Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

AbstractThe implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in infrastructure projects involves the private sector and the public sector. The participation of the first one is widely documented; however, the role of the second one has not been rigorously studied. Consequently, this paper raises the need to implement BIM in infrastructure projects in Colombia, demonstrating the importance of the government initiative, leadership and regulation. The role that the public sector must play is evidenced, both for acting as owner of the infrastructure projects and for the lessons learned from the leading and pioneer countries in BIM. It is established that the use of BIM is enhanced and accelerated from the moment that the public sector adopts a position to promote its implementation. Therefore, this article defines the different roles that the public sector can take to encourage the use of BIM. Likewise, it proposes a BIM governmental roadmap for Colombia that can be extrapolated to countries with an economy, an idiosyncrasy and a similar level of BIM implementation. Also serving as a starting point for the development of standards, strategies and programs that encourage the implementation of BIM at a national level.ResumenLa implementación de Building Information Modeling (BIM) en proyectos de infraestructura involucra al sector privado y al sector público. La participación del primero está ampliamente documentada, sin embargo, el rol del segundo no ha sido rigurosamente estudiado. Consecuentemente, este artículo plantea la necesidad de implementar BIM en los proyectos de infraestructura en Colombia, demostrando la importancia de la iniciativa, el liderazgo y la regulación del gobierno. Se evidencia la necesidad del rol que debe jugar el sector público, tanto por actuar como dueño de los proyectos de infraestructura, como por las lecciones aprendidas de los países líderes y pioneros en BIM. Se establece que el uso de BIM se potencializa y se agiliza desde el momento en que el sector público adopta una postura para promover su implementación. Por lo tanto, este artículo define los diferentes roles que puede adoptar el sector público para impulsar la utilización de BIM. Así mismo, propone una hoja de ruta gubernamental BIM para Colombia, extrapolable a países con una economía, una idiosincrasia y un nivel de implementación BIM similar. Sirviendo también como punto de partida para el desarrollo de estándares, estrategias y programas que incentiven la implantación de BIM a nivel nacional.

AbstractAs a continuation of the previous work “Management of entomofauna in building as indicator of symptoms of pathological states. I- Psocoptera”, it deals with the genus Blaps Fabricius, 1775. It is a genus that is relatively little studied compared to others. The distinction of species is sometimes difficult, being necessary the use of morphology, the study of genitalia and molecular phylogenetic analysis. New species of Blaps are regularly described, even in areas of the world where studies are deeper, as is the case in Spain. The genus Blaps can be used as an indicator of the existence of organic matter in a greater or lesser state of decomposition.ResumenComo continuación del trabajo anterior “Gestión de la Entomofauna en edificación como indicador de síntomas de estados patológicos. I-Psocoptera”, éste se ocupa del género Blaps Fabricius, 1775. Es ungénero que está relativamente poco estudiado en comparación con otros. La distinción de especies es en ocasiones difícil, siendo necesario el uso de la morfología, el estudio de la genitalia y análisis filogenéticos moleculares. La descripción de nuevas especies se produce regularmente, incluso en zonas del mundo donde los estudios son más profundos, como es el caso de España. El género Blaps puede utilizarse como indicador de la existencia de materia orgánica en un mayor o menor estado dedescomposición.

Organizacional agility in the construction sector

Summary

le médecin n’est plus considéré, comme par le passé, comme une autorité incontestable, et ce phénomène vaut d’ailleurs pour toutes les professions à responsabilité publique ou sociale. La complexité et l'importance qui ont acquis les processus en matière de responsabilité médicale aujourd’hui, exigent des initiatives d'enquête qui permis d’apporter des réponses éclairées aux nombreuses questions qui se posent au juridictions pénale. À cette fin, les éléments qui façonnent cette responsabilité juridique professionnelle sont systématisés dans cet article. On décrit aussi les situations susceptibles de générer une responsabilité médicale criminelle et les différentes formes de faute médicale révélées par une faute professionnelle. Enfin, on réfléchit sur les outils théoriques indispensables pour tous les praticiens du droit, les professionnels de santé, les étudiants et tous ceux qui s’intéressent à la responsabilité pénale médicale.

Treaties and customary law are the classic sources of Public International Law, both of which are created by the State. This simple explanation tell us nothing about how sources of international rules are recognised, invoked and applied.Our paper starts from Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice aiming to assess its content and what we believe it is more important, some 'contemporary' sources which have been omitted. Some of the latter did not exist as such at the time the Article was written. Others evolved with the paradigm of human rights along the XX Century. We believe this situation needs to be addressed at present when human rights limits actions and decisions of States. In brief, our aim is twofold: (i) to re-interpret traditional sources of public international law which are rooted in the consent of states in the new context provided by the theory of human rights; and (ii) to analyse other events that may be considered as sources or international law which we label as 'contemporary'.   

the Civil and Commercial Code allocates Title IV of the Sixth Book to Provisions of Private International Law, which benefits the subject, since the case of legal interest with foreign elements acquires specificity of treatment. The search for jurisdiction and applicable law constituted the core of the discipline, and it is nowadays expanded by incorporating the mechanisms offered by international legal cooperation. Contest with this, the aforementioned Title IV destines Chapter 2 to international jurisdiction and in it deals with the fundamental guidelines pertaining to the contemplated institute. On the basis of normative hierarchy their dispositions interact with the conventional international source. In the present installment it is sought to give commentary to the content now brought, to relate it to the international source concluding in appreciations with vision of future and enrichment of the cooperation institute.

this paper is the second result (and final) of a more extensive work intended to perform a critical analysis of the concept of Democracy as it is applied in legal and social sciences. As political, legal and philosophical contents developed in many doctrinal studies –and also in concrete political practices– assume a common understanding of the scope of the term, this paper attempts to decode and separate the ideological axiom underlying this concept. It also shows the influence that a deeper and more complex characterisation may have on our idea of political regime, theory of representation, republic, electoral systems, collective decision-making, material equality, political freedom, division of powers, and system of checks and balances.

In december 2008 promulgating the Oriental Republic of Uruguay Law No. 18,441 established for first time in the history of legislation, the country's limiting journey, breaks intermediate between sessions and rural workers, with the concomitant right to receive payment with legal surcharges of the work done extra work time. This is undoubtedly an important and inclusive change of a mass of workers qualitative and significance quantitative in afarm country cattle until the enactment of the rule had forbidden those rights.

the different interpretations that the authors make of the crime of omission of presentation of a minor of art. 147 of the Argentine Penal Code, affirming its contradiction with the National Constitution because it is a crime of suspicion.