Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article has search study the phenomenon of the education for the peace and his entail with the historical memory from the community needs perceived by the educational vulnerable institutions of the Caribbean Colombian Region for the construction of culture of peace. The methodology multimethod, with a sample of 344 teachers polled (SPSS Analysis) and complemented with 35 interviews and 7 focal groups (NVIVO Analysis), they offer the need to articulate processes socioeducational from the community school management that focuses in participative, collective and jointly responsible mediations between the families and the public and social institutions to families and social agents; in order the politics is able to make effective socioeducational that allows the sociocultural transformation of the territories.  

The current advances in the subject of peace agreements in Colombia merit the commitment of educational institutions in the transformation of the culture of violence by cultures of peace in society. For this reason, the article highlights the importance that academic institutions can have in the empowerment of strategies that reduce the indices and levels of violence that are perceived and legitimized in the interactions that occur in daily life. For this reason, and making use of a mixed methodology and techniques such as the interview, the questionnaire and the focus group, the importance of developing a Sociocultural School of Pedagogical Peace in the country, where new pedagogies to do the peace that allow us to account for the transcendental role that both learners and educators have in the coherent learning of peace. From pedagogical peace invites the construction of thoughts and reflections about the formulation of new training paradigms, both in content and in teaching the teaching of the virtue of peace in different scenarios of life of the citizen.

This paper studies the social (political, economic and cultural) aspects of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. We hypothesize that many African countries, as in the case of Equatorial Guinea, conceived and structured their independence apart from the sociological and anthropological models of their own countries. This is due to the adoption of European models and its epidemical «africanization», also the principles of freedom and Western democracy, to the nationalism and anti-colonialism which inspired emancipation movements, as well as the Europeanized elites who do not usually worry about civil society. This paper points out and denounces some incongruent aspects of the common good, truth, justice, peace and patriotism which are developed by the political elite indoctrinated by Western behaviors of understanding democracy and social justice.

In this article we analyze and diagnose the concept of  «hybrid violence» as the sum of the different types of violence (direct, structural, cultural and symbolic) within the Research for Peace. Within the process of evolution of the different forms of violence it seems appropriate to specify how the concept of hybrid violence is constructed for the case of Colombia, where we think that the culture of violence has transcended the conflict and has become naturalized.This article aims to point out the most important aspects that construct this violence which has been built through a profile of structuring indicators through the disproportionate use of violence, desire for destruction to the enemy, intolerance and Manichaeism, the cult of the strong man and ubiquity.

A review ofMarquartdt, Bernd; Martínez, José y Sánchez, Mariela (eds.) (2018) Paz Territorial y Tierras. Una Mirada Crítica Frente a los Acuerdos de la Habana, Bogotá, Editorial Ibáñez.

In this article a constructive criticism is made to the concept of imperfect peace developed by Professor Francisco A. Muñoz. We intend to point out the main flaws of a concept whose hegemonic narrative is more related to the charisma of Francisco A. Muñoz than to the development of that concept, whose obviousness, imperfection has become a value of peace.The three main deficiencies of the concept of this author have to do with the denial of the figure of Johan Galtung and positive peace; the conceptual imprecision and the perpetuation of the status quo. Said concept - not an analytical category - part of all situations in which the maximum possible peace is achieved according to social conditions, because if we accept imperfect peace we accept a certain level of injustice and reject utopia as an engine of transformation and social neutralization.

A review ofParis A. Cabello-Tijerina, Paris A. y Reyna L. Vázquez-Gutiérrez, Reyna L. (2018) Cultura y Educación para la paz: una perspectiva transversal, México, Tirant lo Blanch.

A review ofFrancisco José del Pozo Serrano (Comp.) (2018) Educación para la Paz: Conflictos y construcción de cultura de paz desde las escuelas, las familias y las comunidades, Madrid, Dykinson.

The particle metaheuristics Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) since its appearance has proven to be efficient in solving optimization problems, the variation of its parameters has allowed to improve its efficiency. The present work is focused on performing a comparative study of the effect of the acceleration coefficients c1 and c2, on the performance of PSO to solve a problem of cost estimation, through an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) sigmoidal feedforward. A range of values ​​was evaluated in the acceleration coefficients, the other parameters, in this case inertial factor and the swarm size were worked with fixed values. The validation of the solution was carried out by means of a pipeline data set for fluid transfer used in the industry, coming from a real case, with information related to weight, welding type, diameter and the corresponding cost. The objective function used is the Mean Square Error (MSE), calculated between the observed values ​​and the values ​​estimated by the ANN. From the results it can be seen that very small values ​​of c1 and c2 obtain low accuracy in the estimation of pipe manufacturing costs, while the best accuracy is achieved by means of acceleration coefficients with values ​​greater than or equal to 0.5.

Se presenta una metodología para la selección óptima del recubrimiento a base de zinc más adecuado en sistemas metálicos de canalización, para cumplir con aquellos requisitos de un proyecto industrial relacionados con la resistencia a la corrosión atmosférica. Las actuales metodologías están basadas en procedimientos de cálculo heurísticos,  que no consideran la influencia de las condiciones atmosféricas in situ y que son la principal causa de la mayoría de los problemas de corrosión. El efecto de la corrosión a lo largo del tiempo, generalmente se estima utilizando una función logarítmica, que depende de la corrosión durante el primer año de exposición, así como de los parámetros ambientales (ejemplo: temperatura, humedad, contaminantes, etc.). Se han analizado diferentes modelos matemáticos para la predicción de la corrosión durante el primer año de exposición. Diez de estos modelos han sido seleccionados y comparados con ensayos reales, para finalmente seleccionar el modelo que mejor se ajusta a dichos valores reales. A partir de este valor de corrosión del primer año, se calcula la función de corrosión a largo plazo para cada revestimiento comercial relevante. Finalmente, se analiza un caso de estudio mediante la metodología propuesta. Los resultados muestran claramente la importancia de la función de corrosión y su influencia en la selección del recubrimiento que minimiza el costo.