Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This work describes the materials and field methods used in dendrochronology, applied to the study on Physical Geography phenomena related to landforms and climate. The different routes traveled during a little over a decade (2006 to 2017) in the Sierra Nevada illustrate the various environmental scenarios explored and sampled. The field work was carried out in the ravines along the northern slope of the Popocatepetl volcano (Figure 1) and on the northern slopes of the Iztaccihuatl volcano (Figure 2), aimed at determining the dendrochronological potential of various conifer species and their response to climate phenomena and volcanic and geomorphologic processes.

La refronterización, una de las características de la fronteridad contemporánea, supone la configuración de nuevas espacialidades en los espacios fronterizos. A partir de un enfoque de la teoría crítica y de la construcción social del espacio, y una metodología cualitativa, se analiza la interacción conflictiva entre aquel proceso, llevado a cabo por operadores de nivel nacional, y las resistencias al mismo por parte de los operadores locales de ambos lados de la frontera. En concreto se analiza la frontera de Estados Unidos con México, para lo que se ha seleccionado como caso de estudio el embalse binacional de Anzaldúas, en el río Bravo / Grande. Este lugar se caracteriza por la coexistencia de actividades ilegales y recreativas. Se concluye que, a pesar de la resistencia (distinta en ambos países), la refronterización ha reforzado la diferenciación fronteriza entre ambos lados.

Waste products from the industry of soft drinks were evaluated to be used as fermentation substrate by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, because these residues have between 5.5 to 13% of sugars. Under a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 23, was studied the kinetics of growth of S. cerevisiae using a sterile environment based soft drinks discarded (black cola (P) with 12% sugar, caffeine, phosphoric acid and carbonated water or an isotonic drink (G) with 7% sugar, citric acid and salts), whose pH values were adjusted to 4 or 4.5. The media were inoculated with a concentration of 10 g/L commercial yeast, incubated at 30 ° C with constant shaking of 100 rpm or 130 rpm. Samples were taken every 2 h, from inoculation to final fermentation time (12 h), were measured the soluble solid content, the ethanol concentration and the biomass production. Statistical analysis showed that the incubation time and substrate influenced the biomass production (p<0.01). The major production of biomass under the study conditions, was obtained when the initial pH was adjusted to 4.5 and was used 130 rpm as stirring speed for both substrates. Being obtained 15.4 g/L of biomass at 8 h of incubation in the substrate P (p<0.05) and 12.8 g/L of biomass in the substrate G. Also, the color removal  drinks and  10% decrease in COD values was achieved. Based on these results it can be stated that it is possible to use non-alcoholic discard beverages as fermentable substrate in processes where it is inoculated, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 

This paper describes the journey and the strategies established during the 1973-2015 period around the culture of innovation, intellectual property and knowledge transfer in a Public Research Center (CPI), The Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada, Baja California (CICESE). We present an account of the elements of learning, main findings and milestones from the perspective of the National Science and Technology Policies, their changes over time and the impact of new regulations during the period of analysis. We discuss the factors that had significant impact on the processes of technology and knowledge transfer. We also identify the major inhibitors and drivers towards the establishment of a culture of innovation environment in CICESE where a clear vision on the role of innovation on the institutional dynamics is fundamental. Our conclusions include recommendations and strategies to enhancing institutional capacity toward the establishment of a culture of innovation that may impact society, government and industry.  

La Hacienda is a neighborhood located in a consolidated urban area in Puebla city, it was developed to the end of sixties decade under a planning vision that benefits car use, the urban structure has been constantly deteriorated in the last decades damaging its urban accessibility conditions. The government idifference and inability to solve local problems makes necessary to promote the active participation of population. In this situation we have made activities in collaboration with the community and some government officials, where Architecture Faculty of Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla aqcuires a mediator rol in this process. This document aims to contribute to reflect the progress, difficulties and results to build a participative management.

In recent decades, irregular rainfall has evidenced a number of adverse environmental and socioeconomic effects worldwide. The goal of this study was to analyze the ability of four Regional Climatic Models (RCM's) forced by ERA-Interim to capture the humid and dry extreme monsoons in the Core North American Monsoon (CNAM), considering the oceanic mechanisms of the Pacific and Atlantic. From available databases in the network and for the period 1990-2008, we obtained: 1) average observations (obs mean); after obtaining four sets of observed precipitation data: UDel, CLICOM, GPCP and CRU, 2) from the Coordinated Regional Scale Reduction Experiment (CORDEX) -of North America (NA), four RCM's were obtained forced by ERA-Interim, 3) number and intensity of Pacific hurricanes, and 4) calculation of Caribbean Low Level Jet (CLLJ) anomalies, the Filtered Variance (VF), the Decadal Pacific Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Two extreme monsoons were selected: one wet (1990) and one dry (2005). To all the data, they were applied the test of normality of Shapiro Wilk. It was calculated a Pearson correlation and a hypothesis test, with a confidence level of 95% (P<0.05) and 99% (P<0.01) between the models, Era-Interim, the observations and oceanic indexes. Regardless of the oceanic indexes, HadGEM3-RA and ERA-Interim were the that better captured precipitation in wet monsoons; And ERA-Interim and Reg1 proved to be better at capturing precipitation for dry monsoons. The 1990 monsoon presented almost twice as much precipitation as the monsoon of 2005. This wet anomaly could be associated with the occurrence of 16 hurricanes near the Gulf of California by 1990, since in 2005, only 7 hurricanes occurred. VF and CLLJ are inversely proportional and are two significant predictors of wet monsoons in the CNAM. ERA-Interim better captures precipitation in extreme wet years. PDO, was significantly and negatively correlated with REMO (Pr = -0.90) and CLLJ (Pr = -0.90), that is to say, REMO has no ability to capture dry monsoons that occur when -PDO (La Niña) and -CLLJ (La Niña) phases are present. The dry events are significantly associated with the occurrence of -PDO (La Niña) phase anomalies and not with the occurrence of -CLLJ (La Niña) phase anomalies. This methodology is an effective alternative to predict extreme hydroclimatic events in CNAM, especially when there is no data from weather stations.