Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The purpose of this research was to analyze if some type of relation existed between the fluctuations of estradiol of the ovarian cycle, two variables of the affectivity, the dysthymia and the euthymia, and the type of emotional attributions, positive, negative or neutral, realized to semantic and facial stimuli. The hormonal levels of 17-ß estradiol have measured up in saliva, across kits ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) in 64 women, aged 18-19 years. The subjects realized the Inventory of Depressive State/Characteristic (IDER) and two tests of emotional attribution, for verbal and facial stimuli, in two moments of the cycle, when the levels of estradiol were high and when these were lower. The studied women obtained significantly top punctuations in the items of eutimia state and in the number of positive attributions realized, with both facial and semantic stimuli, when they were during the more high beak of estradiol, that when the levels of estradiol were low. The results suggest that the estradiol might be one of the influential factors in the modulation and regulation of the positive affective state. This research seeks to give a new approach to strengthen psychological resilience and promote mental health.

High levels of stress and depression among students in health sciences are of substantial university and health systems interest. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the depressive symptomatology and the use of active coping strategies to deal with academic stress. For this, a study involving 485 physiotherapy students of several Spanish universities was designed. Using the depression subescale of the Symptom Check List-90-Revised and the coping scale of Academic Stress Questionnaire (CEA), depressive symtoms and active coping strategies (positive reappraisal, search for social support and strategic resource planning) were measured. The results suggest that students with higher levels of active coping strategies showed lesser depressive syntomatology rates. Cognitive strategies based on positive reappraisal seem to play a particularly important role in the prevention of depressive symptoms. These findings emphasize the relevance of enhancing active coping strategies to promote effective management of academic stress, and thus reducing depressive symptoms in university students of physiotherapy.

Cognitive impairment and dementia are disorders characterized by decreased cognition that affects one or more aspects of it, coming to interfere with activities of daily living of the person. Epidemiological studies have shown strong evidence of association between oral health status and cognitive impairment/dementia. The aim of this study was to determinate the impact of cognitive impairment on oral health of a eldery population. It has been conducted a study based on secondary data of Periodontitis-Dementia study, a case-control study conducted in Granada with 564 patients over 65 years. Cases were older people diagnosed with cognitive impairment or dementia and controls were healthy subjects without cognitive impairment. Data collected were: oral hygiene, teeth present, DMFT, plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth and clinical attachment loss. A statistically significant association was observed between level of cognitive impairment and oral health status, finding a higher level of plaque and bleeding indexes and an association between the extent of periodontal disease and severity of cognitive impairment, after controlling for confounding variables such age, sex, educational level, tobacco or alcohol. There is a statistically significant association between level of cognitive impairment and periodontal health status.

Gender identity satisfaction in boys and girls it is seldom subject of research. We suggest that the difference in satisfaction lies in the assigned roles and gender stereotypes imposed by culture for each gender, being the male role socially most valued. The purpose of this study is to assess the gender identity satisfaction in boys and girls according to sex and age. We worked with a sample of 435 participants from ages of 3 to 7, consisted of 223 girls (50.1%) and 222 boys (49.9%) who were randomly recruited from schools of Navarra for this cross-sectional and descriptive study. We used the semi-structured interview: Boys and girls ¿equal or different? The results obtained showed that satisfaction is high in all ages, but significantly higher in boys, increasing the difference between both sexes with age. Among all ages, the reasons for satisfaction will be based on the assumption of roles and stereotypes assigned to each gender.

Some of the most current research lines in the field of personality psychology, focus on the study of what has come to be called, from Positive Psychology, the field of positive emotions (Fernández-Abascal, 2011; Vazquez, & Castilla, 2007). We understand that the development of these emotions will enhance, not only the personal well-being, but also the effectiveness of the professional work of those who dedicate themselves to the field of Health (Vázquez et al., 2009). The work that is presented has been done on a sample of 280 university students Psychology and Nursing, evaluating the degree of Wellbeing (Psychological Wellbeing Scale (EBP, Ryff, 1989), the dimensions of Personality (Lexicon Taxonomy in Spanish "5G", Iraegui, & Quevedo-Aguado, 2002) and characteristics of Constructive Thinking (Epstein, 1998). The results show significant differences in some of the subscales, more based on the variable Sex than in the differences of Age or Degree; but, in addition, they inform us of behavioral tendencies that link certain personality factors, with scales of Wellbeing and with type of thinking, which make us propose the continuity of this line of work to deepen their interrelationships.

Diabetes mellitus is among the main health problems in Mexico generating challenges to the health system (insufficient staff, little infrastructure, lack of medicines) due to the growing number of cases diagnosed and the increase in deaths. In Mexico, for 2015, 11.463.000 diabetic people were reported, this caused that our country occupies the sixth place in the world in prevalence of this disease (I.F.D, 2015).The objective was to know if coping is related to quality of life in patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2. It was a correlational study; the type of sampling was non-probabilistic of intentional type, in a sample of 230 adults. We used the Stress Coping Questionnaire (CAE, by Sandín & Chorot, 2003) and the DQOL, "Quality of life in diabetes" (Robles, 2003). An invitation was made to the patients through an informed consent letter when they went to the health clinic. The results show that the knowledge, control and treatment that the patients have about the disease is deficient and in addition, there were significant moderate positive correlations between the various factors that integrate each variable studied here, thus, the adjustment and adaptation towards the disease represent important challenges of bio-psycho-social intervention.

Objective: To analyze the motives of the physical-sport practice and the burnout in students of Health Science, attending to the gender. As well as, determine the relationship between health status, age and burnout syndrome. Method: The sample is composed of 188 University students belonging to different degrees in Health Science with ages between 18 and 54 years. To carry out the study, the questionnaire of content of the objectives in the exercise was implemented and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The statistical program SPSS 23 was used for the data analysis. Results: Regarding burnout syndrome according to gender, we found that in the depletion factor, the group of women obtained higher scores, although these differences are not statistically significant, with respect to the group of men. Regarding the reasons for the physical-sporting practice according to gender, although there are no significant differences, the group of women obtains higher scores in the image factor, skill development, social affiliation, and in social recognition, than the group of men. However, the group of men only scores higher in the health direction factor. Conclusions: In this research we find that there are no statistically significant differences in the scores of the five factors of the GCEQ scale, nor in the three factors, exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy according to gender in the university students of Health Science.

Schistosomiasis is the most prevalent parasitic diseases caused by helmints worldwide. Diagnosis is achieved by detecting parasite eggs in the patient´s urine, however, sometimes a cystoscopy is requered due to low sensitivity of direct examination technique. Treatment of choice is praziquantel. Aim of this work was to determine and evaluate the prevalence of bladder Schistosomiasis, its treatment and the performance of diagnostic tests in patients with genitourinary Schistosomiasis. A retrospective study of 4 years in a local hospital was carried out. Collected variables: demographic, concomitant parasitization, associated pathologies, other symptoms (hematuria, eosinophilia), diagnostic confirmation, bladder biopsy, complementary explorations (ultrasound, radiology, flexible cystoscopy), treatment and need for re-treatment. We treated 247 patients with genitourinary Schistosomiasis. Cystoscopy was performed on 44 patients, 28 of them presenting significant findings compatible with Schistosomiasis. All patients received treatment with praziquantel. 22 patients had to receive the treatment again. High prevalence of Schistosomiasis among the immigrant population requires a high level of clinical suspicion in these patients, especially when they present hematuria. Cystoscopy allows obtaining diagnostic confirmation of the disease. Treatment with praziquantel has good tolerance and a high cure rate.

Body and life satisfaction are intimately related during youth and adulthood. However, in old age both processes suffer severe transformations that could significantly modify the nature of this relationship. This study aims to assess whether the relationship between body satisfaction and old age remains stable during old age and what are the factors that determine the nature of this relationship, assessing age, sex, presence of a couple and the environment as study variables. It is used the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ. Cooper, Taylor, Cooper, & Fairburn, 1987, adapted and validated on Spanish population by Raich et al., 1996) to measure body satisfaction, and the Vital Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSV. Sánchez, 2012) to measure life satisfaction. The results indicate that the greatest body dissatisfaction after 65 years of age is directly associated with being a woman, living in an urban environment and having a current partner. After 50 years, body and vital satisfaction continues to correlate strongly for women, but the differences observed according to sex are mediated by the presence of a couple, which has an inverse functioning for men and women, and masks the possible influence of the sex factor in the study participants.

The appearance and expansion of carbapenem producing bacteria constitute a global threat of infections without effective treatment. These bacteria usually offer resistance to all antimicrobial of the first-line, producing infections that are very difficult to treat. carbapenem are antimicrobial of wide spectre and high potenty, and due to that they’re used in patients with serious infections, even when a prior risk to have infection by multi-resistant bacteria (MDR) is low. A great tendency exists to keep the same antibiotic from the beginning of treatment until its end, despite the lack of risk factors to have an infection by bacteria MDR. All this produces an avoidable increase of carbapenem antibiotic consumption. Our objective is to analyze if the infection incidence/colonization by Pseudomona aeruginosa in an Andalusian hospital is reduced after the implantation of a set of persuasive measures directed to the optimization of the treatments with carbapenem and to analyze the consumption of carbapenem antibiotics. The method used in an quasiexperimental-ecological study of temporal series from an Andalusian hospital and a quarterly evaluation of indicators.