Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: pulp and periapical pathologies are frequently associated with systemic diseases.Objective: to describe pulp and periapical diseases in patients with systemic diseases belonging to the "Pedro Borra Astorga" University Polyclinic of Pinar del Río.Methods: an observational, descriptive and transversal study was carried out. Universe: patients of both sexes with pulpal and periapical diseases who attended the emergency department. Sample: non-probabilistic, of these patients with previous diagnosis of systemic disease. Variables: age, sex, pulp and periapical diseases, dental organ, affected quadrants and systemic diseases. Absolute and relative frequencies were used.Results: 67,5 % of the patients belonged to the 35-59 years age group and 54,8 % to the female sex, 51,6 % manifested pulp diseases and 48,4 % periapical diseases; irreversible pulpitis (27 %) and acute apical abscess (21,4 %) were the most frequent. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension prevailed. Periapical disease predominated in diabetics (21,4 %) and apical disease in hypertensive patients (19,4 %).Conclusions: pulp and periapical diseases predominated in the female sex and in the 35 to 59 years age group; the most frequent pulp disease was irreversible acute pulpitis. The first molars and the lower left quadrant were the most affected. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the most prevalent systemic diseases. Acute apical abscess and pulp necrosis prevailed in diabetics, while irreversible pulpitis and acute apical abscess were more frequent in hypertensive patients.

Introduction: in the rehabilitation service of the "Luis Augusto Turcios Lima" University Polyclinic in the city of Pinar del Río, gonarthrosis is one of the main reasons for consultation, but the effectiveness of this treatment in this disease is unknown.Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment of gonarthrosis.Methods: an observational, descriptive and longitudinal research was carried out in patients with gonarthrosis. The universe consisted of 156 patients and the study sample consisted of 112. Qualitative and quantitative variables were studied and their information was processed by means of descriptive statistics. Medical ethics were respected and the results were reflected in tables and statistical graphs.Results: the predominant age range was 70 to 79 years (35,7 %), as well as male sex (64,3 %). The occupation of retiree was higher in patients studied with 32,1 % presenting risk factors such as mechanical overload in the knee (30,4 %), obesity (25 %) and knee trauma (15,2 %). The prevailing symptoms were pain and difficulty in walking with 75 % and 36,6 % respectively, being higher the intensity of moderate pain (59,5 %); while the results of the rehabilitation treatment were good in 75,9 % of the intervened patients.Conclusions: the rehabilitation treatment of gonarthrosis was evaluated as good, being essential in the integral approach, health care and rehabilitation of patients treated at the "Luis Augusto Turcios Lima" University Polyclinic.

The professional training planned at the Hermanos Cruz polyclinic is periodic and responds to the health problems identified in the community. In order to identify the professional training received by specialists in General Comprehensive Medicine regarding comprehensive care for middle-aged women, a documentary review of the last 3 years was carried out, identifying that most of these problems did not represent events related to the climacteric stage, which generally occupies between 10 to 15 years of the middle-aged woman's life, taking into account that life expectancy in the female population is approximately 2 years below its indicator in the country prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, with striking indicators of morbidity due to chronic diseases after the age of 60 years, which could be related to the perception of individual and family risk in this regard and the actions carried out by specialists in the comprehensive care of women in this age group for the sake of a satisfactory longevity. It is recommended to continue researching and proposing an adequate professional improvement strategy aimed at specialists in General Comprehensive Medicine in the 60 clinics of the community.

Introduction: the study of the incidence of climate change on human health makes it possible to design and integrate protection and prevention measures.Objective: to characterize the risk perception of medical students at the University of Medical Sciences of Havana on the effects of climate change on human health.Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study between January and April 2021. The sample consisted of 166 medical students from the University of Medical Sciences of Havana. The information was obtained through a Google form.Results: 87,95 % of the students evaluated climate change as a harmful phenomenon; 77,72 % considered it an influential factor in the mortality figures. More than 80 % identified vulnerability in their communities and personal health. 96,98 % recognized the role of climate change in the genesis of diseases. 30,2 % related climate change to respiratory diseases and 13,25 % to infectious diseases. 77,71 % of those surveyed considered climate change as a phenomenon related to outbreaks of cholera and malaria, and 50 % with yellow fever and dengue.Conclusions: there was a perception by students of medical sciences in Havana about climate change and its relationship to human health. Students identify the effect of climate change on the genesis of infectious diseases such as cholera and malaria, but to a lesser extent with respiratory diseases.

Introduction: obesity is a disease that has been related to the pandemic of the new coronavirus, suggesting that obese people are at greater risk of suffering severe COVID-19 and its complications. Objective: to describe obesity as a risk factor for complications and death in patients with COVID-19. Methods: a total of 58 sources were reviewed in the Pubmed, SciELO and Ebsco databases, of which 33 citations in English, Portuguese and Spanish were used, all from the years 2020 and 2021. The search terms "obesity", "COVID-19", "mortality", "complications" were used. Results: obese patients infected with COVID-19 are more likely to develop more severe disease, require admission to the intensive care unit and the need for ventilation, due to scientifically demonstrated biological mechanisms. Conclusions: obesity is an independent risk factor for severe disease and death from COVID-19.

Introduction: the student scientific publication is one of the pillars for the comprehensive training of future professionals; Its periodic evaluation through bibliometric indicators allows obtaining objective results and observing its trends.Objective: to describe the scientific production of health students from Las Tunas in Cuban student journals.Methods: a bibliometric, observational, descriptive and retrospective study of the articles published in Cuban student journals in the period from 2019 to 2021 was carried out. The universe was made up of the 64 articles published with authorship from Las Tunas. Descriptive statistics and the Price Index were used.Results: EsTuSalud was the most productive journal (51,56 %), with a predominance of original articles (57,81 %); only one article was published in English. 116 signatories were reported, with a predominance of multiple authorship. 63,72 % of the authors were small producers. 1 158 references were used, with an average of 17,176 per article. 331 references were found in the English language; the Price Index was between 0,19 and 0,74.Conclusions: the original and multiple-authored articles constituted the nucleus of the production of the students from Las Tunas. Small producers and female authors led scientific production. Bibliographical references in Spanish were common, as well as a low Price Index.

A longitudinal, prospective study of educational intervention was carried out in the family medical office No. 60 belonging to the University Polyclinic "Luis A. Turcios Lima" of the Pinar del Río municipality of this province, in the period from January 2020 to December 2020, with the purpose of raising the level of knowledge about smoking among patients with this habit. The universe of the research was formed by the totality (102) of smoking patients older than 15 years old and the sample after applying the exclusion criteria was formed by 87 patients. A survey and knowledge test were applied and the "Smoke-free" educational program was designed to meet the patients' learning needs, after which it was applied using educational and affective-participative techniques to achieve active participation. At the end of the intervention, a knowledge test was applied to compare the results. The data were processed in tables, the Chi-square test (X2), MacNemar test and distribution in absolute and relative frequencies were used and statistical significance and relationship of these variables was determined with a significance level of 95 % certainty. The level of knowledge about the risks and harms of smoking was increased in the population studied and the application of the educational work was significant in a qualitative way due to the changes in their reflections, thus achieving the results of the study.

Introduction: before a very emotionally significant situation which can be considered a catastrophic event in this case a pandemic, certain feelings and reactions in the human being are frequent.Objective: to characterize the psychological response of infants to the confinement due to the Covid-19 event in the Raul Sanchez health area in the year 2020.Method: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, the universe was constituted by 110 children between 1 and 17 years old, residents in different family doctor's offices of the Raúl Sánchez polyclinic of Pinar del Rio. A sample of 72 children of both sexes was taken by simple random sampling. Socio-demographic variables, most frequent psychological reactions and biological, psychological and social factors were taken into account.Results: infants between the ages of 12-17 years old predominated for 38,88 %, 59,72 % were female, the psychological reactions that were most evident were hyperactivity and boredom references with 77,77 % and in relation to biological, psychological and social factors were present in 58 infants representing 80,55 %, which were related to socioeconomic and family factors.Conclusions: a need for help was detected on the part of family members to alleviate the psychological reactions that appear in confinement. Psychological reactions related to hyperactivity and references to boredom and socioeconomic and family factors were more frequently presented.

Introduction: pregnancy in adolescence is a concern of these times, motherhood in adolescents means risk for their health and that of their child.Objective: to describe morbidity and mortality in newborns born to adolescent mothers admitted to the Neonatology service of the "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" General Teaching Hospital of Pinar del Río in the period 2019-2020.Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional observational research was carried out in the Neonatology service of the General Teaching Hospital "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" of Pinar del Río, during the years 2019 - 2020. The sample universe consisted of 270 newborns born to adolescent mothers, descriptive statistics were used.Results: mothers with late adolescence predominated (71,5 %), carriers of pregnancy-induced hypertension (24,8 %) and in their offspring newborns born at term (73,7 %), normopeso (76,3 %), with adequate intrauterine growth (67 %), born by transvaginal delivery (75,2 %), in good condition (85,5 %), with metabolic disorders being the most frequent complications (18,1 %), followed by perinatal infections (16,7 %).  Among the deceased there was a predominance of children born to mothers in late adolescence.Conclusions: adolescent pregnancy has a negative impact on the health status of their offspring by increasing morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. The most frequent complications were metabolic disorders, followed by perinatal infections and respiratory distress. Bronchopneumonia predominated among the deceased.  Pregnancy-induced hypertension was the main associated disease in the mother.

La evaporación de cuerpos de agua (E) dentro de cuencas endorreicas en áreas semiáridas es un factor crítico para la determinación del balance hídrico. Mediciones precisas de E pueden proporcionar información valiosa para gestionar recursos hídricos de forma sustentable ante los escenarios de cambio climático. Sin embargo, la evaporación puede estimarse a través de métodos tan eficientes como la ecuación simplificada de Penman (S-Penman) utilizando variables de estaciones agroclimáticas, como la velocidad del viento, la radiación neta, la humedad relativa y la temperatura del aire, que tienen una variabilidad espacio-temporal. Dentro de los modelos de evaporación basados ​​en sensores remotos (RS) se encuentra el modelo de balance de energía de superficie (SEB), que se ha aplicado a diferentes metodologías y extiende las mediciones de evapotranspiración (ET) a nivel regional. Las metodologías basadas en SEB utilizan principios físicos con requisitos mínimos de datos climáticos para estimar ET. Este artículo compara dos metodologías que estiman la evaporación utilizando RS: el modelo de estimación de evapotranspiración regional (REEM) y el flujo de evapotranspiración earth engine (EEFlux). La comparación de mediciones de ET obtenidas de REEM y EEFlux para siete escenas Landsat OLI en el ciclo agrícola de abril a septiembre de 2019 comparadas contra S-Penman mostró que REEM tuvo un mejor desempeño (d = 94 %) que el EEFlux (d = 68 %) para el periodo indicado. Aunque la comparación de REEM y EEFlux muestra mediciones precisas de E (REEM), es necesario mejorar los datos meteorológicos cuadriculados (EEFlux) aumentando la escala utilizando información local.