Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objetivo. Asociar la ingesta de flavonoides y carotenoides con el nivel en leche materna del anión superóxido, como marcador de estrés oxidativo. Material y métodos. Durante el periodo 2013-2015 se estudió a 100 mujeres lactantes de Córdoba (Argentina), dentro los primeros seis meses posparto; se evaluaron sus datos sanitarios, ingesta alimentaria y nivel lácteo del anión con regresión logística múltiple. Resultados. La ingesta de flavonoides, carotenoides provitamínicos y carotenoides no provitaminas fue de 72 (61) mg/día, 1 813 (1 657) μg/día y 5 427 (3 664) μg/día, respectivamente. El anión se asoció con la ingesta de flavanoles (RM=1.081; IC95 1.001-1.167) y flavanonas (RM=1.025; IC95 1.001-1.048). No se observó este efecto con otros flavonoides ni con los carotenoides. Conclusiones. La ingesta de flavanoles y flavanonas aumenta el riesgo de oxidación láctea, lo cual es relevante para realizar recomendaciones dietéticas.

 Objetivo. Identificar condiciones de vida y asociaciones subjetivas en el embarazo en adolescentes de una comunidad rural marginal en Puebla, México. Material y métodos. Con metodología cualicuantitativa, que incluyó una encuesta,guías de observación y una entrevista semiestructurada, caracterizando el contexto, identificando condiciones materiales de vida y obteniendo narrativas del plan de vida en adolescentes embarazadas entre 2013 y 2014. Resultados. Se observó migración y desintegración familiar, limitados servicios educativos, de salud y escasas opciones de trabajo. Destacan condiciones como ausencia parental, baja escolaridad e ingreso, malas condiciones de vivienda y saneamiento básico deficiente, que buscan superarse mediante estudio y empleo. Se narran estereotipos tradicionales de género y modelos familiares que se repiten generacionalmente. Conclusión. Tanto las condiciones objetivas como el aprendizaje subjetivo limitan las oportunidades para realizar el plan de vida y determinan la incidencia del embarazo entre adolescentes.

Objective. To analyze the School Health Program (SHP)through the perceptions of managers and health professionals. Materials and methods. This was a descriptive, crosssectional,and qualitative study that conducted interviews with 21 individuals using the lexical analysis of Bardin’s speech and processed the data through the Alceste software. Results. In the interviewees’ perception, verification of blood pressure,visual acuity, weight, height, body mass index, oral health,preventive actions and educational lectures are recommended in the program’s guidelines. The schools do not have available and adequate space for the staff to perform the work. The redominant exchange occurs between the health and education secretaries. The actions that provided opportunities to students were primarily promotion, prevention, and health education; funding is the responsibility of the Ministry of Health and Municipal Secretary of Health. Conclusions. The structures, exchanges, and available resources were insufficient for the development of the program.

Objective. To explore the views of nurses on death in their practice, and their perception about physicians’ actions dealing with terminally ill patients. Materials and methods. Two hundred ninety-five nurses with experience caring for terminally ill patients responded to a questionnaire developed for this study. Results. The majority of participants considered that terminally ill patients should know about their prognosis. Although nearly all nurses said that when a patient brings up the subject and they talk with the patient about death, several of the nurses find it difficult to establish a relationship with these patients. Concerning nurses’ perception about physicians’ actions, they considered that physicians avoid the subject of death with their patients more than the physicians acknowledge. Conclusions. More education and training of physicians and nurses on end-of-life issues is needed to improve communication with dying patients and to provide them with better care.  

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Señor editor: Enviamos los resultados de un estudio realizado en un hospital de referencia del área occidente del país concerniente a la prevalencia y justificación del uso de antimicrobianos…

 Dear editor: Diabetes mellitus (DM)has been the first cause of death in females  and the second  cause in males since 2003 in Mexicans aged 20 to 79.1 A study from 1980 to 1999 showed that the age-standardized mortality rate of DM (ASMR) in Mexico increased dramatically parallel to ratesof obesity.2 In 2004, half of Mexicans had no health insurance and the Popular Health Insurance or “Seguro Popular” (SP) was introduced3 extending health insurance nationwide mainly for the poor. Among other diseases, SP covers free diagnostics, hospitalization and medical treatmentfor DM. By 2015, 57.1 million people in the country were enrolled in SP.4 In this letter we report the annual percent change (APC) of DM’s ASMR from 1999 to 2014 in Mexicans aged 20 to 79 to determine whether the introduction of SP in 2004 has impacted DM mortality. 

Objective. To describe the prevalence and factors associated with severe child functioning difficulties and disability (CFD) among two to four year old children in Mexico, and estimates the probability of presenting CFD based on specific population profiles. Materials and methods. The sample consists of 5 104 children who participated in the National Survey of Children and Women 2015 (ENIM). We used postestimation exploration by computing predicted values of CFD to interpret the logistic models for discrete combinations of the independent variables. Results. CFD prevalence is 2%,which means at least 130 000 two to four year-old children are at risk of experiencing severely limited participation in an unaccommodating environment. The probability of presenting CFD is dramatically higher in specific sub-groups of the population, in particular, male children of women with low education, who live in the poorest households. Conclusions. A significant proportion of Mexican children face important challenges due to functioning difficulties and disability. Public policies must be developed to accommodate the needs of these children and provide a proper environment for their development. 

Objective. To describe the characteristics of Mexican children and adolescents 5-17 years with severe functioning difficulties and disability and explore their participation in child labor. Materials and methods. Using data from the National Survey of Boys, Girls and Women in Mexico 2015 we estimated prevalence of functioning difficulties and disability and used logistic regression to explore the association between this condition and child labor. Results. While 11.2% of Mexicans 5-17 years-old has severe functioning difficulties or disability, 13.4% work. The functioning difficulty and disability domains with the highest prevalence are experiencing anxiety (5.4%) and depression (1.5%) daily. Children and adolescents with severe functioning difficulties and disability are 70% more likely to do child labor [OR=1.7, 95%CI:1.2,2.4]. Educational lag doubles the likelihood of doing child labor [OR=2.2, 95%CI:1.5,3.3]. Conclusions. Guaranteeing educational opportunities and respect for the rights of children with severe functioning difficulties and disability is essential to achieve development of their full potential.

Objective. Report prevalence of functioning difficulties and disabilities among Mexican adolescent women 15-17 years old and identify differences in characteristics of those with and without a functioning difficulty or disability Materials and methods. Using data from the National Survey of Boys, Girls and Women in Mexico 2015 we estimated prevalence of functioning difficulties and disability and used chi square tests for independence and logistic regression to explore associations between this condition and various characteristics. Results. Of Mexican adolescent women 15-17 years old, 11.1% had a functioning difficulty or disability. The group of domains of functioning difficulty and disability with by far the highest prevalence was socio-emotional and behavioral functioning difficulties or disability with 8.6%. Being employed, rural residence and self-reported depression symptoms were associated with having functioning difficulties or disability. Conclusions. This survey constitutes an important initial step in collecting data on functioning difficulty and disability in Mexico although larger samples should be studied.