Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Our Latin American countries are very similar in their historical path, in politics, art, popular movements, crises and betrayals. In this paper, an analysis and reflection on the socio-political process of the educational campaigns of the Aztec world and the Andean world it is showed. For this, the thinkers José Vasconcelos and José Antonio Encinas from Mexico and Peru, respectively, are clear and definitive pieces in this process that is temporarily delimited in the first two decades of the twentieth century. Although they are similar in their program, in their modern pedagogy, in the defense of the rights of the indigenous, they differ in the political context that surrounded them; Vasconcelos was reinforced by a peasant revolution, Encinas ended boycotted by landlords and the Catholic Church.

The new historical novel takes the historical reality with its events to turn them into the central subject of the novel. The objective of the present work starts from the question ¿how a personage of the history (Simón Bolívar) is presented, through the fiction, like a real hero and dispel the concept of the impeccable hero?, creating a reflection on the situations that are presented in the reality to which one belongs; in order to develop this work theoretical bases are taken from: New historical novel, fiction-reality, hero and Bolivar’s carriage of the Colombian writer Evelio Rosero Diago. The novel instigates to discover the other side of Bolivar and fade the traditional conception of hero. The proposal allows to take from the position of the literature the inclination for readings of New historical novel, where the historical personages (heroes) are shown like men of flesh and bone, to see that they also had feelings with successes and mistakes, with mistakes like humanity of our daily life, and put ourselves at the same time as men that we are capable of recognizing ourselves and recognizing the other, so the New Historical Novel allows greater significance to the narrative.

This article is the result of the research activities carried out in the field of research assigned to the group: Culture, Citizenship and Power in Local Contexts at the University of Cartagena School of Social Sciences and Education. As a collective exercise a field trip was made to San Basilio de Palenque, where it was possible to observe the historical and cultural structure present in the territory. In this sense, a reflection on the orality of the palenque people it is presented, highlighting characteristic aspects that strengthen their identity and the symbolic life that is built from the sense and meanings that give the territory.

The present work shows the emergence of a space of exception, of spatial and symbolic limits, called gray zone, where urban popular medicines are made possible. From a case study, medicine with medicinal herbs in the markets of Quito (Ecuador), shows that these spaces emerge from a depoliticized Interculturality and an Interculturality in health that subordinates traditional medicines to a biomedical model hegemonic, omitting popular urban medicines. However, this omission gives them the ability to create, transform and surreptitiously resist.

This article identifies some of the discriminations experienced daily by LGBT community in the world environment in two of the main cities of the Colombian Caribbean. These actions are encrypted and justified in a patriarchal context and discourse, loaded with prejudices and stigmas against sexual diversity and gender identities. Despite advances in legal and normative matters, this society continues representing and relating the non-heteronormative sexualities with behaviors close to the pathological and dangerous practices to the pre-established moral order. These discriminations can be interpreted as violence and devices of control and discipline of the bodies that violate rights and because of their buried characteristics end up silenced, hidden and socially naturalized. The methodology to go deeper into that complex world, starts by choosing a qualitative perspective of social research, the ethnografic work supported by a face to face dialogue, memory recovery and the perception of personal and lived experiences, which becomes in navigational charts to problematize and denaturalize such actions.

This research examines the discursive representation of the transgender subject in the web news in the El Universal journal, between 2009 and 2012, from a Critical Discourse Analysis, to contribute to the understanding of the problem of homophobia and transphobia in the city of Cartagena. The analysis focuses on the linguistic resources and discursive strategies used in the news for the construction of the transgender social actors. For this, the textual structure of news, the lexical repetition, nomination forms, and the citation were analyzed. The results show that, in the local press, the news stories about transgender happen historically and not relevant to the local culture and society, representing the transgender as a hyper-sexualized social actor, without voice or discursive representation, essentialized from the sexual orientation and gender identity, and stereotyped.

In this paper a reconceptualization of how the concept of family has been understood and problematized it is proposed. It is started from the fact that this concept is not monolithic and presents different nuances that must be taken into account when studying the theme of its conformation and functionality. It is based on a gender approach from which the issue of family in Colombia is addressed. To do this, the context within which emerges as a problematic is analized. In the theoretical proposal a triad that will be the axis of analysis it is included: gender-diversitydemocracy in order to contextualize the inclusion of diverse families in the development of inclusion policies as a way to democratization. It wants to show what are the difficulties that these families are going through and the reason for the concealment in which they are. The central question is aimed at giving clues as to how a truly democratic society includes in its legislations and receives in its living modes diversity and plurality with respect to difference.

The article inquires the different forms of homosexual socialization carried out by a group of men in the city of Villavicencio (Colombia) and its impact on the constitution of sexual subjectivity. To this end, some descriptions of the city obtained through a large bibliographical review are interwoven, which, together with some stories about the male homosexual experience lived in the city, allow to establish a link between the various existential flows, sexual practices and lifestyles created by homosexual men into the urban space. The city with its institutions and rules continues to be the means to exert power over the body and the pleasures of its aggregates, through a dynamic process that transits between singular individuation and social modulation.