Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are multifactorial and the principal stage to acquire these factors is during adolescence. Objective: To determine cardiovascular risk factors in high school students of Ejutla de Crespo, Oaxaca. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was made to determine a Body Mass Index (BMI) and a waist-hip ratio (WHR) among high school students. A frequency of food consumption, 24-hour recall and a questionnaire of international physical activity (IPAQ) were also applied. Results: 165 students aged 15-20, 65.5% women and 34.5% men. 1.2% of them were under weight, 61.8% were at normal weight, and 37% were of combined prevalence (overweight-obesity). A high risk of fat distribution prevailed in both genders determined by the WHR and it is present in 13.8% of inactive subjects. The 40% of subjects were inactive, 44.2% were moderately active and 15.8% were active. 50.3% consume less energy, 11.5% have an adequate consumption and 38.2% consume more energy than the required. The most consumed foods were soda, sweet cereals, fat and oils. Conclusion: These results are similar to those that can be found among adults, which implies that these conditions are not only subjected to adults, but adolescents as well.

Caffeinated energy drinks have become the most ergogenic supplement used in sports. Despite their demonstrated effects on the improvement of physical performance, the administration of this type of beverages has been subject to controversy for decades. The physiological effects that derive from the consumption of caffeine are as follows: relaxation of smooth muscle, stimulation of the central nervous system, improvement of the capacity to perform muscular work, changes in cardiac parameters, increase in fat oxidation, use of triglycerides by muscle and decreased glycogenolysis, as well as in the concentration of blood glucose. Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is found in its natural form in the leaves, fruits and seeds of different plants. The aim of this review is to analyze the effects of caffeine as an ergogenic supplement in athletes and the general population, according to the information available in the current scientific literature.

In June 2011, in the first paragraph of the article 1st of the Constitution, a reference to human rights was introduced, which imposes to the authorities an obligation to promote, respect, protect and guarantee these rights in their respective fields. As the protection of human rights is the most important part of their duties, authorities in Public Health should insure that this constitutional right is respected. It is noteworthy that patients’ rights in our country, since 2001 have been included in the “Carta de los Derechos Generales de los Pacientes”, that is a product of a consultation with health experts, academics, NGOs and others, in this letter are contained in 10 articles the principal rights that every patient should have, which include implicit rights such as life, health, information, non-discrimination and freedom, which with the constitutional change, are now seen as human rights, this is why authorities and health care personnnel should reflect on this new judicial status.

The aim of academic tutoring is to decrease the dropout rate and, increase academic performance. At the Universidad de la Costa, a survey was conducted to determine the impact of the Academic Tutoring Program (ATP) within the student community. The study showed the following: The use of a brochure was essential for students to know the purpose of the Academic Tutoring Program (p≤ 0.008). Establishing a trusting environment with the tutor is necessary in order that students articulate academic problems (p≤ 3.139E-18). Students who had learned learning techniques from their tutor put them into practice (p≤7.357E-10), and those who had learned study habits from their tutor implemented them as well (p≤ 3.172E-10).

Este artículo tiene la finalidad de presentar información que permita una mejor comprensión por parte del personal de salud sobre el fenómeno de la enfermedad mental crónica; esto podría ayudar a la detección y tratamiento oportuno, así como, a disminuir la discriminación y el estigma hacia el paciente y su familia. Se presenta al lector una revisión de artículos sobre los síntomas y tratamientos más eficaces para ayudar a personas que sufren algunos de los trastornos mentales más prevalentes en el ámbito de la atención psiquiátrica.

Introduction: Breast cancer, ranks first in incidence by malignancies in women 30 to 54 years old representing the second leading cause of death1. Patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment generally have oral complications and changes in taste2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the taste changes and the effect of nutritional intervention in 41 women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Methods: Four periodic interventions, the first at baseline and subsequent assessments before each cycle of chemotherapy were performed; applying a chemical gustometry and frequency of food consumption validated for Mexicans. Test Wilcoxon was used for dependent samples to determine changes at the beginning and end of the intervention.Results: There was a decrease in weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) of the patients during the study p = 0.000 for both cases could not be established relationship in the clinical stage with BMI by X² test (p> 0.05). Through gustometry flavors: sweet, sour, bitter and salty, it has been concluded that in low dilutions no changes or trends in the course of the four measurements differ, however there are significant changes in concentrations of 2.5% and 5% it decreases the intense perception of sweet taste w = 0.317 p = 0.000, and increases the perception of bitter taste (even in low concentration), and to a lesser degree also increased the perception of saltiness (w = 0.278 p = 0.000, w = 0.317 p = 0.000, respectively).Conclusion: One could observe the change in taste determining that at concentrations of 2.5 to 5% decreases the perception of flavors in women with breast cancer.

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo general, detectar algunos de los principales componentes de la savia de Bocconia frutescens por medio de la técnica de GC-MS. Para tal fin la savia bruta de Bocconia frutescens fue colectada en 300 mL de metanol absoluto a temperatura ambiente y concentrada a 10 µL. La determinación cualitativa de los metabolitos fue llevada a cabo inyectando 2 µL del extracto metanólico en un cromatógrafo de gases marca Varian CP3800 equipado con una columna Factor Four acoplada a un detector selectivo de masas modelo 320MS. Dentro de los resultados fue posible detectar de manera simultánea a la protopina y al α-Tocoferol por GC-MS. Este último compuesto es reportado por primera vez en la savia de esta planta. A partir de este trabajo se demuestra la eficiencia de GC-MS para la detección simultánea de protopina y del α-Tocoferol de la savia de Bocconia frutescens.

This work presents a comparison between the trends of telephony and Internet coverages in Mexico and Chile in the period 1988-2012.Mexico is compared to that South American country because the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) informs that Chile is the highest ranked country in information and communications technologies (ICT) in Latin America since 2002 (Chile, 0.58; México, 0.50). Among other indicators and indices, the main metric to perform this comparative analysis is the New Universal Access Index, generated by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) in 2002. The findings on the analyzed period confirm that Chile has been the first Latin American country regarding presence and usage of ICT. Also, they suggest that a number of causes that determine its higher international ranking are, among others, the following: the existence of an antitrust law since 1959; a literacy level, a gross domestic product (GDP), and a GDP per capita that are higher than those of Mexico; a higher investment in infrastructure, education, and science and technology, and the creation of the Red Enlaces program in the Education Ministry.

El corazón tiene propiedades que lo hacen más que solamente un órgano esencial en nuestro organismo. Antiguamente existía la creencia de que el momento preciso de la muerte ocurría cuando el corazón dejaba de latir, aunque poseía aún la capacidad de hacerlo durante algunos minutos después de que se consideraba que su dueño había dejado de existir. Fue hasta el año de 1628 cuando el médico inglés William Harvey determinó que el corazón era una especie de bomba que irrigaba la sangre por los vasos sanguíneos. Al calcular la cantidad de sangre que es bombeada por el corazón en cada contracción, Harvey llegó a la conclusión de que la cantidad de sangre bombeada durante dos horas es muy superior a la masa de todo el cuerpo, por lo tanto, la sangre que circula por nuestro organismo es siempre la misma, obligada a circular en repetidas veces a través del corazón. El famoso matemático René Descartes estuvo en desacuerdo con las ideas de Harvey acerca del papel que juega el corazón en el proceso de circulación sanguínea. Descartes suponía que el corazón era un órgano parecido a una máquina de vapor, o en caso más extremo a un motor de combustión interna, el cual calentaba la sangre antes de distribuirla para mantener una temperatura corporal adecuada. Según Descartes, desde el comienzo de la vida el calor se concentraba en las paredes del corazón, evaporando inmediatamente a la sangre que pasaba a través de él y así, en ese estado, llegaba a los pulmones, donde sería enfriada paulatinamente por medio de aire.

The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid scale of measurement for eco-innovation in hotel service and based on it delve into environmental outcomes that it can generate, through the analysis of the relationship between eco-innovation and environmental performance, in a sample of 130 hotels located in Oaxaca, Mexico.Principal components analysis with varimax rotation was carried out to evaluate the instrument’s construct validity and examine its internal structure, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated to determine internal consistency of the scale; a correlation analysis was conducted to know the relationship between eco-innovation and environmental performance.The data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical package. Factor analysis revealed four dimensions of eco-innovation: services, processes, marketing and organizational method; these four dimensions explain 78% of the total variance and have a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.941 for the entire scale, with regard to the relationship between eco-innovation and environmental performance. The findings show a positive and significant link between eco-innovation and environmental performance.This research has contributed to the study of eco-innovation in hospitality, this has implications for hotels because eco-innovation is a necessary tool to reduce environmental pressures and it can help to increase competitive positions.