Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The aim of this article is to analyze how knowledge about drug abuse and youth has been incorporated into the social practices of workshop participants to drive discussion and awareness, and how they have become tools for workers in social institutions over the past three years. Thirteen interviews were carried out based on a script with questions on: topics discussed and strategies used, contributions for personal and professional development, and problem situation analyses. The results show that the participants develop practices at work and in life that are characterized by their understanding of the intertwined network of causality in drug abuse, which involves reflections on drug commodification, problems arising from the criminalization and from the labor market. Contemporary values and difficulties both family and school have come up against in the socialization process of young people were also addressed. In this sense, care was seen in composing discourses that do not blame the users. Preference is given to an attitude of understanding and dialogue in the face of the problem situations posed. Although discourses oscillate, between the hegemonic and critical forms of capturing the problem, one can see that the more general understanding refers to the complex system of psychoactive drug production, consumption, and distribution and to the search for enhanced social solutions for the issue. The social practices that are developed, however, showed the absence of public policies to face the matter

The HIV/AIDS epidemic is widespread throughout the country and the world, having infected thousands of people in different life cycles. Thus, prevention strategies, both individual and collective, remain essential to reduce and control transmission rates. The purpose of this article is to analyze the health professionals' perceptions about health education practices carried out via collective actions among HIV-positive people. This qualitative study, which uses a descriptive approach, was developed alongside health professionals from five institutions in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. We used the semistructured interview technique and the content analysis method. The professionals view health education not only as a way to teach and learn, transfer information, exchange ideas and experiences, but also as a tool mutual growth, a reflective and participatory process that helps minimize suffering, to work on expectations and emotions, and to foster citizenship and quality of life. Health education actions enable the recreation of participatory, interactive, cooperative, and inclusive moments; they lead to social and affective development and to socio-political commitments; they draw people closer and humanize interpersonal relationships; they ensure access to prevention, and help produce comprehensive care that can promote health

To be put into practice, Health Surveillance needs health workers to be prepared in order to operationalize it. The purpose of this article is to describe the perception health professionals have on the contributions of the teaching-service integration for the deployment of Health Surveillance. This is a qualitative study conducted in the Butantã School Health District, in the municipality of São Paulo. Research subjects were physicians and nurses working for health facilities located in the region. Data was collected through interviews and analyzed pursuant to the collective subject discourse technique. The results showed that, according to the health professionals, the teaching-service integration is carried out through the supervision of undergraduate medical and nursing students in routine health facility activities. To the health professionals, the contribution made by the teaching-service integration for Health Surveillance is small and boils down to the students' curricular activities. There is a need for a municipal political project for Health Surveillance, and the academy could assist in its preparation. The conclusion is that in order for there to be change in the care practices, it is important to build a political-pedagogical project in partnership with managers, workers, teachers, and students

Este ensaio propõe uma discussão sobre a clínica na prática e na formação acadêmica da enfermagem com base em referenciais teórico-conceituais situados no campo da filosofia, tendo como pistas as relações de poder, saber e subjetividade presentes no encontro entre os sujeitos implicados com a produção do cuidado em saúde e com a formação acadêmica. A clínica na enfermagem foi impregnada pelo referencial biomédico, o que lhe conferiu alguns atributos que condicionaram sua prática: a pretensa neutralidade nas relações entre quem cuida e quem é cuidado, bem como a objetificação dos sujeitos, dos problemas e das necessidades de saúde que limita o olhar e as possíveis intervenções elaboradas no sentido de atendê-las. Nesta perspectiva, estas se pautam na compreensão da doença apenas em sua dimensão orgânica. Encontramos na filosofia espinosista a clínica como um encontro potencializador dos sujeitos, espaço de recriação e ressignificação da vida. Em Epicuro, esse encontro produz também desvios, movimentos aversos a estaticidade e apatia. Partindo dessas concepções, entendemos que a reconstrução da prática clínica no trabalho do enfermeiro passa necessariamente pela reconstrução das relações entre os sujeitos envolvidos na formação e pela produção de dispositivos mobilizadores de subjetividades

The purpose of this study was to reflect on the deployment of an active teaching and learning methodology in practical settings in undergraduate Pharmacy studies. Problematization has been used as a teaching strategy aimed at training more critical, reflective professionals capable of working and learning together. A pharmacist with this profile is capable of working in the Single National Health System (SUS) integrated with the social context and contributing to improving people's quality of life, as advocated by the National Curriculum Guidelines. For this, the assessment tools provided by the students were analyzed qualitatively, and the main weaknesses and strengths of the process were highlighted. It was possible to analyze the following aspects: practical settings, student orientation, retraining, and assistance. We conclude that, despite the fact that major challenges still remain, including inadequate teacher training, this educational model is consistent with the proposed goal

This article discusses the possibilities and limits of local action based on the contributions of Portuguese social scientist Boaventura de Sousa Santos as a subsidy to promoting health in vulnerable communities. In particular, the article discusses the concept of structural spaces to understand the proper forms of power, law and knowledge of modern society confronted with increasingly globalized capitalism, with its contradictions and alternatives for emancipatory action. In our opinion, these reflections provide new theoretical and methodological foundations to redirect the local practices of health, en vironment and development. In sum, we consider Boaventura de Sousa Santos' reflections on the dual epistemological rupture; and those of Paulo Freire concerning the unprecedented viable to propose a few guidelines to produce knowledge and the challenge of thinking about the future of these territories among young people in vulnerable community settings, in which borderline survival conditions and violence are part of everyday life and imitate emancipatory actions.

*

*

To achieve the professional profile that is expected from technical-level health qualifications, it is necessary to develop learning of distinct natures, denominated herein as belonging to the conceptual, technical, ethical, and political realms. In Brazil, such qualifications have been provided largely by the Single Health System's Technical Schools (SHSTS). Based on the assumption that these qualifications are largely guided by the technical dimension, to the detriment of the other ones, a study was carried out to analyze the curricula developed at the SHSTS aiming at identifying 'emphases' and 'reduction' in these schools' curricula. The study was carried out in the state of São Paulo and was based on the analysis of the schools' political and pedagogical projects and on interviews done with their directors and professors. The initial assumption was not validated, at least in part, since it was noticed that there was the intention to seek qualifications that highlighted ethical and political learning, in addition to a severe criticism of the so-called traditional education model that centers on practical training, replaced by a strong non-directive character in the teaching-learning process. The study also pointed, however, to a major reduction in the conceptual and technical dimensions, something that may be compromising the professional qualification proposal for the Single Health System.