Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction. Dieback is a severe disease reported in mango-producing regions of Mexico; however, there is limited information regarding growers’ perception and management of this disease. Objective. To assess mango growers’ perception and management practices regarding dieback disease in the municipality of Actopan, Veracruz, Mexico, while describing their socioeconomic and production characteristics. Materials and methods. The research was conducted in the municipality of Actopan, Veracruz, Mexico, during 2021-2022. Semi-structured interviews consisting of 45 questions were conducted with mango growers. The study addressed growers’ socioeconomic characteristics, orchard management practices, recurring diseases, and their perception and management of mango dieback. Data analysis was performed using various multivariate and descriptive statistical tools. Results. Most mango growers were men (94 %) with a wide age range, predominantly consisting of elderly and young adults. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct groups of producers: small (56 %), medium (16 %), and large (28 %), each with specific characteristics regarding cultivated area, agronomic management, and yield (M = 8.54 ± 3.75 t/ha). Dieback was recognized by all interviewed growers, who identified gummosis, branch rot, and trunk rot as the main symptoms associated with the disease. Only 18.75 % of growers implement specific management or control measures through chemical and mineral fungicides. Conclusions. For mango growers in Actopan, Veracruz, dieback represents a disease of major importance in their cultivation. While growers implement basic management strategies, these have proven inefficient, driving interest in developing new and improved control tools.

Introduction. Climate change has necessitated modifications to production methods in livestock systems. Objective. To review the state of the art on the sperm cryopreservation from livestock species and its potential contribution to sustainable development. Development. Scientific articles published between 2000 and 2024 were reviewed from the Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases. Sperm freezing can be considered a method to optimize animal reproduction. However, during the process, reactive oxygen species formation can be stimulated, promoting membrane lipid peroxidation, which may cause structural and molecular damage compromising sperm functionality and male gamete fertilizing capacity. The success of sperm cryopreservation in livestock species can be improved through the inclusion of extrinsic factors such as antioxidant addition, centrifugation, or freezing method selection. This reproductive biotechnology is associated with artificial insemination, and the combination of these techniques has enabled optimization of livestock system profitability through continuous genetic improvement. Conclusions. The optimization of germplasm cryopreservation in species of zootechnical interest has contributed to increased productivity and efficiency in livestock systems, as well as to species conservation possibilities, which are key factors to achieve sustainability.

In this article, I examine the causal argument defended by some philosophers, who argue thatonly the intrinsic or internal properties of the cognitive subject are relevant for explainingbehavior, based on the relationship between causally efficacious and explanatorily relevantproperties. Although it is commonly accepted that causally efficacious properties areintrinsic, I will argue that the causal argument fails to fulfill its purpose. This is becauseextrinsic or external properties can be equally explanatory, as the properties determiningexplanatory relevance can be characterized not only in causal terms but also in non-causalterms. Towards the end of the paper, drawing from new explanatory models emerging fromneuroscience and mathematics, I will show how non-causal models could be an interestingalternative for explaining behavior in certain cases.

We seek to analyze a series of overlapping coincidences found both in the concepts of Jakob von Uexküll´s surrounding world (Umwelt) and Edmund Husserl´s lifeworld (Lebenswelt) to make a critique to the exercise of an all-objective science. With the Lifeworld Husserl aimed to discuss the forgetting of the subjective dimension in science, not only in its methods, but also in its consequences for everyday human life. To Uexküll, the study of surrounding worlds reveals the need for a science that recognizes itself as a human endeavor and that is under constant revision. As a biologist, Uexküll makes emphasis on the arising of a life scale that does not consider the rest of living beings at the moment of taking action. Thus, we think that exists in both authors a strong fight against a reductionist and atomist way of conceiving existence as a given phenomenon.

This article presents a bibliographical background on violence against children throughout the history of mankind. It proposes a reflection on childhood and adolescence through different historical periods. This was carried out by means of a narrative review of the literature through different databases with the aim of compiling theoretical, historical, and cultural background to guide the discussion. It is concluded that violence against children is a complex, multicausal phenomenon that has accompanied humanity throughout its history. It is necessary to prioritize and give urgency to measures aimed at the promotion and prevention of violence against children.

It seems to be written in stone that postmodern therapies have completely dissociated themselves from the body. Particularly narrative therapy in its use of text metaphor, in its effort to transform the dominant narratives and meanings of people's life experiences into alternative narratives. Given the disembodied considerations of this clinical practice, a review of Michel Foucault's docile body and its transformation into an enlivened spirit in Michael White is proposed. Movement that looks at the constitution of subjectivity as a politically embodied identity. As a hypothesis, it is in narrative therapy where a new way of thinking about corporality and its connection with the revitalization of the “sense of myself” is inaugurated. The reflections will be accompanied by a clinical case.

Introduction. Soil acidity generates toxicity due to high aluminum concentrations and low macronutrients availability in rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) cultivation, causing high production costs when corrected withsynthetic fertilizers and alkaline correctives. Objective. To improve soil acidity indicators through the use ofincreasing doses of two calcareous amendments in a rambutan crop located on the Caribbean coast of Honduras. Materials and methods. A trial was carried out between March and November 2023 under field conditions on aproducer’s farm in the municipality of San Francisco, Atlántida, Honduras. Increasing doses (0, 1, 2 and 3 Mg ha-1) of two types of calcareous amendments were evaluated: agricultural lime with 34.3 % Ca and 0.3 % Mg (CA), and calcite with 25.5 % Ca and 1.2 % Mg (CAL). A randomized complete block design with a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement and three repetitions was used, resulting in 16 treatments. Soil pH, exchangeable aluminum (Al3+), exchangeable acidity(Al3+ + H+), and H+ were measured on five occasions. Results. The individual use of each amendment stimulated the correction of the acidity indicators evaluated; the best dose was 3 Mg ha-1. Soil pH increased with higher doses of both liming materials, and the highest dose (6 Mg ha-1) combining both amendments showed the best response. Theconcentrations of H+, Al3+ and Al3+ + H+ decreased as liming doses increased, with a similar effect observed when using between 3 and 6 Mg ha-1. For most of the parameters analyzed, except H+, significant changes were recorded at the fourth sampling, six months after the lime application, with CA showing better results. Conclusions. Increasing doses of both calcareous amendments reduced soil acidity indicators in rambutan cultivation, with agricultural limeproviding better control.

Introduction. The genus Ceroxylon comprises vulnerable Andean palm species threatened by humanintervention. Ceroxylon alpinum Bonpl. seeds specifically exhibit low germination rates, slow growth, and requirecomplex environmental interactions for development. Objective. To evaluate disinfection methods for zygotic palm embryos to facilitate in vitro cultivation and micropropagation. Materials and methods. Research was conductedbetween February 2021 and March 2022. Wax palm (Ceroxylon alpinum Bonpl.) seeds were harvested during the fruiting stage in El Cairo forest, Salento, Quindío, Colombia, selecting specimens with optimal morphological development and phytosanitary conditions. Seeds were transferred to the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory-CIBUQ in Armenia, Quindío. Surface sterilization was performed using neutral detergent Tween 20 at a concentration of 0.1 % (v/v) and running water, followed by immersion in 3 % NaClO for 25 minutes. Embryos were extracted under a stereoscope and immersed in 70 % alcohol for one minute. Subsequently, they underwent different NaClO concentration treatments for 10 minutes before being cultivated in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium and evaluated for eight weeks. A completely randomized design with a single factor (NaClO concentration) and three levels (1 %, 1.5 %, and 2 %) was used, analyzed through analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05) using Statistica 8 software. Results. Disinfection with 1.5 % NaClO (T2) demonstrated optimal efficacy, yielding 75 % survival and 74 % embryo sprouting rates. In contrast, 2 % NaClO concentration resulted in increased contamination. Conclusion. The disinfection method using 1.5 % NaClO proved most effective for enabling the viability of wax palm zygotic embryos, maximizing in vitro survival and sprouting, thereby enhancing prospects for micropropagation and conservation of this endangered species.

Introduction. The isolation and manipulation of rumen cellulolytic bacterial consortia (CBC) enhance fiber degradation under in vitro conditions. Objective. To obtain CBC from different substrates and simulate ruminal microbiota (RM) manipulation through in vitro gas production test. Materials and methods. The study was conducted from January to June 2024 at the Autonomous University of Guerrero, Cuajinicuilapa, Guerrero, Mexico. CBC wereobtained from rumen fluid using selective culture media with three distinct substrates: ground sawdust (CBCa),Mulatto grass stalk (CBCt), and ground Mulatto grass (CBCm). Two in vitro assays were performed: a) evaluation of the CBC obtained, and b) addition of the CBC to RM. Both assays measured partial biogas production at intervals 0 to 24 h, 24 to 48 h, and 48 to 72 h, and cumulative production. Dry matter degradation (DMD) and cellulolytic enzyme activity (CEA) were assessed at 24, 48, and 72 h. Variables were analyzed in a completely randomized design. Results. In trial 1, CBCa demonstrated superior cumulative biogas production (p < 0.05); DMD at 24 and 72 h was higher for CBCa (p < 0.05); DMD at 48 h and CEA showed no significant differences among CBC (p > 0.05). In trial 2, the addition of CBC to RM did not significantly alter partial biogas production, DMD at 24, 48, and 72 h, nor CEA at 24 and 48 h (p > 0.05). However, the addition of CBCm increased 13.8 and 36.3 % the cumulative biogas production and CEA at 72 h, respectively. Conclusion. CBC obtained from Mulatto grass demonstrated potential forRM manipulation under the specific in vitro conditions of this study.

Introduction. Previous studies related to the inclusion of palmiche flour, nuts of the royal palm (Roystonea regia), in the diet of broiler chickens showed improvements in quality indicators related to lipid composition in thighs, legs, breasts, and abdominal fat. Objective. To assess the impact of palmiche flour consumption on the chemical and sensory attributes of broiler chicken meat. Materials and methods. The study was conducted over 35 days at the Institute of Animal Science, Mayabeque, Cuba, between February and March 2023, using forty 8-day-old male broilers. Experimental treatments comprised a control group and three inclusion levels of 5, 10, and 15 % of palmiche flour. Moisture and ash content were analyzed in thighs and breasts. Qualitative analysis of color, smell, flavor, dryness, hardness, and juiciness was performed in the control and 15 % inclusion treatments. Overall quality wasassessed quantitatively. Results. Moisture increased in the treatments with 5 and 10 % inclusion compared to controland 15 % treatments, which showed no significant differences (69.92 and 70.45 vs. 65.70 and 65.71 %, respectively). Flavor intensity and overall quality in thighs and breasts improved by including 15 % of palmiche flour. Conclusions. While the consumption of 15 % of palmiche flour did not affect the chemical attributes of the meat, it improved sensory characteristics, particularly flavor, and overall quality of broiler thighs and breasts meat.