Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Permanent or temporary disability is an indicator that increases daily worldwide, it affects people’s familiar, social, working, economic and psychological functions. Objective: To determine the relationship between the resilient characteristics and the level of psychosocial risk in people with disabilities. Method: The research was quantitative, correlational with non-probability sampling. The sample consisted of 119 individuals with physical disabilities who were occupationally related in 6 departments of Colombia. Two instruments were used: the Resilience Scale of Young and Wagnild adapted by Novella (2002), and the Questionnaire of psychosocial risk factors in professional environments, form A and B, established by the Ministry of Social Protection (2010) were applied. Results: An inverse relationship between the resilient factors associated with the level of psychosocial risk was found. The lower the resilience is, the greater level of risk there is in the characteristics of leadership, rewards derived from the relevance to the organization, the work done, and in recognition found and compensation; however, the greater resilience is, the greater is the risk of mental workload demands. Discussion: Employed people with physical disabilities have fewer psychosocial risks in professional environments, considering resilience as a protective factor. To address the lack of research on this subject, it is necessary not only to evaluate the risks of this population, but also to provide information to the relevant organizations about this subject that contributes to produce changes towards inclusion.

Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition (AMI), is a continuous inhibitory reflex of the muscles surrounding an injured joint, this condition prevents or delays the rehabilitation process. Therapeutic interventions focused on the treatment of AMI are the Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES), the Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), the therapeutic exercise and cryotherapy. Considering AMI as a limiting factor in the rehabilitation of joint injuries, it is important to study the therapeutic interventions made by physiotherapists that might reduce that condition and improve functional recovery and the quality of life of patients with joint diseases. Objective: To review the physiotherapeutic methods that could be the most appropriate to diminish the impact of AMI in the rehabilitation of patients with joint injuries or pathologies. Method: This review included the analysis of 9 articles, which were evaluated using the PEDro scale. Results: The TENS, the NMES, the therapeutic exercise and the cryotherapy are the therapeutic interventions that have proven to be most effective in terms of activation, muscular strength and resistance to the harmful effects of AMI. According to the results, cryotherapy is the physical agent with the most positive effect on the inhibited muscle. Conclusions: Further clinical controlled studies that evaluate the effect of these four methods in clinical conditions are needed. More studies are also needed to establish the appropriate dose of cryotherapy

Objective: To identify the biosecurity process in aerosol therapy equipment used by caregivers and professionals in Respiratory Therapy in a home-based healthcare program in the city of Cali, Colombia, in 2016. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed. The studied population was composed of 54 adults, caregivers (n = 16) and professionals (n = 38) that belonged to the respiratory therapy program of the IPS SISANAR. A survey-type data collection instrument was designed. The statistical package Stata 10 was used for data analysis, which was reviewed and validated. Frequencies and percentages were calculated as well as 95% confidence intervals. Results: It was found that 96.3% of the participants performed clinical handwashing before performing nebulized therapy, where 55.8% used masks to wash the micronebulizers, 28.8% used gloves and 15.4% did not use any. The micronebulizers’ disinfection was performed by 59.3% of the participants. This disinfection is mainly done with hypochlorite and hand sanitizer. Discussion: It is important to formalize a proper education through protocols for patients and caregivers, to teach them about the cleaning and biosafety processes for the maintenance of the aerosol therapy equipment in home-based healthcare. This will allow a reduction of superinfections associated with microorganisms present in the equipment.

Physical deconditioning is a physiological and metabolic loss of conditions that affects various systems due to the permanence of a person at rest. It affects their performance and functional possibilities and it is commonly found in intensive care units (ICU). In this context, this situation could be intervened with programs of physiotherapy action. Objective: to review the in recent literature the guidance elements for interventions made by Physiotherapists in situations of deconditioning in intensive care units. Method: A document review research was made, with a descriptive range, by consulting databases between June 2014 and February 2015. Results: In the research, 32 articles that met the inclusion criteria were found and 53% of them were experimental studies. Intervention approaches focused on strategies aimed at training aerobic capacity, muscular strength and endurance, 25% of these articles showed that patients who were involved of Physical Therapy in intensive care units had a significant improvement in lung function, muscle performance and particularly in the effective training of the explosive force. Conclusions: The research showed that early interventions made by professionals in Physiotherapy can reverse the complications caused by prolonged immobility and these should be implemented during the first 24 hours after the admission of the patient.

Aunque Chile es, hasta ahora, uno de los países de Latinoamérica con menor tasade criminalidad derivada del narcotráfico, no ha quedado exento de la influencia dela narcocultura, originada en Colombia y México. Chile ha realizado una apropiacióncultural (Subercaseaux, 1988) de las características de lo narco, produciendosus propias ficciones. En el siguiente documento se analiza la narcoserie chilenaPrófugos (2012), como un ejemplo de esta apropiación cultural, ya que –a pesarde incluir elementos propios de la narcocultura: estilística gore, atemporalidad circular,deslegitimidad del Estado (Santos, Vásquez y Urgelles, 2016)– incorporasignos nacionales representativos que dan cuenta de la historia nacional reciente:la dictadura chilena, la lucha estudiantil y el conflicto con el pueblo mapuche. Seconcluye que Chile se ha valido de un formato extranjero –la narcocultura– paracontar y analizar el contexto socio-histórico del Chile contemporáneo.

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Introduction: Preeclampsia in Cuba has an incidence of 10 to 12 and a neonatal mortality of 35%. There is little evidence about the standard treatment. The use of epidural anesthesia in severe preeclampsia is accepted because, among other benefits, it stabilizes blood pressure. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous epidural anesthesia as an adjuvant in the postoperative control of blood pressure in patients with severe preeclampsia. Method: An experimental study was performed at Dr. Agostinho Neto Hospital in the period 2013-2016. We included 180 pregnant women aged 15-40 and with severe preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section (ASA III), randomly assigned to a study group and a control group. In both cases, we used the Cuban obstetrical standard for treating preeclampsia. The control group received postoperative analgesia according to the recommendations of the hospital protocol, while continuous epidural anesthesia was used with 12.5 mg/h of bupivacaine 0.125 % in the study group. Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure were measured during the first eight postoperative hours. Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was controlled in 93 % and 88 %, respectively. In the control group, 47 % needed three antihypertensive drugs, while 6 % evolved towards eclampsia. Symptoms were controlled in 97 % of the study group. Tachycardia was the most common expected side effect of epidural anesthesia. Conclusions: Epidural anesthesia with 12.5 mg/h of bupivacaine is effective as an adjuvant in controlling postoperative blood pressure in patients with severe preeclampsia.