Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article aims to analyse the role of women as the objects and subjects of desire in Western culture through self-portraits. To do so, we have selected three case studies which coincided with the development of mass society and the evolution of photography. A three-stage analysis of photographic images not only allows us to take a closer look at the selected artists’ work but also enables us to understand the current situation of women in the art system. We will initially approach the first years of photography through the Countess of Castiglione. Then, we will focus on the figure of Vivian Maier, whose work was only recently discovered. Thirdly, the work of Linder Sterling has been chosen as an example of British counterculture during the 1970s.

Through this article, we intend to give a new vision of the relationship between women and photography in the nineteenth century, focusing on Madrid between 1860 and 1880, through the Colección Castellano, preserved in the Spanish National Library. We pretend to highlight the active role of women in the development of the new medium as an agent of expression and social communication. For this purpose, we will study both the “woman model” —and the power she exercises over her own body— as well as the “woman photographer” and the tension that exists between both of them.

Through this communication, the evolution of the women´s presence in the field of the most important agencies of photography at international level is questioned. Using a quantitative methodology, the data obtained of the statistics developed do not offer an encouraging picture for the female gender within the photographic agencies. After analyzing by sex the members of the staff of six different agencies between 1933 and 2001, the results show an inequality scenario regardless the period and the origin of each company, this fact reflects an imbalance shared by all the western countries and has nothing to do with the current situation nor the training stage, where female presence in classrooms is higher than the male one.

The present research aims to analyze Nasrallah’s image as Hezbollah’s charismatic leader, as defined by Weber and House’s contributions. This analysis is based on the image created of his persona through televised speeches, posters and entertainment venues such as Mleeta Landmark. The characteristics of democratic discourse and terrorist propaganda are also introduced in order to ascertain which traits are present in his oratory. We conclude that, through these techniques, he is defined as a charismatic figure which is both accessible and omnipotent, with a great social impact due to the combination of the aforementioned strategies.

The contribution analyses subversive strategies in the art of women photography of the 20th century with a focus on the examples of Claude Cahun, Cindy Sherman and Ouka Leele. These artists are considered to be key examples of the practice of nomadism. A strategy, as it is intended to demonstrate, which denies traditional conceptions of fixed identities which are substituted by a strategy of ironic play with masks and identities deconstructing the models and myths of patriarchal discourse and its heteronormative gaze.

The state of crisis is inherent in . It is represented in a genre that was nourished by the cultural baggage of several directors whose Central European origin and Jewish ancestry conditioned the narrative and aesthetic resources that would be used to capture the drama and anguish of film noir. One of the key elements of representation of these crises was music, both incidental and diegetic. Due to the eminently realistic nature of this cinema, we will focus on the second and, specifically, the so called classical music. After viewing fifty films from the Golden Age of film noir in Hollywood, we observed that this music is used as an element of representation of cultural, social and personal crises, and its functional use plays a crucial role in the survival of the interpretative musical canon, as well as the values associated with its meaning.

The images of Saul’s Son brought back to the centre of the debate the great controversy about what is representable and unrepresentable when the Holocaust is filmed. The purpose of this article is to explain why the film by László Nemes reopened a crisis that seemed to be finished, due to the novelty of its ethical and aesthetic approach. So, this text delves into the two conflicting versions that have capitalized this controversy throughout history —with Lanzmann and Didi-Huberman at the head of each one, respectively— in order to analyze the mentioned hungarian film and demonstrate the originality of its cinematographic bet: his claustrophobic image, the unique viewpoint centralized on the protagonist, the sensorial immersion in hell, the importance of sound or his respect for what happened as his strong points.

Fundamento: en niños con derrame pleural paraneumónico complicado el simple drenaje a través de una sonda pleural resulta insuficiente, lo cual conduce a una evolución tórpida, con desarrollo de formas organizadas del empiema que pueden requerir tratamiento quirúrgico con decorticación. Objetivo: evaluar los resultados de la introducción de la cirugía videotoracoscópica en el tratamiento de niños con derrame pleural complicado. Métodos: se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental en pacientes con derrame pleural paraneumónico complicado en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Eduardo Agramonte Piña de Camagüey, desde enero de 2011 hasta diciembre de 2015. Se compararon dos grupos: el de estudio integrado por pacientes a los cuales se les realizó al menos una cirugía videotoracoscópica y el de control que incluyó pacientes de una cohorte histórica, que cumplieron también los criterios de inclusión, cuya fecha de admisión estuvo entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2010. Las variables para evaluar el resultado primario fueron la resolución del derrame, la necesidad de toracotomía para decorticación y la mortalidad. Resultados: el tiempo de permanencia de la sonda pleural fue superior para el grupo control con una diferencia de 2,3 días promedio. La eficacia de la cirugía videotoracoscópica fue superior para evacuar el derrame pleural y permitió reducir el tiempo de hospitalización en la terapia intensiva, de 10,3 días a 5,4 días promedio, mientras que la reducción de la estadía hospitalaria no fue significativa. Ningún paciente del grupo de estudio requirió decorticación por toracotomía, que fue necesaria en seis pacientes del grupo control. No se reportó mortalidad asociada a la intervención quirúrgica. Conclusiones: la cirugía videotoracoscópica ha demostrado ser eficaz en el tratamiento de niños con derrame pleural paraneumónico complicado, sin asociarse a mortalidad o complicaciones graves. DeCS: EMPIEMA PLEURAL/cirugía; CIRUGÍA TORÁCICA ASISTIDA POR VIDEO; TORACOTOMÍA; NIÑO; ENSAYOS CLÍNICOS CONTROLADOS NO ALEATORIOS COMO ASUNTO.

Background: it is unavoidable to improve the abilities of the clinical method in medicine students. Objective: to apply an intervention on clinical method in third-year medicine students. Methods: a quasi-experimental intervention study of one group was carried out in Octavio de la Concepción y la Pedraja Military Hospital, Camagüey from September to February (2013-2014). The universe was composed by 58 third-year students from the major. Dependent variable, knowledge on the aspects of clinical method, and three study dimensions were used: cognitive, procedural and motivational. Results: the three dimensions object of study were evaluated as unsatisfactory at the beginning of the study. Therefore, the dependent variable was inadequate. After the educational intervention the three dimensions were evaluated as satisfactory and the variable as very appropriate. Conclusions: a methodological treatment to the applied system of exercises was offered, favoring the strengthening of education of the clinical method. Also, that improved the three established dimensions. DeCS: METHODS; CLINICAL TRIAL; SOCIAL VALUES; HEALTH EDUCATION; TEACHING.

Background: the suicidal attempt in adolescents is an essential element in the current assistance work from the own professionals of the health. Objective: to characterize the suicidal attempt in adolescents of a community center of mental health. Methods: a descriptive, traverse study was carried out in an area of mental health, with a population of 80 adolescents which left a sample of 41 with suicidal attempts belonging to the polyclinic José Ramón León Acosta in Santa Clara. It was used empiric methods; open interviews, revision of the individual clinical histories and of family health. Results: it prevailed the masculine sex, 82,8 % of the adolescents with ages between the 12 and 15 years old, the 78 % of them began to attempt against their lives. The most frequent causes why they began were the family conflicts and the presence of imitation, it was demonstrated that the adolescents use diverse methods such as toxic substances for a total of 39,0 % and followed by the hanging which represents 24,4 %. Conclusions: the difficulties are related with the inadequate attitudes of the parents and the psychosocial pressure in groups by adolescents that obey a code of companionship. DeCS: SUICIDE, ATTEMPTED; RESILIENCE, PSYCHOLOGICAL; COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTERS; ADOLESCENT; EPIDEMIOLOGY, DESCRIPTIVE.