Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objective of the research was to compare emotional intelligence in three stages of development, considering gender and whether they perform physical activity. Emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive and express emotions. A non-experimental cross-sectional design was carried out. The participants were 325 young people between 18 and 25 years of age (214 women and 111 men); 303 adults between 30 and 59 years old (187 women and 116 men); and 299 older adults aged 65 or over (173 women and 126 men). Participation was voluntary. The TMMS24 was applied to them, which evaluates attention, emotional clarity and repair of emotions, they have a total Cronbach’s alpha of .84. The data was processed through SPSS version 25. According to the results, women have greater attention and repair to their emotions.

This qualitative study had two objectives: the first, to analyse articles that approached Asperger’s Syndrome (AS) based on knowledge from psychology; the second, to suggest possibilities of actions of the psychologist in the context of higher education with demands related to students with AS. For this, a systematic review of articles published in the last 10 years (from January 2011 to June 2021) was carried out, which should be indexed in Latin American databases. The search took place in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Electronic Journals on Psychology (PEPSIC), Network of Scientific Journals of Latin America and Caribe, Spain and Portugal (REDALYC). The search resulted in 23 articles included in the desired criteria, which underwent the qualitative content analysis process. This allowed the construction of the thematic categories: evaluation, literature review, case study and interviews. It was possible to identify only one investigation contextualized in an Institution of higher education, therefore, possibilities of intervention of the psychologist were presented, from a psychosocial and educational perspective, to support the university trajectory of the person with Asperger.

This study aimed to learn the experience of children who have been victims of sexual abuse, about their psychotherapeutic processes. Based on a qualitative approach, data were collected by in-depth interviews carried out with ten children and adolescents aged seven to 14 years old, who started their therapies in their school years. Data was analysed using a narrative approach. The results show that children appraise the psychotherapy as positive, evaluating it as a source of significant support. Furthermore, participants identify the diverse aspects that influence their psychotherapy experiences, such as the therapeutic relationship, play, and approaching the sexual abuse topic in therapy. From the perspectives of children, these three aspects would favour the process of healing from the sexual abuse experience. This study’s findings allowed us to explore psychotherapy experiences from the narratives of children, a field scarcely studied. Finally, implication from the results of this study for the clinical and psychosocial interventions with children who have lived through sexual abuse experiences are discussed.

Introduction: Evidence suggests that college freshmen are a particularly at-risk group for developing depressive symptoms, a situation that has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. These students have had to make use of still developing emotional regulation strategies to cope with hitherto unknown academic stressors. Objective: To evaluate the mediation effect of maladaptive emotional regulation strategies in the relationship between accumulation of academic stressors and depressive symptomatology in first year college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: An on-line survey was applied to 137 Chilean young people aged 18 to 20 years, which evaluated depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), emotional regulation (CERQ) and accumulation of academic stressors (through a questionnaire specifically designed for this study). The indirect effect of emotional regulation was evaluated through simple mediation analysis. Results: Self-blame was the only emotional regulation strategy that mediated the association between academic stress and depressive symptoms. Discussion: This regulation strategy would operate as a mechanism that promotes personal attribution as a response to stress in the absence of context due to virtualization. Proposals for academic authorities are suggested based on these results.

The short form of the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life (IWQOL) is a 31-item self-report, that assesses the influence of weight on life quality in five areas: physical function, self-esteem, sexual life, public distress, and work. The objective of this study was to assess reliability and validity of the instrument in Mexican adults with weight ranging from normal to obese. Participants were 211 women and 98 men recruited from a public university. During a pre-scheduled appointment their weight and high were measured (average BMI = 26.13). Same participants were e-mailed the IWQOL-Lite, and the collateral measure questionnaires: DASS-21, TFEQ-R18, and a Physical Activity item. Internal consistency of the IWQOL-Lite total scale and subscales ranged from α = .82 to .95. The five-factor structure was confirmed with the number of items reduced to 26 via confirmatory factor analysis. Evidence of the convergent validity was obtained via correlations with the above-mentioned collateral measures. Our findings suggest that IWQOL-Lite (26 items) is a psychometrically valid measure that discriminates between different BMI groups and can be used to evaluate the impact of weight in the population of Mexican adults.

This article presents the information produced from the analysis of secondary sources, mainly 69 scientific articles from the Scielo-Chile and Scopus databases, where the aim is to identify what and how research has been conducted on childhood in Chile, in the period between 2005 and 2019. The proposed exercise seeks to identify and characterise the notions behind the ways of conceptualising children. The selected corpus was subjected to a thematic categorical content analysis, from which central categories such as the notion of subject/object, implications for social intervention, and methodologies used emerge. It is concluded that views on childhood coexist, ranging from placing the child as an object of protection, study and care, to considering him/her as a subject of rights.

This research aims to analyse to what extent and direction sexism, gender roles, human values ​​and personality are related, evaluating how the last two variables can explain this relationship. There were 213 participants, with a mean age of 27 years (18 to 60 years; SD = 9.48), most of them female (67.6%). They responded to the Good Sex Roles Inventory, Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, Basic Values ​​Questionnaire and Big Five Personality Factors Inventory. The results identified that only human values ​​positively explain hostile sexism (normative and suprapersonal) and benevolent (normative). And gender roles were explained both by personality traits (femininity —agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extraversion; masculinity —conscientiousness, neuroticism, extroversion, and openness) and by human values ​​(femininity— interactive; masculinity— achievement). It was concluded that evaluative priorities and personality traits play an important role in understanding ambivalent sexism and gender roles today.

Machiavellians are defined as self-interested and manipulative people, who use others as mere means for their ends. The Mach-IV scale consists of 20 items measuring different aspects of Machiavellianism. In this study, we investigate the psychometric properties of the Mach-IV Scale with Argentinian university students. First, we translated and adapted the Mach-IV Scale to the target culture. Second, we evaluated the structure and internal consistency of the scale. Third, we examined the correlation between Mach-IV and Social Value Orientation (SVO), and between the Mach-IV scale and decisions and expectations in a Dictator Game (DG), both in its “give” and “take” versions. None of the structures evaluated showed good indexes of fit. We opted for the original one-factor structure but without items 19 and 20. Assuming such a structure, we observed negative correlations between the Mach-IV scale and SVO, and between the Mach-IV scale and cooperation in the DG. Materials, data, and scripts are available at https://bit.ly/2In6fgI.

This study aimed to perform a screening of depressive symptomatology in Aracaju (Sergipe, Brazil) and to estimate the chances of depression from the social distribution of the sample profile. The instruments used were a clinical and sociodemographic questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory, second edition (BDI-II). The sample was composed of 693 subjects through household data collection. In addition to descriptive analysis, binomial and multinomial logistic regressions analysis were conducted, and the dependent variables were the presence of significant depressive symptoms and the severity levels of the depression in the BDI-II. The explanatory variables were those related to the sociodemographic and clinic sample profiles. The main results were that more than one third of the subjects showed significant depressive symptomatology. Geographic region, sex, chronic disease, age group, and BMI affected the chances of belonging to the group with positive depression diagnosis. Education, work occupation, chronic disease and BMI presented greater effect on the levels of severity of symptoms. Finally, findings are discussed to map the vulnerability to depression in order to reduce underdiagnoses and delays in starting appropriate psychological and psychiatric treatments.

The investigation of the psychological impact of using social networks allows the development of strategies to promote mental health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the sociodemographic variables, optimism, satisfaction with life, affections, and frequency of use of social networking sites (SRS). 257 Brazilians adults participated in this research, 69% of whom were female, with a mean age of 36 years (SD = 15.32). The Positive and Negative Affections Scale (PANAS), the Life Satisfaction Scale (EVS) and the Life Orientation Test (TOV-R) were used. Age was the most significant variable in the participants' results (in the three measures), followed by the time of using social networks (in satisfaction with life and negative affects). Participants who reported using SRS for five hours or more a day, had lower levels of satisfaction with life and higher levels of negative affect. Older people showed higher averages in optimism and satisfaction with life, as well as less negative affect. It was concluded that the frequency of use on social networking sites can negatively influence the subjective well-being of the population, and the increase in age was favorable to the participants' positive mental health.