Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article analyzes the processes of the publishing market as a way of specifying what were the reasons that allowed a literary work such as that of Yuri Herrera, who was initially denied and forgotten, to be revalued and to position itself strongly within the Mexican cultural field. To do this, we will use the concepts of ‘literature in space’ by Franco Moretti and ‘the symbolic value of publishing markets’ proposed by Pascale Casanova; as well as the ideas of Pierre Bourdieu, James English and Ángel Rama about the cultural importance of the publishing market and literary prestige.

This article aims to analyse the path of the German foreign cultural policy in relationto cinema in Brazil –which began in the 1920s and was interrupted in the early years of the Second World War–, linking the development of political and diplomatic relations and the activities of the agents of this cultural policy, such as the Ufa (Universum Film AG) and German government agencies.

The socialist internationalism arises in the late nineteenth century as an innovative phenomenon for the deployment of a sustained response to the rise of militarism and the “new religion” of patriotism. This debate will have an impact on the Argentine socialism, questioned by the border conflict between Argentina and Chile. The 1890s witness a bellicose escalation and mobilization of various sectors of Argentine society and politics, surmountedby the sanction of compulsory military service in 1901. This work thus focuses on two aspects: on one hand, the reception of the debates of the Second International by the rising Argentine socialism; and on the other hand, the forms of antimilitarism intervention that will shape the profile of the Socialist Party in Argentina.

Physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PFit) positively influence health and quality of life in older adults (OA). HOPE centers in Puerto Rico (PR) provide daily services for OA; thus, representing an ideal place for PA and PFit promotion in this population. However, only one of the 11 centers integrate a regular exercise program, and its effects have not been well documented.   Purpose: Compare PA and PFit among OA in two HOPE centers, one with a regular exercise program (San Germán = SG) and another without such program (Mayaguez = MAY).   Methods: A total of 57 OA (29 in SG, and 28 in MAY) wore an accelerometer for seven days, and completed PFit evaluations (muscle strength and resistance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory fitness, and agility). T-test for independent groups and Chi-Square analyses were conducted to detect differences in means and proportions between the two HOPE centers, respectively; and correlations and regressions to evaluate associations between PA and PFit.   Results: The number of steps/day among OA in the two HOPE centers: SG and MAY, were not different (3626±1831 vs. 3441±1989, P=0.72), nor differences were observed in their moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) (36.0±53.8 vs. 93.8±161.6 min/week, P=0.07). OA in both centers did not reach current PA recommendations; however, those in SG had better results in most PFit components compared to MAY: muscle strength (P= 0.05, 0.01), muscle resistance (P< 0.01, 0.01), flexibility (P= 0.03), cardiorespiratory fitness (P< 0.01), and agility (P< 0.01). Number of steps/day correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness (r= 0.31, P=0.01).   Conclusion: Superior PFit among OA in SG’s HOPE center could be explained by their regular exercise program as compared with OA in MAY. While OA in both centers did not comply with current PA recommendations, they engaged in more light activities than moderate to vigorous, and their steps/day correlated with PFit. These results suggest that daily PA and exercise sessions should be integrated and required in every center for OA.  

Purpose: The present work explores which are the best indicators of well-being in older people who participate in university programs in Costa Rica and Spain.   Method: A panel design is used to follow the samples on both University Programs, but we only used the first wave of data to the present work.  The samples were built with people 55 plus years old in Spain from the University of Valencia programs (N=652) and in Costa Rica from the National University programs (N=272). We used a questionnaire with different variables:  The Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale-Revised (LSNS-R), The Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire, SF-8 Health Survey, level of social participation, and demographic variables.  We analyzed the data with hierarchical linear regression, correlation coefficients, and descriptive analysis.  Results: All variables measured showed significant correlations with present life satisfaction in both samples. The variables that best predict life satisfaction with a 23% variance explained in the Costa Rican sample were the support network, affective social support and the perceived health. In the Spanish sample, the best model explains 23% of the variance and as predictors have perceived health, social network and social participation.  Conclusions: In both countries, there are significant correlations between life satisfaction, with indicators like support network, social support, perceived health and social participation. We analyze the results contrasting with the predictors of the social participation in old people, lifelong learning, and successful aging models.  

The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of an innovative project of intervention from the perspective of social education, on the psychological well-being and the vital satisfaction on institutionalized elderly. We selected 50 institutionalized elderly people with adequate psychomotor skills to carry out the exploratory study. The quantitative methodology was used, using the surveys developed by Ryff (Díaz et al., 2006) and Diener (Atienza et al., 2000) for their perceived well-being and satisfaction, divided into two groups of action for three months. Control group was maintained in the residential activities: cognitive stimulation and gymnastics. Experimental group performed the innovative intervention with activities of active aging and empowerment. The comparative results of the pre-post intervention study showed improvements in the average values ​​of well-being and satisfaction perceived. The results show the benefits of interventional innovation and the inclusion of the social educator in the gerontological residences.

Objective: to establish the normative data of the test stratified by age and scholarship in Costa Ricans elderly adults without cognitive impairment, in the MMSE test, identify the items associated in relation to these two variables and provide recommendations from gerontology of evaluation and interpretation. Methodology: It is studied the MMSE results of 649 subjects between 60 and 108 years with a global score of 0 on the Dementia Classification Scale. Results: we created a table with normative data, by age and schooling. The items that are presented with greater frequency present in relation to age: writing, visual-spatial construction, orientation, while with schooling they are: visual-spatial construction, writing and attention. Conclusions: the first report on the normative data of the MMSE is considered, the alternatives on the adjustments for the effects of the application are proposed, a recommendation is offered for a better screening of the cognitive function and the elements of comparison has given.

Purpose: The objective is to explore the critical educational process, from the perspective of the students themselves, at the University for the Elderly in La Laguna within the framework of constructive aging, identifying the factors that underlie this process, specifically the one that refers to the learning and constructive aging.  Method: An exploratory factorial analysis was carried out in a questionnaire of 72 dependent variables. In this study participated, 61 female students and 39 male students between 50 and 81 years old, from three courses of the University Program for Older Persons at the University of La Laguna, of the 2012-2013 academic year.  Result: We found six factors; three of them related to constructive aging: self-perception, relationships with others and with the environment, attitude towards life and change; and others three that describe critical education: conditions for learning, assessment of education and critical learning.  Conclusions: The main contribution of the meaning of constructive aging is the relevance that critical education takes in it.

Objective: To analyze the different perceptions and attitudes on the sexuality of the elderly people according to the generational changes. Methodology: Qualitative approach is used; 3 discussion groups and 19 semi-structured interviews were carried out with students from the Open University for the Elderly (UOM) aged between 59 and 78 years. Results: The analysis highlights a different perception of sexuality between women and men during the aging process, which is associated with gender roles and gender expectations throughout the process of socialization and coinciding with a socio-historical context determined. Conclusions: The perception of sexuality in older men means “loss period” whereas for older women, it means “full experience of their sexuality”.

The aim was to analyze the influence of socioeconomic characteristics on foodexpenditure in Costa Rican households that have at least one adult older than 65 yearsold. For this study the results of the National Household Income and ExpenditureSurvey 2013, of “Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos”, was used. The influenceof the income, the schooling of the head´s household, the area and the family type onthe consumption expenditure in food, as well as the relation between the area andschooling with the income was studied. It was found that food expenditure was lower inlower income households, that represents major percentage of income. The area andschooling are related to income. In older adult´s households food expenditure is higherthan families with older and young people.