Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introducción: la productividad de los científicos constituye en la actualidad un elemento importante para los gerentes de la ciencia, al identificar tendencias y liderazgo en las diferentes áreas de la ciencia.Objetivo: caracterizar las tendencias e impacto de la producción científica cubana en Scopus sobre neurociencias entre 2011 y 2021 en el contexto latinoamericano.Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo, bibliométrico de la producción científica cubana sobre neurociencias publicada en Scopus entre 2011 y 2021.  Se analizaron las variables año, número de documentos, documentos publicados en América Latina, documentos citables y citables en América Latina, número de citas por año , citas por año en América Latina (NcitL), autocitas, citas por documento, índice h y posición en América Latina e internacional según productividad.Resultados: América Latina y el Caribe publicaron un total de 41304 artículos, de ellos 533 (1,29 %) con autoría cubana. Los años más productivos fueron el 2021 (64 artículos) y el 2018 (60 artículos). Se recibieron un total de 8663 citas, lo cual representó el 1,42 % de las citas recibidas en el periodo por Latinoamérica. Del total de citas recibidas, el 0,1 % fueron autocitas. Se encontró una tendencia a la disminución del número de citas por artículos. El índice h se mantuvo en 72 durante el periodo, excepto en 2015 que ascendió a 89.Conclusiones: existe una baja producción científica cubana sobre neurociencias en revistas indexadas en Scopus, con volúmenes de artículos y citas que siguen una tendencia a la disminución. Se hace necesario articular docencia, asistencia y publicación para palear esta dificultad. 

Introducción: el bloqueo del plexo braquial es el método anestésico más utilizado en los procedimientos quirúrgicos de los miembros superiores. Objetivo: caracterizar a los pacientes sometidos a bloqueo del plexo braquial en cirugía de miembro superior en el Hospital Abel Santamaría Cuadrado, Pinar del Río 2019-2020. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal en pacientes con lesiones de miembros superiores atendidos en conjunto por los servicios de Anestesia y Reanimación, Ortopedia-Traumatología y Angiología, del Hospital Abel Santamaría Cuadrado de Pinar del Río, entre 2019 y 2020. La muestra estuvo constituida por 40 pacientes. La información fue procesada con empleo de frecuencias absolutas y relativas porcentuales. Resultados: predominaron los pacientes con edades entre 31 y 40 años (42,5 %), sexo masculino (65 %), ASA I (60 %), con cirugía de tipo electiva (75 %). La fractura aislada de radio fue la lesión más frecuente (22,5 %). Durante el transoperatorio y 8 horas de posoperatorio predominaron los pacientes sin dolor (62,5 y 82,5 %). El 37,5 % de los pacientes presentaron un período de latencia de 15 a 30 minutos. Predominaron los pacientes sin complicaciones inmediatas (32,5 %). Conclusiones: Los pacientes sometidos a anestesia local mediante bloqueo del plexo braquial en el Hospital Abel Santamaría muestran ausencia de dolor durante los períodos transoperatorio y posoperatorio de 8 horas, con una latencia aproximada de 15 a 30 minutos y sin complicaciones inmediatas graves.

Introduction: the improvement of health professionals is a necessity due to the continuous scientific and technical development.Objective: to identify the regularities of the professional training process on Community Acquired Pneumonia for Internal Medicine teachers at León Cuervo Rubio Hospital in Pinar del Río.Method: educational research was developed based on the dialectical-materialistic method, integrating qualitative and quantitative aspects, using theoretical and empirical methods such as the historical-logical, systemic-structural, documentary review, surveys, interview and observation, respectively. In addition, descriptive and inferential statistical methods, the sample used was 25 intentionally selected specialists in Internal Medicine teachers. The variable studied was the professional improvement process on Community Acquired Pneumonia.Results: Insufficient training actions on CAP directed to teachers. Deficient integration of CAP contents in on-the-job education through the use of the clinical method. Training actions with a sequential approach to the objectives and contents of NAC have not yet been organized. Weaknesses in the pedagogical preparation of teachers to have an impact on the improvement of performance on management of Community Acquired Pneumonia.Conclusions: There are limited actions for the improvement of the management of CAP, the planned professional development process does not make possible the updating and deepening of the contents of CAP, necessary to improve the performance of teachers in order to transform the health status of patients admitted and improve their quality of life.   

Introduction: lung cancer, an almost exceptional disease in the 20th century, has become a major health problem worldwide.Objective: to clinically and epidemiologically characterize lung cancer in patients operated in the surgery service of the Abel Santamaría Cuadrado Hospital, in the period 2021-2022.Methods: an analytical, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients operated at the "Abel Santamaría" Hospital. The universe and the sample consisted of 18 electively operated patients. Theoretical, empirical and descriptive statistical methods were used. The variables analyzed were age, sex, form of presentation, relationship with smoking, risk factors, histological subtype and type of surgery.Results: male sex and age group between 44 and 72 years old predominated, being the most frequent form of presentation the alteration of respiratory function, some with exacerbation of old symptoms followed by the general syndrome, with predominance of workers in the agricultural and industrial sectors. Adenocarcinoma was identified as the most frequent histological type, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, for a predominance of stage IIb and IIa.Conclusions: A clinical epidemiological behavior with a predominance of male patients over 50 years of age was verified, it is noteworthy that the predominant form of presentation was respiratory alterations, and the low association existing between these at the primary care level and by the general population with said disease.

Introduction: cardiovascular diseases, and especially hypertension constitute a health problem with high prevalence.Objective: to characterize the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors in Pinar del Río in 2018 and 2019.Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study in patients with hypertension in the province of Pinar del Río during the years 2018 and 2019. Reports from the statistics department of the Provincial Health Directorate were used as a source for obtaining the information.Results: the prevalence rate of hypertension was 27,31 and 28,50 per 100 inhabitants respectively in 2018 and 2019 of, with a variation of 4,35 %. The highest rate for both years was exhibited by Mantua municipality (36,52 and 37,17 per 100 inhabitants in 2018 and 2019 respectively). Smoking and sedentary lifestyle were the most prevalent risk factors (17 and 13 cases per 100 inhabitants). The highest smoking rates were exhibited in 2018 by Viñales and in 2019 by Mantua. Obesity and sedentary lifestyle showed higher prevalence in both 2018 and 2019 in Guane municipality. Viñales presented the highest prevalence of alcoholism, and La Palma of hypercholesterolemia.Conclusions: an increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors was observed between 2018 and 2019. The municipalities with the highest prevalence of hypertension coincide with the highest prevalences of its risk factors.

Introduction: Cuba is among the most aged countries in the world, so this age group is not exempt from suffering chronic diseases as a consequence of this natural process. Sedentary lifestyle is associated with obesity and diseases such as hypertension, and is one of the 10 main causes of mortality and disability in the world. Sedentary lifestyle is one of the most prevalent modifiable risk factors in the general population.Objective: to evaluate community intervention to reduce sedentary lifestyle in hypertensive older adults of the clinic #59 belonging to the Pedro Borràs Astorga Polyclinic of the municipality of Pinar del Rio in the period from September 2021 to June 2023.Methodology: an action research will be carried out in which the study universe will be constituted by 161 hypertensive older adults and the sample will be formed, using a purposive sampling by those who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The following scientific research methods will be used: theoretical and empirical methods. The data obtained will be processed using percentage analysis as a statistical method and will be represented in contingency tables.Results: It is expected to obtain the reduction of sedentary lifestyle in hypertensive older adults of the studied community from an intervention plan, which will allow them to increase their quality of life and achieve a satisfactory longevity.

Introduction: acute myocardial infarction is a disease with high morbidity and mortality.Objective: to determine the knowledge level of medical students about the diagnosis and management of acute myocardial infarction.Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out between January and February 2022 in medical students from the University of Medical Sciences of Pinar del Río who participated in the provincial update workshop on acute myocardial infarction. Through intentional sampling, a sample of 92 students was selected. To collect the information, a survey was used using Google Forms.Results: the female sex (65,21%), the age group from 21 to 22 years (65,21%) and the fourth-year students (50%) prevailed. Hypertension was the most identified risk factor (97,98%). 97,82% of the students identified precordial pain as the main clinical manifestation. 100% identified the presentation with complications, where sudden death was the most identified (81,52%). 100% point to the electrocardiogram as the main complementary, where ST alterations were the most identified (84,78%). 95,65% of the students indicated constant monitoring of vital parameters and cardiovascular function as the management measure.Conclusions: Medicine students belonging to the clinical area at the University of Medical Sciences of Pinar del Río have an adequate level of knowledge about the diagnosis and management of acute myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are a set of conditions of the heart and blood vessels. There are risk factors that have a greater contribution in the development of these diseases.Objective: To identify cardiovascular risk factors in older adults belonging to the family doctor's office No. 6 from January 2020 to April 2022.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, from a universe of 192 older adults, 152 were selected by non-probabilistic purposive sampling. Theoretical and empirical methods, such as surveys, were used for data collection. For statistical analysis, the distribution of absolute frequencies and percentages were used, in addition to the Odds ratio, to verify the association between risk factors and cardiovascular diseases.Results: The predominant age group in the sample studied was between 60 and 69 years and female sex. Alcohol consumption, smoking, dyslipidemia, and hypertension were the cardiovascular risk factors significantly associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases; more than half of the sample presented a diagnostic conclusion of high risk for the development of a cardiovascular event.Conclusions: cardiovascular risk factors in older adults constitute a problem to be faced by Primary Health Care in order to reduce the development of cardiovascular diseases in this age group.

Introduction: the ability to dispense to people and families is a fundamental professional skill to work in Primary Health Care.Objective: to describe the tendencies of the process of teacher training of Primary Health Care tutors to form the ability to dispense to people and families in medical students.Method: a descriptive and transversal research was carried out at the “Luis Augusto Turcios Lima” University Polyclinic during the 2019-2020 academic year. The universe was constituted by the 16 categorized tutors who teach on-the-job education in the course of medicine in the subject Comprehensive General Medicine and the selected sample corresponded to the universe. Theoretical methods were used, such as the historical-logical and empirical methods, such as the documentary review of the methodological work plans of the subject Integral General Medicine and of the year groups, interview to the tutors and the observation of the activities of education at work. Descriptive statistical procedures were used.Results: the training of dispensing skills is not part of the methodological work lines, and the tutors recognize their scarce preparation to train this skill, as evidenced in the observation of on-the-job education activities.Conclusions: the diagnosis made showed that tutors of Primary Health Care present pedagogical insufficiencies to carry out the training of the ability to dispense to people and families in medical students, being necessary to increase their teacher training in aspects related to this topic.

Introducción: La reanimación cardiopulmonar es el conjunto de maniobras estandarizadas que se realizan con el objetivo de revertir la parada cardiorrespiratoria Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención educativa sobre reanimación cardiopulmonar básica en estudiantes de Ciencias Médicas.Método: se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de tipo antes y después sin grupo de control en estudiantes de las Ciencias Médicas participantes en el I Taller sobre RCP básica, en el período comprendido entre febrero y marzo de 2022. El universo estuvo compuesto por 395 participantes.Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino (68,35 %) y el grupo etario entre 19 y 21 años (61,26 %). El 1er año aportó el 26,58 % de los participantes. Predominaron los estudiantes de Pinar del Río (23,54 %). Previo a la intervención predominaron los estudiantes con un nivel de conocimientos bajos (54,43 %), posteriormente predominó un nivel de conocimientos alto (57,46 %). Los estudiantes que recibieron cursos previos teórico-prácticos mostraron una mayor efectividad en el cuestionario inicial (62,16 %), esto dejó de ser significativo posterior a la intervención. Previa y posteriormente a la intervención, las preguntas sobre generalidades mostraron mayor efectividad. Los estudiantes de área clínica mostraron mayor efectividad, el 5to año mostró los mejores resultados. Las provincias de Sancti Spíritus y Mayabeque mostraron mayor efectividad en ambos momentos.Conclusiones: la aplicación de la intervención educativa tuvo un impacto favorable sobre el nivel de conocimiento sobre reanimación cardiopulmonar de los estudiantes, brindando herramientas necesarias para el manejo de las emergencias médicas.