Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In Mexico there are various scenarios, with a state ideology, a different and complex form of presidential management, government rationality, budget austerity, fading of agencies, control for institutions, unstable economy, citizen health, confused confinement, resilient contagion, latent disease, workers and families, scattered authorities, skeptical people; the expectation of millions of citizens to coexist, in a better society with health and hygiene, which is now exclusive. The objectives set as the premise of this collaboration are to determine, assess, systematize as they are and how labor relations will be for the SARS-CoV-2 health pandemic (Covid-19), pointing to the following hypothesis Has the health pandemic affected current industrial relations that left permanent aftermath? Therefore, the analytical and descriptive methodology will be used for the integration of the describe the analysis and synthesis of information collected through search resources from reliable sources of research. For the field of industrial relations, the loss of jobs by thousands, closure or adequacy of companies, which cause suspension, recision and termination, adjustment of industrial relations, any subject to the scenario of current work where the pandemic declared as a health emergency due to force majeure generated by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Covid-19); the Mexican state, faces the health pandemic, with risk management in which it includes occupational vulnerability as a key factor, the occupational health system in contrast to organizational constraints in the face of the new lacerating crisis of health, employment and work.

Diversity and inclusion are concepts, which are taking an enormous role in business management; and it is being done, mainly, with the support offered by corporate social responsibility. Thus, companies, although not all, are adopting measures that favor the diversity of their workforce, which has as a prelude the inclusion of disadvantaged groups in the labor market. Of these, this study focuses on LGTBI people, whose employment discrimination, according to the data, is high and, consequently, worrying; especially for trans people. Starting from the reality of this group and the legal configuration of the cause or causes of this discrimination, reports and business documents are analyzed —of large companies and multinationals as they are putting these strategies into practice—, which they will allow to know if, in effect, the fight against discrimination, labor inclusion and respect and the promotion of the diversity of the workforce are being favored as instruments, first, of personal development and, second, professional development of LGTBI people. From this analysis, the appropriate conclusions have been drawn, which are not particularly hopeful, since this alleged diversity and inclusion, at least for LGTBI workers, is more formal than real when responding, with more often than desired, to business objectives —economic and corporate image— rather than to labor normalization of the group.

This article studies tutela rulings issued by the Colombian Constitutional Court in cases where rebuscadores (as we call poor people that work in public spaces) activate the judicial system to prevent state authorities from evicting them. We present two main findings. In the first place, we argue that the tutela has been useful to coordinate abstract constitutional rights (such as the right to work and to a minimum income) with different local regulations that impact the lives of the poor, such as those that prohibit watching out for cars on the street. In cases of waste pickers, bicycle taxi drivers, and sex workers, among others, the Court protects the plaintiffs’ rights understanding that preventing them from working in public space is a purely symbolic aspiration until they are offered employment alternatives and/or social assistance programs that cover their minimum income. However, in the case of street vendors evicted for “invading” the public space, we argue that the Court is moving away from the established constitutional balance that protected their right to work, using, for this purpose, dubious procedural arguments that should be reconsidered in future rulings.

The terminology of sexual and gender diversity is proposed as a formula that can be used to bring together the multitude of realities, intended to be protected through anti-discrimination law, which are linked to human behaviors outside the framework of heteronormativity. This study analyses, at the international level, how the response of the law has been modulated, based on the evolution of sexual and gender diversity recognition claims. Thus, following an analysis of the latest developments within the UN, a study of the latest legislative and jurisprudential contributions in this area will be carried out at European regional level. The legal treatment of these realities has contributed significantly to an important evolution of the very concept of discrimination, and this will be the discursive thread of analysis of this contribution.

Respect for the use of symbols or clothing with religious content does not generate a peaceful response in society, whether in public or private spheres. In the latter, in the labor relationship, the conflict is evidenced in the form of indirect discrimination that has to be resolved in favor of the right and not its limits, for this, with the different interpretive techniques an attempt is made to find a balance between the right to freedom religious and business law in which the former does not always yield to the benefit of the latter.

The right to disconnection from work, which emerged as a new labor law that aims to face changes in the labor society, so affected by information technology, and that it has dire consequences for the life and health of workers is consecrated in Chile, Law No. 21,220 of 2020. However, it has left many gaps on its configuration and on how this labor right can be violated. This work aims to argue about these legal lines, in order to offer contributions to the practical application of the Right to Digital Disconnection from Work in companies and by jurisprudence, for cases of conflicts between the parties to the employment relationship.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Caesalpinia spinosa (tara) in different concentrations on Lactobacillus acidophilus. Material and methods: A seeding of the strain ATCC® 4356 (Lactobacillus acidophilus), was activated in thioglycolate broth in the 9 % CO anaerobic 2 chamber, where it was incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. Then, the preparation was done in plates of Agar rogosa, it was expected to solidify and proceeded to do the seeding by surface with a micropipette. 1 ml of the strain reactivated in thioglycolate broth was taken and poured and spread with the digralsky spatula on the surface of the agar. Five 5 mm sensidisks were placed at five separate points in the Petri dish, each sensitivity was embedded with 30 microlitres with each control substance and ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia espinosa (tare), 100 % 60 % 40 % for each substance, 5 samples were used; plates were then incubated in the anaerobic chamber at 9 % CO , 37 °C, measures were 2 subsequently taken at 24 and 48 of the resulting inhibitory halo. Five study groups were formed, the first three with Caesalpinia spinosa in their different concentrations, the fourth was the 2 % Chlorhexidine Gluconate and the fifth corresponded to Amoxicillin. Results: Caesalpinia spinosa (tara) at the concentration of 100 % was the best, compared to the others studied (40 and 60 %), at 24 and 48 hours of exposure. The average measurement of the inhibitory halo of Caesalpinia spinosa at 100% was higher than that formed by chlorhexidine gluconate, Student T was applied (p < 0,05) and statistically significant difference was found between data obtained for different substances. Caesalpinia spinosa (tara) at 100 % is as competitive as 2 % Chlorhexidine Gluconate at 24 and 48 hours; but, it is lower compared to amoxicillin at these two times. Conclusion: Caesalpinia spinosa, showed antibacterial effect against Lactobacillus acidophilus, its measures were varied and in the majority superior to the Gluconate of chlorhexidine.