Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The article has the purpose of reviewing elements that can be founders to support the research line on Childhood and Family, specific to doctoral research programs in the institution where the authors are enrolled, but which is also at the service of inquiry on the subject at different levels of training in the city and regional context. The methodological approach is made from a hermeneutic perspective with comprehensive reach through a documentary review of classic and contemporary authors, through which a discursive network emerges that contains and supports the research line and the categories it groups. In conclusion, this research work allows theoretical space to other types of childhoods, which have been historically made invisible because they do not fit into the paradigm of childhood as the emblem of the future. We are referring here to children's groups cataloged as non-futurizable, children who can be forsaken/abandoned.   Keywords: history of childhood, Latin America, biopolitics, post-structuralism, other childhoods.

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The objective of the study was to describe the results of the application of the preschool education program supported by the M-DECA model in teachers for the development of psychomotor competencies in the formative field of physical development and health in children. The study had a qualitative approach, collaborative research, participant action research (PAR) method, 6 teachers and a group of 47 children from a preschool institution participated. The M-DECA model of Guzman, Marin and Inciarte (2014) was used, focusing on a guided practice of 7 activities, which were developed in five integral phases, each participant fulfilled several roles, to whom qualitative instruments and techniques systematized by ATLAS ti software were applied. The findings found after the application of the didactic sequence allowed the children to develop psychomotor skills through playful activities. For the teachers, the intervention process supported by the M-DECA method, focusing on the conceptual, methodological and constructive contribution conception, developed an inclusive and reflective practice. The psychomotor skills acquired in the children and the teaching skills were beneficial for the socialization and physical and health development of the students, as well as for the teachers, who strengthened and renewed their discourse and educational practices, generating a device that can be used by other institutions. Keywords: Psychomotor skills, competencies, intervention, continuing professional development, collaborative learning.

The study aimed to understand teachers' perceptions about innovation and pedagogical practice in rural educational institutions in Peru in times of pandemic. The study considered teachers from rural educational institutions in different provinces of Ayacucho region, Perú. The study corresponds to the mixed approach of exploratory level. The quantitative data were operationalized by a questionnaire through Google forms and the qualitative data was contributed by the interviews through a script by means of Zoom, which were recorded; the information is linked by means of an interpretative approach. The categories that emerged were: adaptation to educational innovation, teacher training, family support, new roles of teachers and students. Favorable points of view emerged from teachers working in rural institutions in this region of the country, who adapted to education under the virtual modality, assuming the need to learn, self-train and update themselves for the management of equipment and applications to carry out their pedagogical practice, emphasizing that many weaknesses still persist in virtual teaching, without discussing the benefits that its support has brought to the learning process of students. Therefore, it is necessary to develop sequences focused on ICT for training, planning, management and provision of resources in order to offer better educational experiences.   Key words: Rural education, pedagogical innovation, adaptation, changes, teacher training, family support, roles, digital competencies.

The dentist requires developing cognitive, procedural and attitudinal skills. Knowledge of health sciences has commonly been divided into disciplines, but there is a need for greater integration of subjects into health science curricula. The objective was to analyze the proposal of the Conservative Dentistry Workshops as a curricular integration strategy for dentistry. The research had a documentary design, with a hermeneutic approach in which curricular documents of the Dentistry career at the San Gregorio de Portoviejo University were analyzed to establish the relevance of the Conservative Dentistry Workshops as a curriculum integration strategy. The study was conducted mainly from the approaches of Harden (2000) and Casanova (2018). The reflective process was developed taking three phases: planning, execution and communication. The career presents two curricular documents, the 2012 Technical Academic Dentistry Project, which includes the evacuation curriculum and the Dentistry Career Redesign Project 2017, where are the curricular guidelines of the redesigned mesh. The teaching and learning of the Dental Operative and Endodontics are conceived in an isolated way in the evacuation mesh. In the redesigned mesh they are raised from the curricular integration. The Conservative Dentistry Workshops are viewed as a curricular integration strategy for the teaching-learning of Operative Dental and Endodontics in the specific, which involves the development of dental competencies in a general way, allowing the transversal and logical integration of the disciplines, connecting these, to the notions associated with complexity in the approach to patients, since the integration of cognitive, procedural and attitudinal skills is required.   Keywords: Curriculum integration, Curriculum by competencies, Curriculum planning, learning strategy, dental education.  

During the COVID-19 pandemic, online education represented a serious alternative to continuing working life in higher education institutions (HEIs). Teachers around the world embraced a new role, adopting and using a wide range of technological and virtual tools to continue performing their activities and with the aim to interact with students and to continue teaching.  For this reason, research related to seek and identify factors for the teachers’ well-being is essential for educational leaders. Regarding these ideas, this paper aims to test the construct validity of a Mexican version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey (MBI-ES) of Maslach et al. (1997), adapted to online education. Participants consisted of 406 Mexican university teachers who emergently switched from traditional to online educational practices during the SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreak. In order to test the factor structure of three alternative models based on Szigeti et al. (2016), the authors performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (Ferrando & Lorenzo-Seva, 2018). Results showed that the model with three domain factors has the best fit. Besides, our findings show that the three-factor structure of the Mexican adaptation of MBI-ES is valid and reliable for the analysis of online education because the loading of all factors was representative.   Keywords: Burnout, Teacher, Online Education, COVID-19, Pandemic, Scale Adaptation.

The dairy activity has demonstrated with its value chain and the number of jobs it generates its relevance in the Ecuadorian economy in the face of the socioeconomic adversities it has experienced in recent times, from a social and solidarity approach, to reactivate productive development in the country. In this context, the general objective of this article was to explore the good practices of dairy production, from the social and solidarity economy in the canton of Biblián-Ecuador. Based on a descriptive and cross-sectional research, information was collected in three associative enterprises of milk production located in the mentioned canton, being the informant agents 55 partners of the referred associations, who responded to a structured questionnaire. In light of the results, with the tabulation and analysis of the data, a proposal of good practices is made, with their respective strategies. The CANVAS tool was implemented to generate a business model that promotes the strategies and remedies the weaknesses of the dairy process, seeking continuous improvement and development of the milk producers of Biblián-Ecuador, while promoting social development and solidarity in the cantonal population and the country.   Key words: Good entrepreneurial practices, dairy activity, social and solidarity economy, social development, milk producers.

In recent years, authors such as Aksu and Özdemir (2005); Bayraktaroglu and Ozen Kutanis (2003); Hallin and Marnburg (2008); Kraleva (2011); Ortega Herrera and Sánchez Ramos (2018); Valecillos and Quintero (2007); have come to the conclusion that companies have found it necessary to adjust to the constant changes demanded by the political, economic and social environments, forcing them to invest in their internal resources such as intellectual capital, human talent, knowledge and technology. Therefore, through the analysis of 50 articles between the years 1996-2020, classified in thematic profiles: traditional organisations, learning organisations or smart organisations, organisational analysis of smart organisations, as well as smart tourism organisations, obtained from databases such as ScienceDirect, Dianelt and Scielo; search engines such as Mendeley and Google Scholar; and finally with global publishers such as Emerald Insight, in addition to using VOSviewer software to obtain more accurate research data, it was possible to identify that to eliminate uncertainty and form competitive companies, these must be transformed into smart organisations that generate a balance between supply and demand, with the aim of gaining satisfied customers. This business transformation is achieved through learning, the strengthening of innovation capabilities, the exchange of knowledge through a collaborative environment, and a commitment of employees throughout the production process, functional areas, business leadership and organisational policies, which together form an intelligent company, which applied to a tourism company will result in the quality of products or services satisfying the needs of customers, even exceeding their expectations, thus achieving competitive advantages in a more complex global market.   Keywords: learning, adaptability, competitive advantages, traditional organizations, intelligent tourism organizations.

The research objective was to explore the public resources for the management of citizen security, from the perspective of the representatives of the responsible organisms in the Portoviejo canton, of the providence of Manabí (Ecuador), from the position of Knoepfel et al. (2007). The work was developed from a type of applied-analytical research with field design. The population was made up of all the public organizations that were involved with citizen security in the Portoviejo canton; a Likert-type questionnaire was designed to obtain the necessary information to approach the objective, whose content was validated by experts and its reliability was verified using the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient 0.925. Based on the qualitative-quantitative scale of the questionnaire, the results show a neutral attitude of the executors of public resources for citizen security management, with a moderate level prevailing in indicators such as trained personnel, organization, consensus, time, and information. It is concluded that although the ten resources proposed by Knoepfel et al. (2007) for the execution of the public policy of citizen security are present, to a greater or lesser extent, it is challenging to specify truly effective actions when they are intended to generate changes. On inflexible bureaucratic structures that hardly attend to delivery times and in which communications are slow and even non-existent, which affects the coordination of actions, and in other cases, the disproportionate use of force. Addressing this requires the competent bodies to overcome structural and operational challenges that help resolve existing conflicts and overcome weaknesses related to innovative capacities on public resources. Keywords: Public resources; citizen security; public policies; violence; crime; Ecuador.

In a pandemic context fraught with socioeconomic crisis, the field of dentistry has also had challenges in providing its services, since caring for patients implies high risks of infection in dental settings; However, commitments to society have led them to reconfigure their actions, in accordance with the needs of the market. In this framework, the present research aimed to determine the marketing strategies implemented by specialized dental centers in the canton of Ambato (Ecuador), to face the economic crisis generated by COVID-19. For this, strategic marketing was investigated by consulting the positions of Lambín (2009), Kotler and Armstrong (2007) and Munuera and Rodríguez (2012), among others. Methodologically, a type of applied-descriptive research was used, with a field-transectional design. The population was made up of all the specialized dental centers active and with physical infrastructure in the canton of Ambato, the informant agents being the dentists who provide their services in the aforementioned centers. The technique for data collection was the survey, using a structured questionnaire with a Likert scale, its content validated by five (5) marketing experts and reliability was measured using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, which yielded 0.99. The results show a positive trend in the implementation of marketing strategies oriented towards diversification, growth and competitiveness. It is concluded that specialized dental centers develop marketing strategies to face the turbulent environment and to be able to function in competitive terms, according to the dental needs of the local society.   Keywords: Marketing strategies, differentiation, growth, competitiveness, dental sector, COVID-19, Ecuador.