Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

LAZZARATO, Maurizio. Fascismo ou revolução? O neoliberalismo em chave estratégica. SãoPaulo: N-1 Edições, 2019. 208 p.

The study that originated the present article had the goal of analyzing the culture of patient safety in primary health care in a large municipality in the state of Paraná, Brazil, according to the professional category. We conducted a cross-sectional study with primary health care workers, and the data was collected in 2017 through the application of a self-reported instrument called Survey on Patient Safety Culture for Primary Health Care (Pesquisa sobre Cultura de Segurança do Paciente para Atenção Primária, in Portuguese). The results indicated that the work process in each service where they work and the support from the managers were the dimensions of the safety culture that had the weakest evaluations. In general, there were differences of opinions regarding the perception of the safety culture on the part of the primary health care professionals, indicating the importance of the joint planning of health care strategies. The nurse technicians revealed a higher prevalence of weak evaluations of patient safety culture. On the other hand, the nurses revealed a lower prevalence of weak evaluations regarding safety culture.

Given the magnitude of the phenomenon of violence against children and adolescents in Brazil, which represents more than a third of the cases reported for this offense in the country, the objective of this study was to analyze the perception of health professionals about the identification and compulsory notification of cases of violence against children and adolescents in Primary Health Care. This is an exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, carried out with 14 professionals from two Family Health Units in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, in 2021. The data was collected in interviews guided by a semi-structured script and analyzed using Bardin’s analysis. The results indicate that the professionals recognize their ethical responsibility in the process of reporting violence against children and adolescents, mainly due to the family and territorial context in which they are inserted. However, there are still many challenges that interfere with the practical implications of notification in Primary Care, such as fear of violence and reprisals in the territory and lack of training. Investing in strategies to encourage reporting, in order to ensure technical and scientific support, is essential for the consolidation of the practice.

The aim was to understand the main needs and demands of male rural workers regarding a Primary Health Care team in Southeastern Brazil. It is a qualitative study, which was guided by the hermeneutic-dialectical approach. We conducted 41 in-depth interviews, recorded notes on field journals, and collected secondary data. In the analysis, we used the levels of interpretation, which enabled the development of two thematic categories for the health needs: “increase in the supply of medicines” and “access to specialized and specific prostate exams.” We also developed two categories for the social demands: “acknowledgment as users of the health service” and “education in health groups dealing with male issues.” The discussion was based on the attributes of Primary Health Care and on the Social Markers and Intersectionality Theory. The study enabled us to comprehend the production process, to get to know the clinical-epidemiological characteristics, and to discuss the invisibility of the rural workers in the demand for and access to health services. We observed a high regard for the curative care model, and the positive contribution of the demand of the men to the strengthening of the movements of struggle for the right to social health.

This is a qualitative study that analyzed the practices of territorial care in mental health developed by nurses, community health workers and users of the psychosocial care centers and of primary health care. We conducted interviews, focus groups and free observation with 60 participants from the city of Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil, in 2017. The data analysis was based on hermeneutics-dialectics in the face of a critical and reflective interpretive exercise. The results revealed that the territorialization process is developed by the multidisciplinary team from the Health of the Family Strategy, without the participation of the professional of the psychosocial care center. Even though they may sometimes develop community practices, they still privilege actions within the service itself and those focusing on the medicalization of mental suffering, without taking into consideration the singularities of the subjects, and with no interaction with the primary health care services. The community health workers, if trained, are potentially strategic actors to work on the interface between mental health and primary health care. In fact, the mental health outlook urges for the transformation of a model that privileges the reflection of new actions into multiple dimensions, with an emphasis on the connection of the services and the training of the workers that act in this context.

The research that originated the present article is related to the context of the theoretical category of ‘unfinished republics.’ It had the goal of analyzing the perception of the teachers of a pre-school education unit of a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, regarding the production of dignity through work, and was performed in the second semester of 2018. The data was collected using three instruments: individual interviews, focus groups and field journals. The data indicate the loneliness in the interface among teaching in pre-school education, neoliberalism and dignity through the echo of the voices of the teachers who announced the dismissal of their production of dignity through work, which affects directly and negatively their health condition. We indicate the conditions for the establishment of this dehumanizing situation and propose the recognition and stimulus to collective work as tools for transformation.

Nursing work is in increasing demand, becoming strenuous especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the objective of the study was to assess the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health of nursing professionals through a systematic reviewof the literature with meta-analysis, including studies published in 2020 in Web of Science, PubMed and SciELO. Regarding the systematic review, we included 25 studies with a cross-sectional design, from 12 countries. The participants were mostly nurses or nursing teams. Mental impacts such as anxiety, depression, discouragement and a feeling of obligation to work were frequently reported by study participants. The metaanalyses included psychological distress variables, and no association was found between psychological distress and being a frontline healthcare professional (OR 0.94; 95% CI0.33–2.67). The mental health of nursing professionals has been negatively impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. The main symptoms presented were anxiety, depression and discouragement, and many nurses felt obliged to work on the front lines of the fight against the pandemic; although they suffer emotional impacts and work overload in health services.

This essay is about Paulo Freire’s “untested feasibility” construct, and it aims to explore its potentialities in collective health. A total of 38 works by the author were analyzed, nine of which discuss untested feasibility, which enables the recognition of the construct’s underlying meanings. Three core ideas were explored for this understanding: the conditions and contexts of emergency of the untested feasibilities; examples; and the meanings of the untested feasibilities. The emergence of untested feasibilities results from a complex pedagogical process, which goes from the defamiliarization regarding reality to the critical perception of the subjects involved, which contributes to the development of untested feasibilities, as a step that precedes action. Even though some of the analyzed works mention examples of untested feasibilities, those were not clarifying regarding the understanding of the possible meanings of untested feasibility. Based on the ideas contained in Freire’s works regarding praxis, project, futurity, dream, utopia and hope, the comprehension of untested feasibility was based on the sense of collective project. We propose a pedagogy applied to collective health that incorporates “untested feasibility” as a possibility of transcending the technical training, which is based exclusively on informational contents, also investing in the capacities of indignation and denunciation and in the development of collective projects.

O texto debate o negacionismo científico com base em duas referências principais. A primeira é de ordem epistemológica e remete ao discurso pós- moderno sobre a ciência, com sua relativização dos critérios de busca e definição da verdade. Compreende, no entanto, que, contemporaneamente, esse fenômeno ultrapassa os espaços de discussão científica, atingindo o conjunto da sociedade. Para dar conta dessa particularidade, tem, como segunda referência, discussões sobre o processo de formação de opiniões, concepções de mundo e convicções do que o filósofo italiano Antonio Gramsci chamou de ‘homem do povo’. São usados, para esse fim, o conceito de senso comum, do mesmo pensador e militante sardo, e a teorização de Agner Heller sobre como a adesão aos diferentes conhecimentos que atravessam o cotidiano das pessoas depende de sentimentos de identidade como a fé (não religiosa) e a confiança que, segundo a autora, têm motivações e efeitos distintos. Defende, por fim, que é preciso reafirmar a objetividade como um critério da ciência no debate epistemológico, mas que é igualmente necessário enfrentar esse problema no terreno da luta de classes, fortalecendo relações orgânicas de identidade e confiança como parte da disputa de hegemonia.

The present qualitative and cross-sectional study has the aim of analyzing the perspective of the professionals of the psychosocial care centers regarding the matrix support as a psychosocial care strategy in mental health. We used ten semi-structured interviews with mental health service professionals from the municipality of Imperatriz, in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. We concluded that these professionals understand matrix support as an indispensable tool to organize psychosocial care, but it is still used incipiently in their everyday practice regarding the following challenges: coexistence of the psychosocial and biomedical models; lack of work conditions; lack of permanent and ongoing education in the care network; bureaucratization and verticalization of the management actions; and motivation to work on the part of the teams. Some successful experiences regarding matrix support for these workers resulted from the co-management of work processes between professional and users. We recommend that there be a clear direction of the work on the part of the management, with a definition of a team of matrix workers and a planning for its development, creating work processes that favor such a practice.