Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Señor editor: La Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2017 deberá levantarse a cinco años de la Ensanut 2012, si­guiendo la periodicidad esperada. La Ensanut 2017 será una herramienta fundamental para dar cuenta de tres importantes tendencias en el panorama de la salud de México: la predominancia de las enferme­dades crónicas no transmisibles, el acercamiento a la protección finan­ciera universal y la integración de redes de atención personalizadas. La Ensanut 2012 aportó información clave para las políticas en materia de: prevalencia del sobrepeso, obesidad, diabetes e hipertensión; así como en relación con las oportunidades para mejorar la calidad de la atención y el desencuentro entre actividad física y sedentarismo…

Objective. To describe interventions designed to promote physical activity for adults with intellectual disabilities and the effects on overall physical activity levels and on health outcomes. Materials and methods. A systematic review of eight databases until January 31, 2015 identified 383 citations. The inclusion criteria were: a) the study sample consisted of adults with intellectual disabilities, b) the study implemented an intervention to initiate, increase, or maintain physical activity, and c) quantitative or qualitative data were used to report the effectiveness of the intervention. Six articles from the 383 citations met this criterion. Results. Three studies resulted in significant increases in physical activity behaviour; however well-controlled trials designed to improve weight status by increasing physical activity did not produce significant effects. Conclusion. Overall, the results indicate that interventions to increase physical activity should simultaneously target the individual with intellectual disability as well as their proximal environment over a sustained period of time.

Dear editor: The premature rupture of membranes (PROM) represents a health problem with an increased risk of infection and complications to mother and baby. PROM may result from various reasons includ­ing low socioeconomic status (SES), intraamniotic infection, second and third-trimester bleeding, nutritional disorders of copper and ascorbic acid, connective tissue disorders, cervical conisation or cerclage, pulmonary diseases, uterine overdistention, am­niocentesis, previous preterm birth, short cervical length in the second trimester, women with preterm labor or symptomatic contractions in the current pregnancy…

Tobacco use remains one of the eminently preventable causes of disease and premature mortality globally and in the Americas. It has been unequivocally established that there is no safe level of tobacco consumption,and the actions to be implemented to end the tobacco epidemic are well known...

Resumen: Una de las preguntas relevantes de la Sociología han sido los procesos de estratificación social. En el caso de Chile, las importantes transformaciones de la estructura social en las últimas décadas, así como los cambios en el ámbito del trabajo –entre otros procesos-, han desdibujado las fronteras entre los grupos sociales. A partir del análisis de material cualitativo producido con distintos grupos sociales en las ciudades de Santiago y Valparaíso –empresarios, grupos medios, obreros y sectores marginales-, el texto ahonda en el análisis de lo que llamamos experiencias posicionales, planteando la existencia de distintas lógicas de posicionamiento social. 

 Resumen: ¿Cuál es la dirección de causalidad en la relación satisfacción democrática y percepción sobre la corrupción? Utilizando como estrategia metodológica, una variable instrumental, el grado de proteccionismo económico, en un análisis de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios de dos etapas, el presente artículo busca contestar esta pregunta ofreciendo evidencia empírica que involucra a 18 países latinoamericanos, más de 17,000 observaciones, que provienen de la más reciente encuesta organizada por Latinobarómetro (2013). Los resultados muestran que es la percepción sobre la corrupción la que determina la satisfacción democrática, y no al revés.

La muerte de Franco abrió un proceso de cambio que devolvió la soberanía y libertad al pueblo español. El final de la dictadura hizo posible la legalización de los partidos, la celebración de elecciones, la aprobación de una Constitución y la descentralización del poder. Ahora bien, comprobamos que, tras cuatro décadas, la Transición ha quedado circunscrita casi exclusivamente a aspectos de política interior. Analizaremos la ejecutoria de Sánchez-Terán al frente del Ministerio de Trabajo con el fin de mostrar que los gobiernos centristas, además de llevar a cabo el tránsito a la democracia, pusieron en marcha medidas encaminadas a cambiar el modelo económico y laboral del país. Todo ello en un contexto de crisis y con la vista puesta la incorporación a la CEE.

The aim of this paper is to identify some trends of collective bargaining in Italy, in a context of industrial relations profoundly changed in recent years. In particular, moving from the changed landscape of industrial relations, the paper focuses on the adoption of instruments of welfare and conciliation in the second level agreements in our area. The choice of these two issues is not accidental: it falls under the aspects that, joined with others of course (eg. training, participation, etc.), contribute to the creation of holistic models of quality of work

The scyphomedusae feed mainly on microscopic crustaceans, eggs and fish larvae, molluscs and some other jellyfishes. The distribution and abundance of the scyphomedusae has an economic and ecological impact as they are predators that have an influence on the population dynamics of other fisheries. This investigation took place in the lagoon system ‘Arrastradero-Redonda’, Tabasco, from September 2013 to August 2014, with the purpose to provide information on the distribution, and spatial and temporal abundance of Stomolophus meleagris; along with its relation to environmental parameters. A total of 10 stations were defined and biological samples were taken on a monthly basis during this annual cycle. For this purpose, three pulls with a beach seine monofilament (20m long by 3m height, mesh opening 1.5 cm, 5 to 10 minutes) per station were made within a 1 km2 area. Information obtained was used to calculate the fishing efficiency analysis (CPUE con org./Evaluated Area Unit) and to determine the relationship with the environmental parameters. Our results showed that the abundance in the stations 1 to 3 was from 7 to 19 org./km2 from April to August 2014; less organisms were observed in stations 6 to 10 (an average of 1 org./km2) from October 2013 to March 2014. The multiple correlation steps analysis indicated that there is a strong association between the CPUE and some environmental investigated variables, and a 70.9 % variability of the data was observed. The salinity resulted the most important variable because it determined a 64.3 % of variation; it was followed by the temperature with a 3.6 %; meanwhile, dissolved oxygen explained only the 2.9 %, this was mainly because within the area there are several geological, oceanographic and biological factors that favor the distribution of this species due to seawater contribution through the Tupilco bar. With the provided data with this investigation we were able to determine the fishery potential of this resource for Tabasco state. However, additional research is required to allow an extended quantification of this resource, to determine the commercial exploitation areas, and drive studies about reproductive and feeding habits, that may provide the necessary information to establish plans for sustainable use. 

Canthidermis sufflamen has become a low cost food resource in high demand in El Tirano fishing community, and captures have been increasing in recent years. Since there is a lack of information on this resource population dynamics in Venezuela, the goal of this research was to provide some biological-fishery parameters, and has as general objective to determine growth and mortality of the triggerfish of Los Frailes and Los Testigos Archipelagos, Federal Territories of Venezuela. For this, a total of 3 595 specimens were collected from El Tirano commercial fishing, every week, from May 2012 to April 2013. We determined total length (cm), total weight (g), and sex for each specimen. No sexual dimorphism was shown with respect to length (ts = -0.96; p > 0.05), so one length-weight ratio was established for both sexes: W = 0.164*L2.26;and they both exhibited minor allometric growth. Growth was estimated by analysis of the frequency distribution of lengths, using FiSAT software. Growth parameters, estimated by the von Bertalanffy model, were considered slow, being L∞ = 61.69 cm, W∞ = 1 868.40 g, k = 0.36 / year, and to = -0.65 years. The maximum age was A0.95 = 8 years. The growth index (Ø′), showed a value of 3.14. The exploitation rate E = 0.72 / year, using total mortality values Z = 2.67 / year, natural M = 0.73 / year and from fishing F = 1.93 / year, indicates that C. sufflamen is being over-exploited by the artisanal fishers of El Tirano. We recommend following some harvest guidelines that will reduce mortality rate due to fishing.