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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Méndez-Herrera, Armando; Arias-Toledo, Eloísa; Sánchez-Alemán, Miguel; Olamendi-Portugal, Ma. Leonidez; Ruiz-Gómez, Juan; Díaz-Ortega, José Luis
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To assess the prevalence of mumps antibodies in children and adolescents of Mexico, two years after the introduction of the mumps-containing vaccine MMR. Materials and methods. Evaluation of IgG antibodies with a commercial kit of indirect ELISA. Results. 2 111 children (1-9 years) and 2 484 adolescents (10-19 years) were studied. The overall antibody seroprevalence was 70.6% (95% CI 69.3- 71.9), being higher in adolescents (83.0%, 95%CI 81.5-84.5) than in children (56.0%, 95%CI: 53.9-58.11) (OR 3.83, 95%CI 3.34-4.39, p=0.0000000). Children 1 to 2 and 6 to 9 years who were part of the target group of mumps vaccination since 1998, they had higher seroprevalence than the group of 3 to 5 years unvaccinated. Conclusions. Seropositivity in children aged 1 to 2 and 6 to 9 years was probably attributable to vaccination during 1998-2000 and in other age groups to natural exposure related to time elapsed in each birth cohort until the study recruitment.
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Alvarado-Delgado, Alejandro; Moran-Francia, Ken; Perales-Ortiz, Guillermo; Rodríguez, Mario Henry; Lanz-Mendoza, Humberto
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To analyze the transcription pattern of neuropeptides in the ontogeny of a malaria vector, the mosquito Anopheles albimanus. Materials and methods. The transcription pattern of Crustacean CardioActive peptide (CCAP), corazonin, Ecdysis Triggering Hormone (ETH), allatostatin-A, orcokinin, Insulin Like Peptide 2 (ILP2), Insulin Like Peptide 5 (ILP5) and bursicon was evaluated using qPCR on larvae (1st – 4th instar), pupae and adult mosquitoes. Results. Unlike in other insects, transcripts of CCAP (70.8%), ETH (60.2%) and corazonin (76.5%) were expressed in 4th instar larvae, probably because these three neuropeptides are associated with the beginning of ecdysis. The neuropeptide ILP2 showed higher transcription levels in other stages and orcokinin decreased during the development of the mosquito. Conclusion. The CCAP, corazonin and ETH neuropeptidesare potential targets for the design of control strategies aimed at disrupting An. albiamnus larval development.
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Betanzos-Reyes, Ángel Francisco; Rodríguez, Mario Henry; Romero-Martínez, Martín; Sesma-Medrano, Eduardo; Rangel-Flores, Hilda; Santos-Luna, René
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To analyze the association of dengue fever incidence with Aedes mosquito’s abundance, and the effect of climatological and geographical variables, in a region in Morelos State, Mexico. Materials and methods. Weekly data during the period 2010 to 2014 was used. Mosquito abundance was determined using ovitraps. Confirmed dengue cases were obtained from the Epidemiological Surveillance System. Climatic variables were obtained from weather monitoringstations. The correlation between climate variables and ovitraps data was estimated using a multivariate regression model. Results. A correlation of mosquito abundance with dengue fever incidence, and a yearly pattern with seasonal variations were observed. The daily mean temperature, relative humidity and rainfall parameters were associated with mosquito egg abundance. Time lags of three and four weeks between egg counts and dengue fever incidence were observed. Conclusion. Time lags between egg counts and dengue incidence could be useful for prevention and control interventions.
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Zumaya-Estrada, Federico Alonso; Rodríguez, María Carmen; Rodríguez, Mario Henry
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To analyze the current knowledge of pathogen-insect interactions amenable for the design of molecular-based control strategies of vector-borne diseases. Materials and methods. We examined malaria, dengue, and Chagas disease pathogens and insect molecules that participate in interactions during their vectors infection. Results. Pathogen molecules that participate in the insect intestine invasion and induced vector immune molecules are presented, and their inclusion in transmission blocking vaccines (TBV) and in genetically modify insect (GMI) vectors or symbiotic bacteria are discussed. Conclusion. Disruption of processes by blocking vector-pathogen interactions provides several candidates for molecular control strategies, but TBV and GMI efficacies are still limited and other secondary effects of GMI (improving transmission of other pathogens, affectation of other organisms) should be discarded.
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Soto-Noguerón, Araceli; Carnalla-Barajas, María Noemí; Cornejo-Juárez, Patricia; Volkow-Fernández, Patricia; Velázquez-Meza, María Elena; SIREVA-México, Grupo; Echániz-Aviles, Gabriela
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To describe the distribution of pneumococcal serotypes causing infectious diseases in patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors and their antimicrobial susceptibility before and after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in Mexico. Materials and methods. Consecutive pneumococcal isolates from hospitalized patients from the SIREVA-network were serotyped using the Quellung reaction and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the broth microdilution method. Results. A total of 175 pneumococcal isolates were recovered, 105 from patients with hematological malignancies and 70 with solid tumors. Serotypes 19A (22.7%), 19F (20.4%), and 35B (17.7%) were the most frequent isolates in the first group and serotypes 3 (27.2%) and 19A (28.6%) in the second group. No decreased susceptibility to beta-lactams or TMP/SMX was observed after introduction of PCV7. Conclusions. An increase in non-vaccine types is observed without significate changes in antimicrobial susceptibility after introduction of PCV7.
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Barrios, Pamela L; Vázquez-Salas, Ruth Argelia; López-Carrillo, Lizbeth; Menezes-Filho, José A; Torres-Sánchez, Luisa
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. This study determined the main dietary sources of urinary Mo concentrations in a sample of 124 pregnant women in Mexico. Materials and methods. Dietary data was collected during pregnancy, through a semi-qualitative food frequency questionnaire, with information of 84 foods. Urine Mo levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, for at least two trimesters of pregnancy. The associations with Mo levels were estimated by generalized mixed effect regression models. Results. Between 5.8 to 12.7% of the samples were above the 95th percentile of urinary Mo distribution reported by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2010 for women (151 μg/L and 148 μg/g creatinine). After bootstrap resampling was conducted, women with high-consumption of hot peppers (β=1.34μg/g; 95% CI: 1.00-1.80; p= 0.05) had marginal higher urinary Mo concentration levels, creatinine adjusted,compared to women with low-consumption. Conclusion. Hot chili pepper consumption may contribute to body burden Mo levels in this population.
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Martínez-Romero, Esperanza; Rodríguez-Medina, Nadia; Beltrán-Rojel, Marilú; Toribio-Jiménez, Jeiry; Garza-Ramos, Ulises
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To compare the genetic determinants involved in plant colonization or virulence in the reported genomes of K. variicola, K. quasipneumoniae and K. pneumoniae. Materials and methods. In silico comparisons and Jaccard analysis of genomic data were used. Fimbrial genes were detected by PCR. Biological assays were performed with plant and clinical isolates. Results. Plant colonization genes such as cellulases, catalases and hemagglutinins were mainly present in K. variicola genomes. Chromosomal β-lactamases were characteristic of this species and had been previously misclassified. K. variicola and K. pneumoniae isolates produced plant hormones. Conclusions. A mosaic distribution of different virulence- and plant-associated genes was found in K. variicola and in K. quasipneumoniae genomes. Some plant colonizing genes were found mainly in K. variicola genomes. The term plantanosis is proposed for plant-borne human infections.
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Flores-Jiménez, Juan Antonio; Saldaña-Vázquez, Roxana; Villarreal-Martínez, Laura; Gutiérrez-Aguirre, César Homero; Jaime-Pérez, José Carlos; Cantú-Rodríguez, Olga Graciela; González-Llano, Oscar; Gómez-Almaguer, David
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Señor editor: La sobrecarga de hierro (SH) es un problema de salud pública. La hemosiderosis asociada con la transfusión de eritrocitos produce toxicidad, disfunción tisular y susceptibilidad a infecciones; en general son daños mediados a través de la generación de radicales libres…
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Burgos, Soledad; Yohannessen, Karla; Álvarez, Andrea; Rebolledo, Alejandro; Valenzuela, María Teresa
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To describe the interests, preferred topics and learning in public health issues emerging from Chilean stu- dents with their participation in a science education experience. Materials and methods. A qualitative exploratory study was conducted in 29 school research groups through the project Salud Con-Ciencia en tu Barrio, based on a content analysis of texts and narratives of students. Results. Students prioritize the situation of abandoned animals, waste management, security and urban infrastructure, mainly. They view the role of social actors, the positive/negative impacts on the community, valuing the knowledge gained through observation neighborhoods and interaction with neighbors. Conclusions. Scientific inquiry school in the neighborhood context provides teaching strategies for the promotion of local health, develops basic notions of community health and motivation in students linked to the socio-environmental reality of their neighborhoods.
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Año:
2017
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Folch-Mas, Anabel; Cortés-Ruiz, María José; Salvador-Carulla, Luis; Kazah-Soneyra, Natalia; Irazábal-Giménez, Marcia; Muñoz-Lorente, Silvia; Tamarit-Cuadrado, Javier; Martínez-Leal, Rafael
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Recent literature indicates that people with Disorders of Intellectual Development (DID) experience health disparities in the pathologies that they present, and a worst access to health care. However, current evidence-based knowledge is still sparse outside the Anglo-Saxon ountries. The POMONA-I and POMONA-II European projects aimed to collect information on the health status of people with DID in Europe. The POMONA-ESP project in Spain is meant to collect health information in a wide and representative sample of persons with DID. Also, there are studies that claim for the need of specialized services for people with DID at the public health system. There are also studies about the current state of the education and training about DID for students within the health sector. In this paper we review the latest evidences about the health of the persons with DID and we present the main research activities and care initiatives about this issue
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