Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objective: To know the perception of university students of health sciences about virtual education. Material and methods: Descriptive study in 293 students of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Jorge Basadre Grohmann National University in Tacna, Peru, during the second semester of the year 2020. A virtual questionnaire with prior informed consent with 26 closed questions was applied. Descriptive statistics were used and data were analyzed with STATA version 16. Results: In the development of virtual classes, students use more cell frequency (65 %) and laptops (62.4 %), with wireless internet (59.3 %). 87.7 % felt that their teaching and training has been affected and is insufficient, due to the lack of adaptation of the teacher to this modality and the lack of audiovisual resources for clinical practice (73.4 %); consider it very important that the practical classes are face-to face (91.1 %). There were negative effects on the socio-economic situation of students (54.6 %) and uncertainty about their academic future. Students perceived problems in their mental health mainly stress (30.3 %) and anxiety (21.5 %); even physical discomfort such as back pain (21.8 %) and burning eyes (21.6 %). Conclusion: The perception of university students of Health Sciences versus virtual education around different learning conditions is negative. They suggest a return to face-to-face classes mainly for clinical practice.

Objective: To identify the characteristics of social and individual behavior and perception of fear during the COVID-19 pandemic in socially isolated heads of households. Material and methods: Cross-sectional, prospective and analytical observational study. 372 heads of households resident in Tacna city were included, during the year 2020, selected by multistage sampling; foreigners, bystanders, persons in mandatory isolation due to COVID-19 infection were excluded per confirmed case or suspicious contact and persons who did not take basic biosecurity measure. We applied a questionnaire to measure the perception of social behavior and fear in the home with informed consent. Descriptive and analytical statistics with logistic regression were used to determine strength of association with multivariate analysis. Results: The heads of families were characterized by having ages between 40 and 49 (37.6 %), cohabiting (65.1 %), complete high school (51.1 %). 8.3 % had contact with suspected family members with COVID-19 under the same roof, 34.9 % with close family members. Consider the risk of developing COVID-19 (43.5 %). Regarding social behavior, 89.5 % adopt buying respiratory masks; 81.7 % purchase alcohol; only 39 % adopt hand washing. 54.6 % had partial insulation, 32.8 % preferred not to have an opinion and only 12.7 % had permanent total insulation. Conclusion: There are significant differences according to age and condition of contact with coworkers associated with fear. Social behavior was statistically different according to age, the environment of risk is mainly by co-workers.

Objective: To determine the relationship between biosecurity measures and fear of COVID-19 with quality of life at work in healthcare personnel. Material and methods: Crosssectional analytical study, 245 healthcare workers from the Huaycán Hospital in Lima Peru, who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic, were included. An online survey was applied, during the year 2021, consisting of three questionnaires: biosafety measures, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale to assess fear and another to measure quality of life at work. Chi-square test, Student's t test, Odds Ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI) was used, it was considered significant when p < 0.05. Results: The workers had an average age of 38.6 ± 8.5 years, where 68.2 % were women. 61.6 % do comply with biosecurity measures in prevention of COVID-19, 81.6 % have poor quality of life at work, 43.7 % are very afraid of COVID-19 and 48.2 % are afraid of losing their lives due to COVID-19. Staff who were afraid when watching news or stories about COVID-19 were 6 times more at risk for poor quality of life at work (OR: 6.76; 95 % CI: 1.51-30.12), who cannot sleep because they are worried about COVID-19 had 5 times more risk of poor quality of life at work (OR: 5.51; 95 % CI: 1.10- 27.49). Conclusion: Health workers regularly use biosecurity measures, half are afraid of COVID-19; most have poor quality of life, which is associated with fear of seeing news or stories about COVID- 19 and cannot sleep because they are worried about COVID-19.

Objective: To analyze how the pandemic is timely for information and communication technologies to facilitate the development of theses and reduce the bias between graduates and graduate graduates. Material and methods: The results of a study comparing the influence of academic, social and economic factors on the development of research work by students and graduates of graduate schools were used, as well as a proposal for change to improve research output indicators in graduate students, and an interview with members of the Peruvian Society of Science and Innovation and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology. The questionnaire has five items, with a Likert scale of 5 levels, where 1 is the lowest grade and 5 the highest. Results: The use of ICT by teachers of thesis course dictation (score 3.5), teaching in the use of repositories and internet resources for the state of the art in the thesis course (score 3.4), the times of documentation in the university (score 3.5), the procedure times of the reviewers, dictaminators and advisors (score 3.3), were regular and with a rating less than expected, only the fifth item, academic motivation to conclude the thesis, obtained a value of 4.2, which was expected. Conclusion: Information and communication technologies regular ly facilitated the development of graduate theses. It is necessary to implement a software since they enter, to accompany the development of the thesis.

Objective: To determine the usefulness of the modified asthma predictive index (mAPI) for the early detection of children diagnosed with bronchial asthma. Material y methods: Descriptive-cross-sectional study where 162 children from 5 to 16 years old, who belong to the Asthma program of Hospital III Yanahuara in Arequipa, were evaluated. His parents retrospectively answered an asthma predictive questionnaire consisting of 3 major criteria and 4 minor criteria. Probable asthma was considered if the child had recurrent wheezing, in addition to 1 major criterion and/or 2 positive minor criteria. Results: 85.8 % of the children began their disease before 4 years of age. When applying the mAPI retrospectively, it is observed that 76.5 % of childhood asthma could have been detected early (before the age of 5), with a higher positive score in males (81.2 %) and in children with moderate asthma severity (85.3 %). Conclusions: The mAPI is a simple and very easy-to-apply tool that allows early detection of the possibility of developing bronchial asthma in a young child (less than 5 years old) who presents recurrent wheezing in the last 12 months. Its routine use is recommended in pediatric consultation.

Objective: To determine if there is a relationship between quadrants A upper left brain, B lower left brain, C lower left limbic, and D upper right brain and the specialties and gender of education students at the Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann of Tacna. Material and methods: A sample of 229 students of both sexes was studied. The method used is the transversal-correlational descriptive. The brain dominance survey elaborated by Jiménez was applied. The data was processed by applying descriptive statistics. Inferential analysis with Student's T test, Chi-square test for homogeneity for two samples (male-female), and Snedocor's F (Anova). The processing was carried out with the SPSS 21 program. Results: The data analysis shows that there is no relationship between the brain quadrants and the specialty. The Mathematics, Computing, and Informatics students have greater dominance in the left hemisphere. Males present a higher mean score in the upper left cerebral quadrant A and females in the lower right limbal quadrant C; the former show significantly higher mean scores in the left hemisphere and the latter in the right hemisphere; however, the significance of this relationship is relatively low. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the brain quadrants and the specialty of the students of the School of Education, and there are differences in relation to gender.

Objective: To describe the epidemiology, treatment, clinical aspects, and rates of adherence to treat¬ment and follow-up of vulvar cancer in patients treated at the Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerología (IJC) in western Mexico Material y methods: Clinical records of patients with vulvar carcinoma at any clinical stage treated at the IJC during the 2016-2020 period were reviewed. Descriptive statistics were performed with the variables of interest. Results: 53 women with vulvar cancer confirmed by the histopa¬thological study, were studied. At the time of diagnosis, 35.84 % reported a month of evolution; 32.07 %, 6 months; 18.86 %, one year, and 13.2 %, over one year. The tumor size on average was 3,942 cm, and in six patients the size was 1 cm or less. The most frequent initial clinical stage of FIGO was stage III with 37.73 %, followed by stage IB with 28.30 %, and II with 18.86 %. The left labia major is the most commonly affected site, with 22.64 %. 64.15 % of the women abandoned treatment and 83.05 % abandoned follow-up. Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva is predominant in postmenopausal women with an average age of 66 years. Of 53 cases in 6 years, only 9 continued in follow-up, this implies that most of the patients will have disease progression or even die from it. Most of the patients presented in advanced clinical stages at the time of diagnosis.

Crohn disease is of immunological origin, in which an inflammatory condition occurs that can be located anywhere in the intestine, especially in the ileocecal part. It is usually characterized by diarrhea and pain with weight loss. The present case is of a 15-year-old girl who abruptly debuts with abdominal right iliac fossa (RIF) pain, which suggests an appendicular condition, so she underwent surgery. In later days, he presented persistent vomiting, suspected of an obstructive condition. A second surgical intervention shows an inflammatory condition at the ileocecal level, so a colostomy and ileostomy are performed. Biopsy showed lesions consistent with Crohn's disease. Treatment with mesalazine and azathioprine was performed, achieving a remission of the picture. Six months later an anastomosis was performed with a favorable evolution of the patient.

Objective: To determine the influence of violent television content on the aggressive behavior shown by students at the primary level of the IE Enrique Paillardelle in the Gregorio Albarracín Lanchipa district of Tacna, in 2018. Material and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and relational study was carried out. The sample consisted of 176 students, according to non-probabilistic sampling. The instruments were structured and validated. Results: Of the total sample, 40.34 % are at a high level and 43.18 % are at a medium level of exposure to violent television content (Sig.= 0.000 < 0.05); at the high level are the action programs (43.75 %) and at the medium level, the humorous programs (45.45 %), reality shows (44.88 %) and cultural programs (44.32 %). While the levels of aggressive behavior were 38.07 % at the high level, 35.23 % at the medium level, and 26.70 % at the low level (Sig.= 0.158 > 0.05); in the high level of aggressive behaviors are physical (39.20 %), verbal (38.06 %) and psychological (36.93 %). Likewise, the relationship «the higher the level of violent television content, the higher the level of aggressive behavior» is verified, it is not significant (X2 = 5.799 < X2tab5.99; Sig. = 0.055 > 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that in the existing relationship there could be other determining sociocultural factors in the increase in aggressive behavior.

Objective: Updating of knowledge related to the swallowing process and its disorders, and to encourage reflection among health professionals. Material and methods: A bibliographic review of 60 international authors, from which 27 works were selected on the swallowing process and its disorders, in order to update and group up-to-date knowledge on anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, clinical picture, semiotechnics and techniques study. Development: An anatomical and physiological count, pathophysiology, clinical picture and main investigations that are carried out for the diagnosis of swallowing disorders are shown. Conclusion: The health professional will be able to delve into basic clinical aspects related to the swallowing process and expand their knowledge about disorders related to this process, in this way they will be able to recognize dysphagia in patients as a symptom and make a correct referral for evaluation.