Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

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The goal of the present study was to describe the implementation of Primary Health Care in the Northeastern Region of Brazil and its correlation with socialindicators. It is an ecological study with data from the Primary Health Care Department (Departamento de Atenção Básica, in Portuguese) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, in Portuguese), and the variable of the study is the number of Community Health Workers, Health of the Family Teams and Health of the Family Support Centers. The calculation of the time trend of the Community Health Workers and of the Health of the Family Teams was performed using Poisson’s joinpoint regression. We observed a strong correlation (r ≥ 0.7) between the social indicators and the implementation of Primary Health Care and of the Health of the Family Center in the Northeastern Region, inadequate sanitary sewage systems, total fertility rate, houses with indoor plumbing, percentage of houses with garbage collection, life expectancy at birth, aging rate, and probability of living until the age of 60 years. The health and development variables presented a statistically significant (p< 0.05) change in the correlation and determination coefficient. There is a time trend regarding the increase in the implementation of Primary Health Care in theNortheast, and there is also a strong correlation between the social and health indicators.

The study that originated the present article, which was conducted between 2015 and 2017, has the goal of understanding the possible relationships in the productive, environmental and sanitary contexts in the municipality of Goiana, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, with the arrival of the Fiat Chrysler Automobiles multinational enterprise. We aimed at developing an explanatory matrix based on the Driving force-Pressure-State-Exposure-Effect-Action framework, with the systematization of indicators for the monitoring of changes in the territory that could affect the health of the local population and the environment due to the establishment of the automotive complex. In order to do so, we proposed descriptive components for each dimension of the matrix, and we performed a systematization of secondary data in different databanks. We noticed effects on the well-being within the local context due to the territorial exposure to an increase in violence, precarization and injuries related to work, environmental contamination and precarious sanitation. In order to face the complex and systematic problems identified, we propose actions that can subsidize strategies for the vigilance in environmental health and in the health of the worker. Through the framework, we can describe processes of vulnerabilization in the local territories, associating them with productive structuring forces and changes in the social reproduction situation.

Thise article analyzes the role of the institutional supporters as individuals responsible for the conduction of public policies. Thus, it aims to understand the way in which institutional relationships are developed from the basis of the Brazilian State, through the establishment of relational dynamics among public agents, especially in the confrontation of complex issues regarding Brazilian federative relationships. The study was conducted at the General Coordination for Primary Health Care Management of the Primary Health Care Department of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The research was based on qualitative epistemology, with the development of a documentary research, observation, in-depth interviews and focus groups between November 2015 and June 2017. The results enabled the identification of two structuring elements of the work of the supporters - ties to and knowledge of the territory -, which subsidize the development of a typology of the strategy of action developed and operated by the supporters, namely: application, adaptation, and cooperation. We concluded that the advancement in the implementation of the institutional support strategy was fundamentally made possible due to the relational and in-person dynamics among the individuals, and its results indicate concrete possibilities regarding the advancement in the guarantee of the right to health, in spite of the difficulties and contradictions that characterize Brazilian federalism.

To understand how the nursing team workers perceive themselves in the complex interrelationship in the care provided to the ill individual and their family member who acts as carer in the death/dying process. This qualitative research was conducted in a university hospital between March and June 2016 and inspired by the Leininger methodology. A total of 24 family members who were carers and 47 nursing team workers as general informants, 18 of which were key informants. Data collection was performed through semistructured interviews, whose focus was the self-perception of the team regarding the aforementioned process, contemplating the obstacles and the complexity of these interrelationships in the hospital setting. Through an analysis based on Edgar Morin’s theoretical framework of complexity, the work overload, the lack of competence on the part of the professional, and the lack of institutional support stand out as the main obstacles. Regarding the complexity of the relationships, questions related to the professional competence regarding the care, the needs of the family, the appreciation of the workers and its repercussion to the interrelationship with the ill individual and their relative that acts as carer stand out. We believe this study can cause the nursing professional to reflect upon and assess their daily practices in relation to the care provided to the individuals in their death/dying process and to their relatives that act as carers.

The multiprofessional residencies in health meet the needs of the Brazilian Unified Health System and of the Ongoing Education Policy, and are a tool for the training and insertion of professionals in the health services. Due to the fact that it is a new intervention, we proposed an analysis to assess the degree of implementation of the program in two health care services connected to the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, with a documentary analysis and bibliographic reviews, with the development of the logical and theoretical models, and of the analysis and assessment matrix. The data collection, which took place between May and August 2018, was made through interviews with 16 actors from the program. The results of the assessment show favorable aspects regarding the organization of the political pedagogical process, the structuring of the follow-up agencies provided in the legislation, and the development of the selection process. As limiting aspects, we can mention the absence of financial resources to implement the activities of the residency students, low insertion of the tutors and preceptors in the learning process, few training initiatives for the actors, as well as absence of an evaluation by the National Committee of Multiprofessional Residencies in Health.

The present article has the goal of analyzing the work process of a team at the Family Health and Primary Health Care Expanded Support Center locatedin a municipality in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. It is a case study with a qualitative focus and an analytical-descriptive nature. The techniques employed for the data collection were focus groups and analytical maps; for the organization and analysis, we adopted the technique of the Discourse of the Collective Subject. The analysis of the work process revealed in the discourse of the team conceptions regarding a ‘must be’ guided by what is recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. However, the following aspects were identified: there is little success in the execution of the matrix support; there is no success in the development of agreements about the work process; the work is fragmented and has a focus on welfare; and there is no use of the technologies for analysis and family and populational intervention. We also observed that the planning of actions was rarely performed. This reveals a work that differs from what is considered adequate by the very same team. Problematic factors within and without the teams were also identified. We recommend beginning with an analysis of the work process that is to be performed by the very same team, which will contribute to reach more solutions.

Based on the dispersal of meanings that constitutes the naming of the ‘Health of the Worker’ field, we sought to comprehend what is at stake in the constant changes in nomenclature in this field. These changes occur within a timeline, but they happen concomitantly. Its inaugural landmark was found in the stability of the name ‘occupational medicine,’ a name institutionalized by the International Labour Organization in the beginning of the second half of the 20th century. This first gesture of naming was followed by other gestures, established in tense and contradictory relationships of replacement, recovering and concurrence, such as: occupational health, health and safety at work, and, more recently, among these variations, we found the addition of the term ‘Health of the Worker.’ The second-to-last name is the most stable one, and it is used by international and entrepreneurial organizations.

The study had the goal of identifying current changes in the training of medicine professionals that have been brought about by the demands of the More Doctors Program (‘Programa Mais Médicos,’ in Portuguese) in Brazil. The discussions were guided by formulations of the cultural studies in the field of the syllabus. We analyzed articles and research reports on the effects that connect work, learning and changes in the practices of the doctors who integrate the Program. The context of strengthening and development of the Unified Health System (‘Sistema Único de Saúde,’ in Portuguese), certain reforms and political agendas that affect the formal syllabus, and, recently, the implementation of the More Doctors Program itself, are actions that are identified as possibilities created and as spaces where new practices take place within a professional culture that is still biomedical/flexnerian. The results confirmed micro changes in the More Doctors Program that are treated as cultural effects and put into practice in the teaching-service integration, in which the approach of a more humanized work is observed.

In the research that originated this article, which was performed in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 2013 and 2015, we analyzed the work of the institutions regarding the crack scenes and the people who attend those institutions, with the goal of making them intelligible. In the perspective of the encounter between the Doctor’s Office in the Street (Consultório na Rua, in Portuguese) and those people present in those scenes who either have become users or not, we shed light on the relationships developed between this population and crack, between the Doctor’s Office in the Street and institutions such as the Police, social aid and other health services. Based on the data produced with the ethnography, one can comprehend two hubs for institutional action: one that is close to making someone die or letting them live, which indeed has a sovereign decision power, and the one according to which the institution offers itself as existential support and, therefore, changes after the encounter with those people it means to care for. We conclude that the existing and possible innovations in the health services are due to this way of working in which the institutions, through what was called ‘institutional responsibility,’ open themselves to transformations triggered by a ‘minority power.