Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Medicine in the 21st century will be a fusion point of numerous new technologies. Changes in the paradigms of medical attention will emerge. Objective:To present a view of what future medical attention could be. Material and methods:A review of the last and new technological tools at the service of Medicine is made, and their possible transformations and future implementation are studied through the search of the main databases of the data indexed during the last seven years, which will make a change in the scientific thought and a predictive view of the medical attention worldwide, and make reflections on the medical approaches that arise from translational medicine. The role of nanotechnology in the futuristic pharmacology is analyzed, as well as genetics and robotics; and comparisons are made regarding the amount of research by countries and the current condition in Latin America, and the way the new scientific innovations will influence in the Bioethics, which could give rise to transhumanism. Results:The influence of the new technologies is linked to the economic and social development. Therefore, its implementation will not be equitable, existing an important difference in establishment of patents, indexed research, and quotations between developed and underdeveloped countries, where no Latin American country is among the 10 first places in the world ranking. Conclusions:Current technology gives solution to some problems, but it has not been able to be acquainted with many diseases.  The use of nanotechnology, genetics, and robotics will provoke changes in the confrontation paradigms of diseases, which could cause dehumanization and bioethical issues.Keywords: Biotechnology, nanotechnology, genetics, bioethics.

Introduction: The basis of Cuban National Health System lies in the Family Doctors who register, evaluate the risks, treat, and follow-up patients with chronic diseases. Diabetes Mellitus(DM) is the main cause of advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), and these patients are also identified and treated all over the country. Objectives: To characterize the CKD and the CKD + DM according to their registries in the Primary Health Care Centers. Material and methods: Patients with CKD caused by diabetes (glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1,73 m2) who were registered in Cuba in the year 2015; with reported prevalence per 1 000 inhabitants; and also characterized according to sex, age, province, and nation. The primary data were taken from the Registries of the National Direction of Statistics.  Results: The national prevalence of CKD was 2,16 per 1 000 inhabitants (increase of 17,7 vs 2014), and the prevalence of CKD + DM was 0,48 per 1 000 inhabitants (increase of 25,9 vs 2014). There was an increase at older age, and reached a maximum value in the group of ages from 60-64 years, both for the CKD (11,4 x 1 000) and the CKD + DM (2,92 x 1 000).  Out of the total of patients with CKD, the diabetic ones represented the 12,7% in 2014, and the 13,6% in 2015, with a higher frequency in the female sex in both years (2014=12,7%, and 2015=14,4%). The prevalence in patients with CKD, and the proportion of patients with CKD + DM was lower than the one reported by the Third National Survey on Risk Factors.   Conclusions: CKD is underdiagnosed in the country, and the same thing happens with CKD + DM, but even in a higher degree. The implementation of effective actions is required for the early diagnosis of the patients in the Primary Health Care.Keywords: prevalence,chronic renal insufficiency, Advanced Chronic Renal Disease, Primary Health Care Centers

Introduction: One of the peculiarities that have characterized the medical area in the 21st century is the predominance of English as an international language. Medicine is an ample and multidisciplinary field of study, so it is necessary to take into account the precise meaning of words according to the context. In this regard, the accurate translation of false cognates from English to Spanish is indispensable for a correct comprehension. Objective: To take into consideration the teaching of false cognate words in the English Discipline in the University of Medical Sciences. Material and Methods: The information was obtained by means of theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis of bibliographic review on the topic. Development: The incorrect translation of false cognate words leads to a process of gradual erosion of our mother tongue, and in many cases, it conveys a wrong meaning. Conclusions: The correct use of false cognate words is essential for an effective communication. In this sense, the teaching of false cognates has to be incorporated to the syllabus, along with other linguistic aspects, for the students to learn how to recognize and use these words, as the precise use of terminology is crucial for a good professional performance. Keywords: English language, false cognates, teaching-learning, Spanish speakers.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la dieta de la nutria neotropical en la parte alta del río San Diego. Esta especie es un depredador considerado como indicador de la calidad de los ecosistemas acuáticos, además de estar catalogada como amenazada en México, por lo que es indispensable realizar estudios para conocer su biología y ecología. El monitoreo se realizó durante 2 años (2012-2013), se muestrearon 8 km sobre el río, los cuales se dividieron en 3 segmentos de igual tamaño, se recolectaron 266 heces y se identificaron los distintos ítems alimenticios encontrados en las mismas. La dieta se separó en 7 categorías, siendo los invertebrados y los peces los de mayor porcentaje de aparición (39.45 y 34.86%, respectivamente) y en menor presencia plantas, anfibios, mamíferos, reptiles y un 4.95% corresponde a elementos no identificados. Se encontraron elementos de todas las categorías en el periodo de primavera. Gila conspersa, Corydalus texanus y Abedus sp. se observaron con mayor frecuencia en la dieta. No existieron diferencias significativas en la dieta entre estaciones del a˜no ni entre los segmentos del río muestreados, solo entre temporada de secas y lluvias para el año 2012.

Drawing on a series of conversations amongst three anthropologists committed to the study of political processes in contemporary Argentina, this article suggests knowledge tools and prac­tices oriented to interrogate politics as a living process. Through a heuristic use of the notion of social creativity, we call the attention about the potential of ethnographic inquiry to address the nature of political processes, particular­ly their dynamics simultaneously directed and undetermined, and projected and emergent. By means of a heterodox comparison exercise using our ethnographic materials, we defend a type of analytical curiosity less concerned with captu­ring the products of action, and more interested, instead, with ethnographically mapping out what people actually (co)produce while doing it –“the politics of elapsing”, for that matter.

The authors posit a method to explore pro-gover­nment journalism in Mexico in terms of media’s fidelity to the communication strategies of the go­vernment. The research design theoretically links the macro-dimension of “cascade activation” and government clientelism, with the micro-dimen­sion of institutional frames, and applies it to the coverage that the two major Mexican television networks gave to the legislative process of the energy reform, with both a quantitative content analysis (N=107 pieces) and a qualitative one, which compares the frames proposed by both ac­tors. Findings establish there was indeed a biased pro-government coverage by the networks, as they gave more visibility and better treatment to gover­nment and ruling party’s sources as compared to those of the opposition parties, and faithfully re­produced the government’s frame on the reform.

This paper explores the social and cultural background of fear of crime in Mexico. Using data from a survey applied to undergraduate students, the results of a structural equation modeling provide evidence that perceived co­rruption and low confidence in police partly explain the fear of crime expressed by respon­dents, even after controlling for the effects of victimization. The discussion focuses on the need for more comprehensive policies to com­bat fear of crime that do not focus solely on the fight against crime.

In this article we address indigenous political culture taking as a case of study the Mapuche people. Having carried out a brief overview of the policies applied by the Chilean state, we evaluate those obstacles that have hindered the formation of the Mapuche political party Wa­llmapuwen. We believe that the formation of a political party by the indigenous people is a means to reconstitute the cultural identity, and in the future, the autonomy of the Mapuche people. At the same time, a revitalization in the collective action will need to have their own par­ticular demands articulated strategically with different social organizations, with and without ethnic affiliation. We affirm, moreover, that eth­no-regional parties in Latin America envisage fruitful organizational experiences towards the strengthening of a democratic culture.