Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Carahá River is one of the main urban rivers of Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil, whose water quality is compromised by the inadequate disposal of sanitary sewage and household waste. Avenues surround its banks, and often overflow occurs affecting the riverine population. The objective of this study was to estimate the environmental value given by the population of Lages for its preservation through the application of the contingent valuation method (CVM), as well as to evaluate the differences in environmental perception considering the stratification of people according to its relation or influence with the evaluated environmental resource, considering its geographic location. Data were collected through the application of questionnaires using the referendum method and analyzed by logit regression and principal component analysis (PCA). The results show negative willingness to pay (WTP) for 61% of the interviewees, with 48% being characterized as a “protest vote”. The value of the individual benefit estimated by the logistic regression was R$ 2.95, considering the entire sample, and R$ 20.18, when the protest votes were removed, indicating strong influence of the protest votes in the results. The PCA was adequate and provided a more holistic view, especially when the aim is to compare different social groups that make up the sample.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o impacto das mudanças climáticas nasvazões dos postos do setor elétrico brasileiro utilizando seis modelos globaisdo Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change — Fifth Assessment Report(IPCC-AR5) para os cenários RCP4.5 e RCP8.5 no período de 2011 a 2098.As vazões de 21 postos representativos do Operador Nacional do Sistema(ONS) do Sistema Interligado Nacional (SIN) foram geradas por meio domodelo hidrológico Soil Moisture Account Procedure (SMAP), enquanto asvazões dos demais postos que compõem o SIN foram obtidas por regressõeslineares. Foram analisadas as anomalias das vazões médias anuais e atendência no período de 2011 a 2098. Os modelos do IPCC-AR5 mostraramque há maior possibilidade de redução nas vazões anuais na maior partedo Brasil, exceto para a Região Sul, onde os modelos mostram aumentossuperiores a 5% no período de 2040 a 2069.

The technological processes associated to mineral extraction are among the main forms of environmental degradation, with an intense effect on the landscape, which may lead to several environmental damages. Among these different processes and by-products generated, the waste dump is characterized as a new environment formed by the mineral operation, with difficult vegetation recovery due to the deficiency of organic matter and nutrients, along with the granulometric heterogeneity of the material. This paper discusses the applicability of soil bioengineering techniques in recovering the slope of the waste dump from an opencast mining. Three structural models of soil bioengineering were developed, constructed and installed on the slope to recover the degraded area: guirlanda, colmeia and retentor. The indexes developed to assess the performance of the models indicate that guirlanda presented the best results, due to the low difficulty in both processes of installing the model on the waste dump and of filling the model with soil-substrate/seeds, besides the high development of green manure species in the model. The second best performance was achieved by the retentor model, and the worst one, by the colmeia model.

The aim of this study was to analyze the main health determinants achieved by the Automotive Vehicles Air Pollution Control Program (PROCONVE), the evolution of particulate matter < 10μm, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone levels and cardiorespiratory health data from the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, from 2000 to 2011. The methodology was based in Health Impact Assessment approach through bibliography research and public databases (Informatics Department of the Public Health System — DATASUS, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics — IBGE and Environmental Company of Sao Paulo State — CETESB). Particulate matter < 10 μm, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide pollutants levels were in decline over the study period, exception ozone levels. Morbidity due to respiratory diseases increased in the period, except asthma hospitalizations. There was a decline in cardiovascular mortality, while there was a stable mortality rate due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is concluded that PROCONVE is an important program in the maintenance and reduction of concentration of atmospheric pollutants.

No presente trabalho, soluções multielementares com íons metálicos de diferentes concentrações iniciais foram preparadas para que fossem comparadas as capacidades de remoção de membranas de quitosanareticuladas com epicloridrina (CS−ECH) e com glutaraldeído (CS−GLA). O modelo de pseudossegunda ordem apresentou melhor ajuste em CS–ECH, enquanto o modelo de pseudoprimeira ordem obteve maior  coeficiente de correlação na amostra CS–GLA, exceto pelo íon Al3+. A isoterma de Freundlich obteve omelhor ajuste para os dois tipos de membrana. CS–ECH apresentou capacidade de sorção para íons Cu2+, Pb2+, Al3+, Zn2+e Cd2+, respectivamente, de 53,87; 13,66; 4,41; 2,31 e 1,66 mg g-1. Já os valores obtidos por CS–GLA, para a mesma sequência de íons, foram de 20,25; 3,42; 2,54; 9,23 e 8,77 mg g-1.

This study evaluates evaluated the interception and its impacts in urban watersheds. Data collection occurred in Uruaçu, Goiás, between 2013 and 2014, and used three individual trees. For events with median rainfall of 20.7mm, the three species met the following median values for interception and stem flow, respectively: 5.7 and 0.1 mm for Mangifera indica ; 4.5 and 0.2 mm for Licania tomentosa; and 3.8 and 0.3 mm for Tabebuia ochracea. The delay time of the surface runoff was on average 3 min for the three species. The study proves proved the interference and the positive impacts of treetops and trunks on the interception of rainwater in an urban environment. It indicates the possibility of annual runoff reduction in up to 27% and shows that urban afforestation can reduce stormwaterstorm water runoff and intensity of volume disposed, as well as increase the time of concentration and the time to the peak of hydrographs, especially of small watersheds.

Adolescent pregnancy in Ecuador is a higher percentage where the Ecuadorian Institute of statistics and censuses shows in 2014 43.3% of pregnant women taking into account that they are under 15 years old and 3% young ladies of 17 years old and breasts of 18 to 19 years and according to the reports of every 43% adolescents from 12 to 19 years old are mothers. Family planning allows couples to have a greater opportunity to reflect on their children and to facilitate a better development of the economy since family planning is part of the child survival effort because there are cases that some adolescents cause early pregnancy or some children arrive every year or unwanted children are prone to abandonment or neglect that can reach abortion. The new state study encourages promote free access to contraceptives and other drugs to combat pregnancy and go with sex education classes to provide better knowledge about sex although contraceptives are not very safe to combat pregnancy the implant account more safely and prevent teenage pregnancy.Pregnancy is a health problem as universities tend to fall and more and more universities in each region tend to get pregnant, however it is a problem that brings difficulties in academic performance. This study is based on a reality of the single mothers and fathers of the universities who deserve to follow the study in the equator since it raises the creation of university nurseries so that mothers can graduate if no problem due to pregnancy.

In the globalized today’s world, uncertainty shows up in the modern’s economies performance. This condition influences directly on these economies, because of that, the propensity to suffer the market’s different variables’ fluctuations’ consequences is an unquestionable fact. The commercial and financial opening that distinguish the modern economies on a global context has encouraged the appearance of uncertain sceneries where the risk plays a starring role. This situation requires de implementation of programs to administrate risk with financial conflict’s impact reduction views that attempt against the different economic authors’ stability. Generally, small and open economies present specific characteristics that makes them very vulnerable against economic financials unbalances, amongst them, price variation. That is why; to manage the exposure to prices volatility generates a growing need for financial protection. Cuba enters in this type of economy highly exposed to the given variations in the international scenery. This vulnerability goes deeper with the existence of the economic and financial embargo imposed by the United States. Due to this situation, it is highly beneficious to the island to count with tools to reduce to the minimum risk, and optimize the making decisions’s process on the external commerce’s related questions.

Ecuador is known for practicing adventure tourism since it is a small paradise due to its biodiversity and its wealth of climates and landscapes. Famous for its attractive volcanoes such as Illinizas, Cotopaxi, Cayambe and Chimborazo, and for its walks among the snow-capped peaks of the Ecuadorian Andes, Ecuador also has a wonderful culture full of stories and legends. Of all the mountains of the Ecuadorian Andes, the best known are Cayambe (5,789m), Cotopaxi (5,897m) and Chimborazo (6,310m). To reach these great heights a good acclimatization is essential in order to fully enjoy the ascents. For this reason we offer a glacier school and treks for the lower peaks, and on days off, trips to the hot springs of the highlands. In all these trips will be accompanied by professional guides who are distinguished by their constant attention to safety. For those who want to have an experience in the fascinating landscapes of the Andes, we offer a selection of hiking excursions through the most beautiful regions of our country. If you like virgin nature and enjoy camping, consider our hiking programs. During our excursions we include experienced guides, all-terrain transportation, tickets, food and camping equipment. "

Creativity is not only the process of generating ideas but also the management of them so that they can be translated into innovations that add value to the company. It is important to note the importance that Creativity acquires when it comes to dealing with the strategic, organizational, competitive, problematic, etc., present and future situations that are part of business life.  Each author makes his own interpretation about creativity, but from the point of view of this as the origin of innovation we would define it as: "Creativity means the creation of something that is original, that is new and therefore that goes beyond what It is a valuable and useful tool for those who have generated it and for its environment, the term creativity can be understood as the process of generating new ideas or as a result of This process ends with the creation of something new, in short, Creativity is understood as the processes aimed at generating this innovative and useful idea because the result we understand is innovation, the change that occurs in an organization if that idea it is set in motion. "