Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Editorial

Nesse artigo, relacionamos o Participacionismo e o Minimalismo, dois paradigmas democráticos contemporâneos, com as vigentes transformações nas economias capitalistas. Com base nisso, analisamos o papel do Terceiro Setor na mobilização social contra a liberação comercial dos transgênicos1 no Brasil. O estudo se detém entre 1998 e 2001, ano em que o MPF/DF suspende as autorizações indiscriminadas para o cultivo de OGMs no País, e privilegia o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, o qual consideramos pioneiro na mobilização contra os transgênicos. Como suporte teórico, adotamos Joseph SHUMPETER e outros três autores contemporâneos: Atílio BORÓN, José NUN e Bob JESSOP.

Este artículo analiza los complejos y abigarrados procesos de lucha social-popular boliviana alrededor de la tierra, y la negociación de esta entre las élites agroindustriales y el actual gobierno. En este, se aborda la problemática de los transgénicos y su vertiginosa expansión en las tierras productivas del territorio nacional a partir del sistemático avasallamiento de tierras y derechos, que respaldados por el Estado, reproducen y consolidan el viejo orden de dominación y su estructura patrimonialista de uso y tenencia de la tierra. El presente artículo regresa la mirada sobre la resistencia a los transgénicos y las luchas por la tierra como condiciones de producción y reproducción de la vida.

Desde que se declaró al Ecuador libre de transgénicos, se ha desatado en el país un debate muy polarizado entre quienes defienden esta declaración y los que defienden la aplicación de la biotecnología en el agro. Este debate ha incluido a distintos sectores de la sociedad, incluyendo la academia, las organizaciones campesinas, de público consumidor y el propio Estado. Este artículo recoge las principales narrativas que surgen en torno a esta problemática, especialmente durante los años, cuando el presidente de la República hizo un llamado a la sociedad, especialmente académica a pronunciarse sobre el tema.

Se analizan los controles legales impuestos a los países por medio de pactos internacionales y sus concomitantes leyes nacionales que afectan las semillas y la economía campesina. Este andamiaje legal constituye uno de los medios para consolidar la agricultura industrial iniciada con los híbridos de la Revolución Verde y en los últimos veinte años con las semillas transgénicas de la Revolución Biotecnológica. Se dan ejemplos de los impactos que estos controles han tenido en los grupos agricultores estadunidenses, primer país que los incorporó en su normativa y algunos casos de otros países. Manejar esta información nos permitirá actuar con conocimiento de causa contra del dominio de las semillas en manos de unas cuantas empresas y a favor del bienestar campesino y la soberanía alimentaria de los países.

Introduction: Deafness is a unique decline and the interest shown by future stomatologists to know the deaf community is related with their interest to provide a more comprehensive stomatological treatment. Objective: To identify future stomatologists' assessments of their training in the care of deaf patients. Material and Method: In March 2016, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a population of 35 students in the fifth year of stomatology’s career from the Institute of Basic and Preclinical Sciences "Victoria de Girón" Playa Municipality in Havana, with an average age of 22 years, of both sexes. They received the optional training course "Dental management of the deaf patient" and then was performed a survey. The variables studied were: sex, more interesting subjects of the elective course received, satisfaction of the specific learning needs for the deaf patient’s stomatological attention, the need of receiving an optional course as a complement to their Career Curriculum. Results: The female sex was the most prevalent with 74.3%. The most interesting topic was the Cuban Signs’ Language for a 62.9%. 65.7% of the students surveyed believe that what it is taught in the career does not meet the special dental care needs of the deaf patient. Correspondingly, 91.4% consider that they need to receive an elective course as a complement of the curriculum. Conclusions: The majority of stomatology students surveyed were female, they shown an interest in the Cuban Signs’ Language and consider that they need the optional course "Deaf patient dental management", to complement the curriculum of the course.Keywords:Dental attention, deaf, patient, stomatological students, education

Introduction: Nursing activities in the field of Minimal Access Surgery (MAC) is aimed providing a quality care to patient and the family based on the care and satisfaction of physical and psychological needs with an ethical attitude and humanistic taking into consideration the use of technologies. Objective: To highlight the actions performed by nursing staff in the different scenarios of the Minimal Access Surgery. Material and Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out for which printed and electronic information sources were consulted. The databases consulted were the SCielo Regional platform, MEDLINE, Pubmed. Also authors' criteria in their professional practice were used. Development: The professional experience of the nursing staff in the areas of laparoscopic surgery, therapeutic endoscopy and interventional radiology, proves that an adequate theoretical and practical preparation guarantees the processes’ mastery comprising them, as well as the infrastructure elements that support them. Proper job organization; agility and effectiveness during interventions; conservation and durability of the equipment; necessary and complementary doctor-nurse-patient relationship are essentials for a harmonious functioning of the Team Work. Conclusions: A nursing action based on the integration of the scientific and technical knowledge of the profession, the basic principles of minimal access surgery and the required technological knowledge guarantees a quality care. Keywords: Nursing professional; Minimal Access Surgery; Nursing actions, practices, functions, laparoscopic surgery, endoscopic therapy

Introduction: The comorbidity is a phenomenon that complicates general doctor´s fulfillment of their functions regarding the care of patients at Internal Medicine Wards. Objective: To base the bases of comorbidity as a variable, insofar it is defined in the conceptual, the operational and essential internal-external relationships with a systemic approach of the functions of the clinical physician in the hospital´s Internal Medicine wards. Material and Methods: A bibliographic revision that take into account comorbidity and allow to satisfy the objective was performed. Development: Conceptually, comorbidity is defined as the association of diseases in which one has a leading role character. The conceptual definition of comorbidity is presented. The relationship between comorbid diseases can be explained by associations of a clear pathogenic dependence or by coincidence in the patient without direct pathogenic relationship. There are numerous and diverse instruments available to make it operable for its application in research and clinical practice. Conclusions: The relations between different diseases are multilateral and need a deep etiopathogenic and fisiopathological interpretation to be understood and examined in the fulfillment of its asitencials, investigative, teaching and administrative functions of the doctor at Internal Medicine wards. Keywords: comorbidity, multipathology, internal medicine, clinical

Se caracterizaron 1,000 canales ovinas producidas en México. Los datos se procesaron a través de estadística descriptiva y mediante un diseño totalmente al azar. Del total de canales evaluadas 82.2 % correspondieron a machos y 17.8 % hembras. Se identificaron 53 genotipos (11 razas puras y 42 cruzamientos diversos). El peso al faenado promedió 43.2 ± 7.2 kg (20.4 a 85.7), el peso medio de la canal fría fue 22.0 ± 4.1 kg (11.3 a 50.0) y tuvo un rendimiento medio de 50.0 ± 5.1 % (34.7 a 73.5), el área del ojo de chuleta promedió 14.8 ± 3.8 cm2 (2.7 a 29.7), el espesor de la grasa subcutánea promedió 3.1 ± 1.6 mm (1.0 a 10.0) y el pH 5.5 ± 0.2 (5.0 a 6.5). El sistema de producción intensiva mostró mayores valores en peso a la matanza, peso de la canal fría y área del ojo de chuleta (44.4 ± 5.9 kg, 22.8 ± 3.3 kg y 15.5 ± 3.6 cm2, respectivamente) que el semiintensivo (43.6 ± 5.3 kg, 19.9 ± 3.1 kg y 13.8 ± 2.5 cm2) y el extensivo (36.4 ± 9.7, 19.6 ± 2.6 kg y 9.6 ± 2.6 cm2). Los machos presentaron mayores valores que las hembras en peso al sacrificio (44.3 ± 6.7 vs 40.1 ± 6.1 kg), peso de la canal fría (22.2 ± 3.8 vs 21.2 ± 4.4 kg) y área del ojo de chuleta (15.2 ± 3.7 vs 12.7 ± 3.7 cm2). La gran diversidad en el fenotipo y condición de los ovinos para abasto originó una amplia variabilidad en las propiedades de la canal, que limita el mercado formal de la carne ovina, por lo que convendría reordenar la producción ovina nacional dirigiéndola hacia una condición de calidad más uniforme.

This work aimed at investigating the potential as a growth enhancer of different dietary concentrations of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) as an alternative to oxytetracyline and antibiotics and as comparable to mannan oligosaccharide for broiler chicks. A total of 252 Hubbard broiler chicks at one day of age were distributed randomly in a straight run experimental design among six treatments, each replicated seven times, with six unsexed chicks per replicate. The basal diet was administered without supplements (control group) or supplemented with turmeric at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg diet, or with mannan oligosacride (MOS) at 1 g/kg feed or with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 50 mg/kg feed. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality traits, blood biochemical constituents, antioxidant status and red blood cell (RBCs) were investigated. Turmeric supplementation at 1 g/kg feed significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and European production index compared to the control group and MOS groups. The results indicated that turmeric can be used at 1 kg/t feed as a phytogenic feed additive as an alternative to OTC or MOS without negative effects on the productive and economic traits of broilers. There were no differences from using OTC and MOS, while there was an increase in the European production efficiency index and the broilers’ health status.