Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

A descriptive and cross-sectional study consisting of the epidemiological clinical characterization of senile cataract in patients over 60 years old seen in the ophthalmology office in the municipality of Viñales Pinar del Río, in the period from 2015 to 2016, was carried out. A total of 546 patients between the ages of 60 years and older with a diagnosis of senile cataract and visual acuity less than 0,3 in the Sellen chart were studied by means of a non-probabilistic sampling of type subjects. A structured interview was applied to the entire sample. We arrived at the following results: significant predominance of female sex and age group 60 to 69 years, the most frequent accompanying systemic disease in these patients is diabetes mellitus, among the most frequent risk factors identified by the patients is smoking, within the same group predominate patients with grade I of validism, according to the way they live we observed great predominance in patients who live accompanied and according to the visual acuity predominance of the group greater than 0,3.

The question seems to have an easy answer: Do critically ill pediatric patients need maintenance fluids? However, there is no consensus on the type of fluids or the need for them. Fluid administration and management is a cornerstone of pediatric intensive care. Many critically ill patients receive large volumes of fluid as part of their initial resuscitation and throughout their critical illness. This can lead to deleterious multisystem effects and possible fluid overload.

Introducción: el estrés es un proceso mediante el cual, se percibe un estímulo como amenazante, generando respuestas psicosomáticas y conductuales consideradas normales hasta cierto punto.Objetivo: caracterizar el estrés académico y las técnicas para su afrontamiento en estudiantes de medicina de Pinar del Río.Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río entre julio y agosto de 2022. Participaron 150 estudiantes. La información fue procesada con empleo de frecuencias absolutas y relativas porcentuales.Resultados: predominaron los estudiantes de segundo año (36,7 %), del sexo femenino (69,3 %), de procedencia urbana (87,3 %), con nivel de estrés moderado (60,7 %). El 70,4 % de los estudiantes de segundo año presentaban estrés moderado y el 50 % de los de 6to año presentaban estrés severo. Los de procedencia urbana presentaron mayor incidencia de estrés severo (37,4 %). El sexo masculino mostró mayores niveles de estrés moderado y leve (76,1 y 6,5 %), el sexo femenino mostró los niveles más elevados de estrés severo (45,19 %). La verbalización fue la técnica de afrontamiento más empleada (24 % siempre la emplean). La religión fue la menos empleada (45,3 % nunca la emplean).Conclusiones: los estudiantes de medicina de Pinar del Río muestran niveles de estrés moderado. La incidencia del estrés severo fue común en estudiantes de años terminales, del sexo femenino y de procedencia urbana. La verbalización de la situación estresante fue la estrategia de afrontamiento más empleada para afrontar el estrés.

Introducción: la reabsorción dentaria interna es una patología pulpar, ocasionada por un proceso inflamatorio del complejo pulpo-dentinario, de etiología diversa.Presentación de caso: paciente femenina, blanca, de 20 años de edad, que acudió a consulta estomatológica preocupada por un cambio de coloración en un diente, refiriendo traumatismo dental hacía aproximadamente 3 meses, al cual no le prestó importancia, ya que solo presentaba ligero dolor a la masticación en los primeros días y después desapareció por sí solo. Al examen bucal se observó discromia en incisivo central superior derecho (11) de coloración rosada, ausencia de dolor y prueba de vitalidad positiva, más atenuada en relación con su homólogo. Se diagnosticó una reabsorción dentaria interna, se realizó un tratamiento pulpo radicular y posterior obturación del conducto con técnica de condensación lateral.Conclusiones: una preparación químico-mecánica, una obturación, y una buena restauración post-endodóntica, permiten que el pronóstico a largo plazo de la reabsorción dentaria interna presente resultados predecibles y favorables.

Introduction: knowledge of the characteristics, techniques and modes of action of dental trauma constitute a need from the Stomatology undergraduate degree.Objective: to design a multimedia on dental trauma aimed at Stomatology students.Method: a technological development research was carried out in the 2019-2020 academic year at the Stomatology Faculty of the University of Medical Sciences of Santiago de Cuba. A validation was carried out using the Delphi method by 22 experts and an evaluation by 20 first-year Stomatology students. CrheaSoft and object-oriented programming, Adobe Photoshop 10 CS3, Microsoft Office 2016, Adobe Reader and Adobe Flash were used for the design.Results: more than 90% of the specialists gave the maximum evaluation to each dimension. The highest rating was obtained by more than 95% of users in terms of the quality of the images, videos and sound simulations, understanding of the content, design and colors, help to integrate the content and the ease of use and interaction. Prior to the application of the multimedia, 90% of the students presented an inadequate level of knowledge about dental trauma, while after the application, only 10% presented inadequate knowledge.Conclusions: a multimedia was designed that integrates the fundamental contents related to dental trauma and its management in stomatological practice, validated through the judgment of experts and users. An increase in knowledge related to the subject was achieved after the use of multimedia by students. 

Introduction: the study of the characteristics of patients with COVID-19 makes it possible to determine risk groups in specific populations and to outline strategies by the institutions to improve the quality of care for these patients.Objective: to characterize patients with COVID-19 in Pinar del Río between March 2020 and March 2021.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the province of Pinar del Río between March 2020 and March 2021. The sample consisted of 450 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.Results: female patients predominated (56 %), with a history of arterial hypertension (24,6 %). A high incidence of COVID was found in individuals with between two and five chronic non-communicable diseases (40,2 %). Of all patients diagnosed with COVID-19, 49 % were passive smokers.Conclusions: COVID-19 occurred mainly in patients with several chronic diseases, as well as in those exposed to tobacco smoke and with a history of infectious processes.

Introduction: the international epidemiological scene is characterized by the co-circulation of several infectious diseases. In this context, bibliometrics needs to use modern technologies and tools that offer updated and reliable information about the behavior of science in the most diverse branches of knowledge.Objective: to characterize the behavior of Cuban scientific production on infectious diseases in SCOPUS.Method: an observational, descriptive and retrospective longitudinal bibliometric study was carried out, in which the data offered by Scimago Journal & Country Rank were used. A search was made of the data offered by this platform on the publications on infectious diseases carried out in Cuba from 2001 to 2020.Results: In the period studied, a total of 1,342 documents were published for an average of 67.1 documents per year. The growth rate in this period was 178.9% with an average annual rate of 8.9%.A total of 20 383 cites were made in the period for an average of cites of 1019,1 cites per year.The total number of self-citations was 3700, the years 2006 (362) and 2007 (358) were the years with the highest number.Conclusions: cuban scientific production on infectious diseases has a marked upward trend, however it is necessary to increase scientific training in these areas in order to improve quality and impact and thus increase the number of citations. Self-citations maintain values higher than those found in other subject areas and a tendency to decrease.

Introduction: nutritional status is a fundamental condition that determines health and influences disease.Objective: to characterize the nutritional status of the pediatric population attended in the health area of the University Polyclinic "Raúl Sánchez" of Pinar del Río between 2019 and 2020.Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, cross-sectional study was carried out on a group of infants in the health area of the University Polyclinic "Raúl Sánchez" of Pinar del Río between 2019 and 2020. The sample consisted of 168 children and adolescents. To obtain information, the clinical histories and the analysis of the health situation were reviewed. Descriptive statistical techniques were used for their processing.Results: female sex predominated (57,73 %). Among both sexes, the predominant age group was 5 to 9 years old (32,14 %). Normal weight children and adolescents predominated (83,92 %). Some risk factor for nutritional status disorders was identified in 56,54 %. Inadequate dietary habits predominated (36,84 %).Conclusions: the pediatric population presented a favorable nutritional status, with a predominance of normopese patients, however, inadequate dietary habits were identified, as well as family history of overweight or obesity.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 mainly affects the respiratory system, however, various clinical studies have shown that the coronavirus family has a certain tropism for the nervous system.Objective: to characterize the neurological manifestations of patients older than 18 years positive for SARS-CoV-2.Method: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, in patients older than 18 years positive for SARS-CoV-2, during the period from February to August 2021, belonging to the "Manuel Piti Fajardo" Polyclinic, Cruces municipality, Cienfuegos province, Cuba. The universe consisted of 68 patients, all were studied. The variables age, sex, presence of symptoms, neurological manifestations and duration of neurological manifestations were studied. Descriptive statistics were used.Results: there was a predominance of patients between 31 and 40 years old (36,8 %), as well as those between 19 and 30 years old (27,9 %). 52,94 % of the patients were male. 11,8 % of the patients were asymptomatic. 85 % of symptomatic patients presented headache as a neurological manifestation. Headache was found to be the longest-lasting manifestation, where 16,7 % presented it for more than 14 days.Conclusions: Among the patients infected with COVID-19, those of the male sex, under 40 years of age, were prone to present neurological manifestations. Among the neurological manifestations, headache was common, being at the same time the symptom with the longest duration.