Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Labour informality has major relevance on the world economy and Colombia is no exception; historically the country has been characterised by elevated rates of informality related to poverty indicator variables. The purpose of the document is to analyse this relation in the 13 main cities and metropolitan areas of Colombia, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. With this objective, the study performs a simple correlation analysis and a probit model that measures the impact of the variables that integrate the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) and socio-demographic variables (age and gender) on the probability of being informally employed. The results expose that Monetary Poverty is the variable that has the most impact in this probability. Finally, this document highlights the importance of reducing informality in order to advance in the achievement of the national goals related to The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

This study examines the possible influence of formalising women's cooperatives on Jordan's informal economy. At the same time, to produce empirical evidence from a theoretical perspective, we study how the crucial challenges of the informal economy affect formalisation. This is an empirical study, both descriptive and inferential, in which several databases are used to extract the relevant data from the sample of 66 Jordanian women's cooperatives in the period from 2011 to 2020. A dynamic panel data model is used for the study variables with controlling for specific fixed effects. The findings indicate that the formalisation policy in the cooperative sector does not affect the informal economy. Instead, the challenges significantly affect the informal economy.

The objective of this research is to offer a trajectory of the factors that determine that Mexican heads of families decide to participate in the most visible informal microenterprise sector; before and during COVID-19. The data from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH) and prepared by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI) of Mexico have been used and a Heckit model has been applied for its treatment and analysis. The findings show that income is the main cause of the informal economy of the heads of family, thus confirming the choice as a solution to economic difficulties. In addition, it is shown that there is a labor supply that excludes the demand with a higher educational level. In addition, informal enterprises are identified by higher remuneration for time spent, flexibility and reduction in working time, participation of more household members, and lower remuneration for women.

This article proposes the characterization and analysis of domestic work in various European economies based on its definition and the clarification of the measurement criteria. Next, an analysis of domestic work is carried out in a selection of European countries, focusing on the trends before and after the arrival of the pandemic. The results allow us to conclude that the southern European countries require a regulatory change that promotes the improvement of working conditions in this sector and that, in turn, respond to the care needs of many households with economic difficulties.

Informality is a structural feature of the Mexican labor market of great quantitative and qualitative importance. However, largely due to the confinement of the population, millions of informal jobs were lost in the first months of the pandemic, leading to the relative formalization of the labor market. Subsequent percentages of informality have reached the same levels as prior to the economic crisis. In this article we analyze the evolution of informality during the first year of the pandemic and examine its determinants during this period using a logit model. The analysis illustrates some of the characteristics of the uneven recovery of the Mexican labor market.

In this paper, a comparative analysis between the main political citizen attitudes before the crisis in Iceland and Spain is carried out. After a brief review of political and economical antecendents, it was concluded that in Spain, as well as in Iceland, the key explanatory factors of the deep economic imbalances are located at the institutional sphere. The excesses are related in both cases to political clientelism and to diverse corruptions practices, in such a way that even the alarming signs that preceded “the official date” of the economic crisis, no convenient measures were adopted in time. In this context, the crisis has played a catalyst role, accelerating the demands aimed at achieving a better performance of the democratic system in both countries. Distrust in politicians and in political parties, as well as in other formal institutions, has not been translated neither in lack of confidence in the democracy system per se, nor in poltical apathy. Moreover, the discontent has been in both cases translated into both formulae of more political informal participation and of a greater support to more direct democracy, though through differents channels and with different results. In the discussion, diverse hypotheses are explored in order to explain the main findings in the comparative analysis. On the one hand, some of the variables associated to small-states literature are taken into account, in order to argue the main differences found out between the Spanish and Icelandic cases. On the other, diverse hypotheses from the political science literature are considered in search of a plausible explanation of the major parallelisms found.

The goal of this article is to analyze a passage of The Well of Loneliness by Radclyffe Hall in which racism and religion jointly create a scene full of spiritual elements and analogies between the Black experience and sexual inversion, and to verify whether such elements remain in the translation by Ulyses Petit de Murat. Through an analysis of specific fragments, decisions by the translator were discovered that affect the characterization of African American characters and also enable an interpretation by Spanish-speaking readers different to the one intended by the author for the original readers. The originality of this research lies in the fact that existent literature on The Well… focuses on its censorship in Spain, but not on the translation itself, particularly of ideological elements such as racism and religion.