Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El desempeño de los Estados debe ser flexible a los cambios que se producen en el entorno y la exigencia de participación ciudadana. Se presenta un estudio del estado del arte sobre la participación ciudadana en la gestión pública, clasificándola en cinco secciones que forman parte de un todo. Cada sección desarrolla en forma de síntesis la visión de diversos autores identificando el objetivo de sus trabajos, así como también los elementos y aportes más destacados en cada uno de ellos.  En el trabajo se documenta la evolución del concepto de participación ciudadana, valorando los aportes de los autores sin tomar posición personal por ninguno. Este análisis bibliográfico tiene como finalidad identificar las ventanas que quedan abiertas sobre este importante tema. La participación ciudadana profundiza la democracia participativa y debe ser sostenible. La participación ciudadana en las políticas públicas posee algunas limitaciones referidas fundamentalmente con la voluntad política, organización ciudadana y condición económica de los miembros de la sociedad. El uso de la tecnología auxilia a la ciudadanía y estimula el involucramiento de la misma en la gestión pública y su evolución. Por su parte, los ciudadanos en su rol de contralores, requieren que se generen más instrumentos de cohesión social y participar de las decisiones en las políticas públicas. Para que la participación pública sea exitosa se debe superar  la relación privilegiada que posee la agenda política sobre la agenda social. Es necesario igualmente desarrollar una institucionalidad fuerte, que involucre a los ciudadanos en los asuntos públicos.

Es una investigación cuantitativa correlacional de corte transversal que buscó determinar la relación entre los factores de riesgos físicos como la temperatura, el ruido, y el comportamiento del umbral auditivo en 24 trabajadores de una mina a cielo abierto ubicada en Nilo Cundinamarca, unos con exposición directa a ruido laboral y temperatura, otros sin exposición. Los datos se recolectaron mediante encuestas del perfil sociodemográfico, aplicación de medición de sonometrías, el índice de estrés térmico (WBGT) y las audiometrías; estás mediciones se realizaron durante tres momentos de la jornada laboral: 7: 00 a.m, 12:00 p.m. y 5:00 p.m. En los resultados se observa una correlación significativa entre el tiempo de exposición a ruido (6 horas) con una media para los expuestos de (87,5 dB), el índice de estrés térmico (31,4 °C), y el cambio del umbral auditivo en las frecuencias agudas entre 5 y 10 (dB), en la última medición después de 10 horas exposición se percibe un cambio en el umbral auditivo de las frecuencias 4000 a 8000 Hz entre 10 y 15 (dB), mientras el grupo control no expuestos no se encontró cambios significativos en el umbral auditivo durante las 10 horas de seguimiento.  

Gestation is considered biologically, psychologically and socially a normal process, the health conditions of the mother, the family environment and the social context in which it is carried out contribute to its evolution, and the mother and the fetus should be monitored through health programs. For many years ago, the pregnant woman received care only at the time of delivery, omitting the other stages that includes labor, where the woman also requires attention. In 1929 hypnosugestive measures were used for "the pains of childbirth" and in 1951 the psycho-prophylactic method perfectly arranged and demonstrated on a scientific basis was released, thus improving the attitude of the pregnant woman in labor. The education provided for childbirth will allow the pregnant woman to cope with the stress caused, thus reducing pain.  

The recent case of the purchase of Quicorp S.A. (owners of the chain of pharmacies Mifarma) by InRetail (owners of the chain of pharmacies Inkafarma) has led to raise the need for a law to control mergers and acquisitions, in order to avoid the consolidation of monopolies or positions of domain in the pharmaceutical market. However, our legal system does not prohibit monopolies or market dominance positions, and the aforementioned merger does not represent a position of market dominance. On the other hand, if there is cause for concern about the existence of another type of monopoly, the one represented by the patents. This article points out some alternative solutions to the problems that have arisen in the Peruvian pharmaceutical market.

This article brings up the central features of the manly aspect revitalized by the pattern of capitalist / colonial power and outlines how the patriarchal modulation of the pattern of power occurs in three concrete examples: First: the consolidation of the patriarchy salary in Europe, between XIX and XX centuries. Second, the long process of hyper masculinization of black people in the US during the XX century, and, finally, the sudden process of indigenous hyper masculinization (and kaibilization) in Guatemala, between the 1970s and 1980s. From the joint vision of the three cases, markedly differentiated by the racial classification of the world population, of both, the general mode of action of the contemporary power pattern, and the historical specificities in which this occurs one gets an understanding of the masculinizing politics in the colonial / capitalist power pattern.

This text seeks to open up some issues that will allow accounting for the deep changes that are taking place in the Peruvian university that is going through a structural crisis. When I refer to the crisis of the university, I do not mention the difficulties that are within the university system, which are many. These are shallow crises and can be resolved through some reforms. The real crisis is caused by problems that cannot be solved within the framework of the existing system, but requires another system to solve them. Higher education in Peru is in this situation. The pervasive university model in much of the twentieth century has reached a point of bifurcation. That model has eroded and we are in a chaotic period of transit towards another form of institutional organization of the production and transmission of highly qualified knowledge. The crisis of the modern / colonial university began at the end of the 60´s, and reveals its inability to solve three major complex problems: epistemological problems, institutional problems and problems of legitimacy. The interest of this work is to examine some aspects of the options opening up to the current crisis of the university institution.

This work aims to analyze the individualism constitution in Peru, its development from the early twentieth century to the present and from there try to point out some trends for the future. An interpretation essay on the formation of individualism is presented, which allows us to sketch some ideas to organize a larger debate. In the social studies of the country, the process of individualism was undermined to emphasize the structural dimension of modernization. It our interest to present an image that tries to explain modernization from the point of view of the configuration of the individual in contemporary Peru. Even though, recently individualism has awakened to a more theoretical interest, leaving aside the study of its evolution in society.

The Peruvian economy depends on the export of its mineral resources for its growth. This dependence comes from the role of the country in the international division of labor and is expressed in its export, economic and business structure. Peru dependence on its mineral resources, an economic structure made up mainly of non-tradable sectors and a business structure dominated by micro-enterprises, which makes lasting economic progress very difficult. We argue that the Peruvian economy is divided into an advanced economy and a subsistence capitalist economy (ECS). This structural characteristic of the Peruvian economy prevents the successful implementation of a process that would make the country less dependent on its natural resources and could place it on a path towards development based on greater added value production.

This work seeks to locate some of the new situations and problems, models and policies, from the educational sociological theoretical reflection present in the Peruvian university in the actual global transformation. An analysis and understanding in their specific contexts of propagation and discourses that lead us to verify that today we are witnessing the consolidation of a new socio-educational structural asymmetry in the country.

With a better knowledge of the real life of forest communities, it is possible to improve the ecological, social and economic sustainability of rural communities. Forestry socioeconomic monitoring evaluates the realities in which rural communities live. One tool for this is national household surveys on the impacts of forests on living standards. This provides accurate estimates on the value of forests, and living conditions in rural areas. Regular measurements and standards allow capturing the true value of forests and their contribution to the well-being and income of households. This article evaluates the development of the methodology, tools and collection of forest socioeconomic data in six pilots adapted to the Peruvian reality, which were part of the National Forest Inventory Program in Peru carried out by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. Agriculture (FAO) in collaboration with the Ministry of the Environment and the Ministry of Agriculture. Good forest monitoring improves the reputation and gives greater visibility to the forestry sector in relation to other entities responsible for policy formulation.