Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The study of the History and Philosophy of Science allows a better understanding of the concepts and scientific evolution, contributing for the science in order to be perceived in a coherent way, displacing fragmented conceptions of knowledge or the belief in the absolute truth. This work aims to present a proposal for an imagery resource for the historical contextualization of Isaac Newton in an inclusive room, containing deaf and hearing students. The resource was produced by the selection of representative images on the topic under study and also contains support texts to help the teacher who intends to apply it. With the implementation of the proposal, it is intended to make the class more attractive for the deaf student, in addition to motivating all the students to understand the dynamic of scientific constructions. In addition, the proposal humanizes the teaching of Physics and contributes to the formation of critical and reflective citizens, whether deaf or hearing.

Informal Territory is proposed as an alternative to the processes and concepts that describe informal access to housing and land. Unlike related terms, Informal Territory welcomes the materialization of informality in different locations and scales, whether in central, pericentral and/or peripheral areas, and urban and/or rural areas. Methodologically, it is proposed as a working concept since its theoretical and empirical discussion continues to develop. Its approach is based on the analysis of four territories in northern Chile, where 120 interviews were conducted. Informal Territory embraces different forms of production and agency, including the political strategies and projects behind each occupation. Produced by vulnerable families with low-middle and low incomes, and speculative subjects such as sub-lessors, managers, pirate developers and owners. Informal Territory is also conceived as the concatenation of any individual or collective practice to design living alternatives, responding to obsolete and restrictive housing proposals of the State. Exposing the existence of barriers, facilitators and strategies, the Informal Territory evidences the overlapping of different political projects, like self-management, and self-construction, led mainly by women heads of household, in the course of strategies to settle, eradicate or materialize other residential projects.

Los estudios a escala de paisaje brindan una visión integrada de la realidad al considerar los componentes naturales y culturales de la misma en conjunto. A través de las unidades de paisaje se pueden identificar áreas homogéneas partiendo de los elementos que componen el paisaje en su integridad. El trabajo propone determinar y caracterizar las unidades de paisaje, denominadas Unidades Ambientales (UA) que conforman la Cuenca Inferior del Río Chubut (CIRCh), y establecer su configuración histórico-ambiental en el período 1865 a la actualidad. La información se obtuvo a través del reconocimiento del territorio en un Sistema de Información Geográfico superponiendo capas hidrológicas, geológicas, edafológicas, entre otras, y por análisis bibliográfico y cartográfico acerca del asentamiento de la población en el período estudiado. Se delimitaron tres UA: 1- el Valle Inferior del Río Chubut (VIRCh), 2- las Terrazas y Mesetas y 3- el Monte. La superficie total de la CIRCh es 570.768 ha, y cada UA ocupa un área de 78.600 ha, 99.589 ha, y 392.579 ha respectivamente, es decir, 13,77%, 17,44% y 68,78%. Se espera que este estudio constituya un insumo para caracterizar la evolución del uso del suelo y la detección de problemáticas ambientales vinculadas a cada UA.

The establishment of Protected Areas in return for the advancement of society's pressures on ecosystems and natural landscapes is considered as the main strategy for the preservation of biodiversity on our planet. Several principles and methods have been formulated and applied in recent decades in order to optimize the selection, planning and management of these areas. On the other hand, Landscape Geoecology as an integrative and transdiciplinary scientific approach, provides an important basis for understanding the complex dynamics between society and nature, providing through selected criteria and indicators, the analysis and diagnosis of landscape units, which allow this process to be properly carried out. selection, planning and management of protected areas. Therefore, the objective of this work is the exposure and analysis of the theoretical and methodological aspects used by landscape geoecology for selection, planning and management, of Protected Areas, providing the basis for its application in specific cases.

A geoinformatic and spatial analysis of the Quebrada de los Arrieros area is herein presented; we detail the methodology used for the construction of a Geographic Information System which allowed us in turn to reconstruct a network of roads and archaeological structures. Results are described in respect of the elements that compose the network, their associations and functionality. Finally, we discuss the thematic and methodological contributions of this type of analysis.

La adecuada ordenación territorial es uno de los problemas a los que se enfrentan las ciudades del futuro. Aunque esta situación afecta a cualquier asentamiento poblacional, debe prestarse especial atención a las dinámicas registradas en las grandes urbes, pues se han convertido durante las últimas décadas en el principal polo de atracción demográfica. Con la intención de cuantificar y catalogar la evolución distintos modelos urbanísticos, el presente estudio ha desarrollado una serie de indicadores territoriales en base a la cartografía catastral, así como sus correspondientes modelos predictivos según determinadas variables socioeconómicas, capaces de explicar la dinámica seguida durante las últimas décadas. Como resultado, se ha comprobado como los booms constructivos, la emigración, la catalogación del suelo y la superficie municipal han sido los agentes más influyentes sobre los actuales ratios de dispersión urbanística.

Political ecology seeks to bring traditional concepts from Social Sciences such as justice, equality, equity, or distribution to have a correlate within the socio-ecological systems that inhabit humans. This article seeks to discuss how certain issues of political ecology will interweave in the constituent debate that Chile is about to have to develop a new political Constitution. Here, a discussion is structured, supported by a bibliographic review on how people's conceptions of nature, the problems, and environmental injustices they experience are going to be essential for the development of this new Magna Carta. Likewise, the experiences of two local socio-environmental conflicts in San Pedro de la Paz (urban horticulturists) and Freirina (impact of agribusiness) together with the analysis of different surveys (National Environment Survey, the Instituto Nacional de Derechos Humanos environmental conflict’s map and Eurobarometer).

Tourism from its initial stage generates socio-environmental impacts in the receiving place and it is important to analyze them to determine the situation in which a destination is found. This research analyzes the perceptions of residents regarding the tourist activity in Puerto Ayora – Galapagos, taking into account environmental, economic, socio-cultural and political factors that may influence the attitudes of residents and the potential involvement of said factors in tourism planning and development. Surveys directed at residents were applied in order to collect quantitative information, which was complemented by semi – structured interviews directed at people who work in tourism. The results of this study suggest that perceptions towards tourism change significantly depending on the degree of local development and the use of tourist resources by residents. Among them it is highlighted that tourism is perceived as beneficial mainly when it increases employment opportunities and economic income. On the other hand, perceptions turn negative when residents are dissatisfied with tourism planning, when migration increases due to the resources obtained, when pollution is generated by activity and when income is not divides equally

Los festivales culturales constituyen un poderoso instrumento para promover la cultura, el arte, el empleo, la reconfiguración de las actividades productivas y el desarrollo local.  El caso de estudio es el Festival Internacional de Artes Vivas Loja, FIAVL. El objetivo es analizar las externalidades que produce el FIAVL y los determinantes de la Disposición a Pagar, DAP. A partir de una encuesta se identifican las externalidades, debido a que este evento cultural es un bien público para su valoración se utiliza el método de valoración contingente, además a través de un modelo probabilístico se identifican los determinantes de su demanda. Como resultado, la DAP es del 55%, sus determinantes son: el grado de bienestar percibido, nivel de educación superior o más, asistir al evento y vivir en el centro de la ciudad, esto evidencia que la localización del evento en el casco histórico de la ciudad pone en evidencia las desigualdades sociales y espaciales que existen en la ciudad. Estos indicadores permiten conocer la viabilidad del evento y diseñar políticas públicas que partan de iniciativas gubernamentales, que den protagonismo a la ciudadanía y sus capacidades locales tan necesarias para promover el desarrollo local.

The densification of the urban spaces reduces heat dissipation leading to the appearance of urban heat islands (UHI) that contribute to environmental deterioration and the decrease in the well-being of the population. This phenomenon manifests itself with the increase in soil surface temperatures (SST) because of the consumption of heat-permeable spaces due to the expansion and densification of the city. Taking advantage of the radiometric and thermal attributes of the LANDSAT images, this research analyzed the incidence of urban density stratification between 1987-2018 on the dynamics of TSS in the city of Tijuana, Baja California. Specifically, a statistical validation of a possible relationship between urban density classes and their respective TSS was performed. The results seem to indicate that the urban densities stratification is an approach of many lessons to decipher the dynamics of the urban landscape. However, it is not the appropriate tool to discriminate land cover by the SST.