: To describe the therapeutic response to ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.Methods: Descriptive, longitudinal and ambispective study in patients treated at the Institute of Gastroenterology between September 2003 and January 2020. Clinical, laboratory, histological and therapeutic variables were evaluated. The analysis of the results was performed with the SPSS package.Results: Forty-five patients were included, with a predominance of female gender (95.6%) and a average age of 54 years. Low levels of aspartate amino transferase (p=0.009 HR=0.98) and alkaline phosphatase (p=0.005, HR=0.99), as well as the presence of overlap syndrome (p=0.046 HR=3.08) were associated with a better response to ursodeoxycholic acid. Less than half of the patients responded to conventional treatment with UDCA (47.7 %), most of the non-responders suffer from liver cirrhosis (68 %). No differences were observed in patient survival according to their response to treatment (p =0.585).Conclusions: Therapeutic response was effective in less than half of those treated with ursodeoxycholic acid. Liver cirrhosis, overlap syndrome, and elevated aspartate amino transferase and alkaline phosphatase levels were associated with poor therapeutic response.

Introduction: Laser refractive surgery with surface techniques is a frequent procedure in myopic patients.Objective: To evaluate the quality of life related to visual function in myopic patients who underwent photoablative refractive surgery with corneal surface techniques.Methods: An experimental study was performed in 162 myopic patients (324 eyes) who underwent excimer laser refractive surgery, distributed by sequential assignment in two surgical treatment groups: laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy and photorefractive keratectomy, both with mitomycin C. Uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, average keratometry, axial length and quality of life measured with the NEI VFQ-25 questionnaire were the comparison variables between both surgical techniques.Results: Female gender with mild myopia predominated, and ages ranged from 21 to 28 years. Visual acuity and spherical equivalent improved significantly with both procedures and average keratometry decreased from 3 to 4 diopters. The NEI-VFQ25 survey showed improvement in the groups studied. There were no differences between both procedures.Conclusions: Quality of life relative to visual function improves with both surface techniques with no difference between them. 

Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type i is a hereditary, autosomal dominant, multisystemic, progressive disease with complete penetrance and variable manifestation. The analysis of families with molecular markers allows diagnosis by indirect methods.Objectives: To study two Cuban families with at least one case of neurofibromatosis type i and to identify the alleles resulting from the polymorphism for molecular diagnosis.Methods: A descriptive study of two families with at least one case of neurofibromatosis type i was performed. DNA was extracted with the saline precipitation technique and polymerase chain reaction was used for amplification of the fragment of interest. Enzymatic digestion was performed with the RsaI enzyme to analyze the alleles of the polymorphism studied and then to perform electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel.Results: The most frequent clinical manifestations were café-au-lait spots, axillary and inguinal freckles and bone lesions. Alleles 1 and 2 were detected when analyzing the polymorphism in the samples. The allele frequencies were 38.5 % and 61.5 % respectively.Conclusions: The main clinical manifestations in patients were identified. The technique for polymorphism analysis allowed the molecular study in the families with neurofibromatosis type i. The alleles of the molecular marker and their frequencies were detected. Molecular diagnosis of suspected individuals was performed.

Introduction: CrossFit represents an interesting fitness paradigm for exercise and sports medicine professionals. However, it is still unknown whether the repetition rate of this type of physical training influences cardiovascular responses and perceived exertion.Objective: To find the relation between the repetition rate of the CrossFit WOD Karen to heart rate and the perceived exertion in physically active subjects.Methods: A descriptive-correlational study with a quantitative approach was performed with a non-probabilistic sample of 20 subjects. During the application of the WOD Karen test and the Course-Navette test, heart rate was monitored with pulsometers; perceived exertion was assessed through the Borg CR-10 scale and repetition rate was calculated using a mathematical equation. Data were analyzed with the PSPP statistical package and the Spearman's correlation coefficient was used.Results: Relative training intensity (r = -0.67) and subjective perception of effort (r = -0.68) were negatively related in women. In both genders there was no significance (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Women with a faster repetition rate had a lower heart rate and lower perceived exertion.

Introduction: Thyroid function parameters in pregnant women are modified during pregnancy and are specific for each population.Objective: To establish reference values for thyrotropin and thyroid hormones in a population of Cuban pregnant women.Methods: Cross-sectional study, in the Plaza de la Revolución municipality, of 362 pregnant women without personal or family history of thyroid disease, with negative anti-thyroid antibodies and absence of lesions in the thyroid ultrasound. Maternal age, gestational age, race, smoking, number of pregnancies, use of iodine supplements, body mass index, thyrotropin, total (TT4) and free (FT4) thyroxine, total (TT3) and free (FT3) triiodothyronine were analyzed. Reference intervals were established for each parameter using the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles as lower and upper limits, respectively.Results: The reference values in the first, second and third trimesters were for thyrotropin 0.1-3.3 mIUI/L, 0.6-3.4 mIU/L and 0.3-3.9 mIU/L; for TT4 90.1-204.1 nmol/L, 92.2-189.2 nmol/L and 79.8-170.4 nmol/L; for FT4 7.3-16.7 pmol/L, 6.3-17.3 pmol and 5.6-12.7 pmol/L; for TT3 1.8-3.9 nmol/L, 1.8-3.9 nmol/L and 1.7-4.0 nmol/L and for FT3 1.0-7.4 pmol/L, 0.7-6.3 pmol/L and 0.7-5.4 pmol/L, respectively.Conclusions: Reference values for thyrotropin and thyroid hormones were determined for the first time in a population of Cuban pregnant women. These values differ from those established by the manufacturer of the diagnostic kits and from those recommended by previous international guidelines.

Objective: To determine the relationship between social support and socioemotional competencies in Peruvian university students, Hermilio Valdizán National University, Huánuco-Perú, post-COVID-19 context.Methods: The work had a quantitative approach of correlational type with cross-section 353 male and female students randomly selected from different faculties of the Hermilio Valdizán National University, Huánuco-Perú, 2022 participated and responded to two self-report type scales, one of social, family, and friend support and another of socio-emotional competencies. Correlation analysis was performed using Spearman's Rho non-parametric statistical test.Results: 84.1% of the students presented a medium level of socio-emotional skills; in the same way, 52.1% perceived social support as medium level. The positive correlation between perceived social support and socio-emotional competence was moderate, with p≤0.000, and the dimensions of social support, such as family and friend support, also showed a positive and significant correlation, all with p≤0.000.Conclusions: The social support that young university students have is modestly related to the development of the socio-emotional competence under study.

Introduction: Chronic gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa that can be caused by various reasons, such as excessive alcohol consumption, Helicobacter pylori infection, or prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Objective: To describe the characteristics of chronic gastritis. Methods: It was a study corresponding to the exploratory level, aided by hermeneutics to interpret the bibliographic review carried out in the SCOPUS and Webscience databases. It was descriptive, observational, cross-sectional and retrospective. Results: It was evidenced that gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach that can be confirmed by histological analysis and can sometimes include structural changes in the mucosa. There are different types of chronic gastritis that are classified according to their pathology or etiology: chronic atrophic and non-atrophic gastritis are based on pathology, while chronic gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori, autoimmune, neither associated with Helicobacter pylori nor autoimmune and iatrogenic are based on etiology. Infection caused by Helicobacter pylori is the main etiologic factor in chronic active gastritis. Worldwide, infection caused by Helicobacter pylori is the main etiologic factor of chronic active gastritis. Conclusions: Chronic gastritis is a common condition that may increase the risk of developing other serious diseases, such as gastric cancer, chronic kidney disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Na virada de século, uma série de países sul-americanos inauguraram dinâmicas de relações Estado-movimentos subalternos não antes experimentadas na América Latina. Os históricos vínculos entre as lideranças partidárias e as dos movimentos, muitas vezes sobrepostos, inclusive, produziram tanto uma oportunidade quanto reforçaram um dilema histórico: contar ou não contar com o Estado nas táticas de lutas? Partindo do pressuposto de que os Estados-nação não são blocos homogêneos e tampouco idênticos entre si, argumento neste texto que o contexto político importa para a análise da ação dos movimentos subalternos porque toda a ação produz efeitos nos contextos; e vice-versa. Sendo assim, busquei aqui responder quais são as condições estruturais-estruturantes mínimas, dentre outras, do sistema-mundo capitalista-colonial que devem ser acionadas e operacionalizadas para que a análise da ação dos movimentos articule contexto e ação. Tratando-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, levada a cabo com base em trabalhos anteriores próprios e em revisão da literatura especializada, os resultados indicam que a identificação dos projetos políticos, dos tipos de governo e das dinâmicas das relações internacionais (associações diplomática e macroeconômica) pode ser uma forma promissora para a definição de padrões tendenciais de relações Estado-movimentos que terminarão caracterizando-se como integrativos-cooperados ou violentos-hostis.