Sistema Regional de Información
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The honey is a product elaborated by bees starting from the nectar of the flowers or from secretions from living parts of the plants, which the bees collect, transform, and combine with their own specific substances. This aliment is nutritious and energetic, being appreciated by its therapeutic properties. Sugars, water, vitamins, organic acids and mineral salts are the major constituints of honey. Therefore, laboratory analyzes are used for inspection, with the purpose to know the honey chemical composition, identifying product quality. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of honeys produced and comercialized in the city of Vitoria da Conquista - Ba, and its suitbality in relation to its standard identity and quality described by Brazilian lesgislation. The samples were obtained from the Casa do Mel (Honey House) in the State University of the Southwest of Bahia, in Vitoria da Conquista, and analized in the Analytical and Environmental Chemistry laboratory of the same institution. Moisture content, free acidity, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars, hydroxymethylfurfural, total soluble solids, pH, and Fiehe and Lund  reaction were analyzed for 18 honeys samples. Of the samples evaluated, 66,67% had HMF values higher than those acceptable by the legislation, 11,11% for acidity and 27,78% for the Fiehe test. The result of excessive analyzes presented acceptable values.

The objective was to study the emergence and initial growth of corn plants fertilized with bovine manure under two water regimes. The experiment was conducted under plastic tunnel conditions of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus of Pombal, Paraíba, from December 2014 to January 2015. The treatment arrangement consisted of a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to four doses of bovine manure (0.0, 4.0, 8.0 and 12 t ha-1) and two levels of available water of 50 and 100% of the Field capacity, maintained after soil irrigation, with 8 treatments and four replications, totaling 32 experimental units. The experiment was carried out in experimental units composed of vessels of 18 dm3 capacity, manually seeding ten seeds per pot. The plants were conducted for 20 days after sowing, where they were evaluated for emergence, initial growth and accumulation of dry mass. Reducing available water to 50% of field capacity does not influence the emergence and initial growth of maize. The dose of 12 t ha-1 of bovine manure favors the highest initial growth and accumulation of dry mass of maize plants AG 1051.

A lettuce is one of the most important commercial and consumer stories in the world. This species presents a great response to organic fertilization, being one of the sources of the most pharmacological organic fertilizers in the country's agriculture region, and in the region of the Paraíba hinterland, mainly sheep. The use of adequate spacing and determinant for the production of the product can express its productive potential in the different production systems. With the objective of evaluating the development of the surface in relation to different spacings and the application of doses of sheep manure in subsequent cycles, two experiments were generated during the period from October 2012 to February 2013, in the experimental area of the Federal University of Campina Grande, located in the municipality of Pombal, Paraíba. In each experiment of the current treatments: three spacings (0.20 x 0.20, 0.20 x 0.25, 0.25 x 0.25 m) and four doses of sheep manure (0, 20, 40 and 60 t ha-1). A randomized complete block design was used, with a factorial arrangement of 3 x 4, with three cultivation spaces and four doses of sheep manure, with four replications. The largest treatments that received 60 t ha-¹. The largest treatments that received 60 t ha-¹.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of methods for overcoming dormancy in Caesalpinia ferrea seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, with twelve treatments and four replicates of 25 seeds per experimental unit. The pre germinative treatments used were: control (T1); immersion in water at 100, 80 and 65 °C for 5 minutes (T2, T3 and T4, respectively); immersion in sulfuric acid (98%) for 5 and 10 minutes (T5 and T6, respectively); scarification on sandpaper n° 120 (T7); in the region opposite the thread and at the end of the insertion point of the pod (T8 and T9, respectively); immersion in alcohol, red wine and white wine vinegar for 15 minutes (T10, T11 and T12, respectively). The evaluated characteristics were: emergence percentage, emergence speed index, percentage of hard and dead seeds, root length, seedling height and number of leaves. The treatments with immersion in sulfuric acid for 5 or 10 minutes, scarification with sandpaper nº 120 and the tegument sprouting, both in the region opposite the thread and at the end of the insertion point of the pod, are the most suitable for overcoming of coats dormancy in Caesalpinia ferrea seeds.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal potential of three species of medicinal plants: Zingiber officinale (ginger), Allium sativum L. (garlic) and Caryophyllus aromaticus L. (clove) in vitro and in vivo, for the control of the pathogen Alternaria solani, causal agent of the black pint. Mycelial growth, spore germination and germination size of A. solani were evaluated in vitro at concentrations of 1.0, 5.0, 10, 15 and 20%. For the in vivo evaluation of tomato seeds cv. Santa Cruz Kada were seeded in styrofoam trays of 200 cells containing commercial substrate. After 30 days the seedlings were transplanted to 5 L pots containing soil and kept in a greenhouse. The treatments for the in vivo assay were aqueous extract of ginger, garlic and clove at 20% concentration. The applications were started after 47 days of transplanting the greenhouse, being carried out once a week until the time of harvest. Evaluations of the area under the disease progress curve (AACPD), mean number and fruit weight were performed. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with five replicates. Clove, garlic and ginger extracts showed a direct inhibitory effect on the fungus and reduced the AACPD in 55.8, 29.5 and 22.5% in relation to the control water, respectively. These results indicate the potential of the extracts evaluated in the control of the black peat of tomato, with emphasis on clove extrac.

A batata yacon tornou-se popular devido aos inúmeros benefícios que proporciona à saúde, porém seu tempo de vida útil é curto, aliado ao escurecimento enzimático, comum em alimentos ricos em compostos fenólicos, que reduz e restringe o seu consumo. Em virtude de ser um produto de alto valor, e com o intuito de se evitar o seu desperdício, justifica-se o estudo de meios de conservação do mesmo. A secagem seguida por transformação do produto em pó se apresenta como uma alternativa conveniente, segura e capaz de proporcionar longa vida útil ao material processado. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se verificar o comportamento higroscópico do pó obtido pela liofilização do mix de batata yacon e suco de lima ácida Tahiti nas temperaturas de 20, 30 e 40 ºC. Elaborou-se um mix de batata yacon com suco de lima ácida Tahiti, aproveitando a propriedade deste suco de atuar na inativação enzimática da enzima polifenoloxidase, além de ser fonte de vitamina C. O mix com maltodextrina foi seco por liofilização e o pó resultante foi submetido à análise de comportamento higroscópico, determinando-se as isotermas de adsorção de umidade nas temperaturas de 20, 30 e 40 ºC e ajustando-se os modelos matemáticos de Peleg, GAB, Halsey, Oswin e Smith às isotermas. O modelo de Peleg foi o que melhor se ajustou às isotermas de adsorção de umidade do pó da batata yacon com suco de lima ácida Tahiti. As isotermas foram classificadas como Tipo II e a umidade na monocamada molecular apresentou valor em torno de 7% b.s.Application of mathematical models in the prediction of the hygroscopic dehavior of the potato mix yacon powder and lemon juiceAbstract: The yacon potato became popular because of the numerous benefits it provides to health, but their life span is short, combined with enzymatic browning, common in foods rich in phenolic compounds, which reduces and limits its consumption. By virtue of being a product of high value and in order to avoid wastage, justified the study of conservation means where drying followed by processing of the product powder is presented as a convenient alternative, safe and able to provide long useful life to processed material. Given the above, it elaborated a yacon potato mix with lemon juice, taking ownership of this juice to act in the enzymatic inactivation of PPO, besides being a source of vitamin C. The mix with maltodextrin was then dried by lyophilisation and resulting powder was subjected to the hygroscopic behavior analysis, determining the moisture adsorption isotherms at temperatures of 20, 30 and 40 °C, and adjusting the mathematical models Peleg, GAB, Halsey, Oswin and Smith isotherms. The Peleg model was the best fit the moisture adsorption isotherms of powder yacon potato with lemon juice; isotherms were classified as Type II and moisture in the molecular monolayer presented value around 7% b.s.

In this study, we aimed to assess the chemical attributes of a soil fertilized with organic matter, in an agroforestry system. The experiment was carried out at the Miguel Arraes agricultural experiment station of the National Semiarid Institute (INSA), located in Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. Experimental design consisted of a randomized block with four replications. We applied four treatments of organic fertilization: (HS) Humic Substances; (SW) Seaweeds; (B) Bokashi; and (C) control treatment, without fertilization. Soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm depth, placed in plastic bags and taken to laboratory for the following chemical analysis: pH, potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), soil organic matter (SOM), sum of bases (SB), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (V%) and Soil Quality Index (SQI). Organic fertilizers applied to the soil did not affected pH, P, K+, Na+, Al3+ and CEC. Humic substances treatment increased the availability of Mg2+, while seaweeds treatment increased the Ca2+, SB, V% and SOM levels.Atributos químicos do solo em sistema agroflorestal de gliricídia consorciado com palma forrageiraResumo: Objetivou-se avaliar os atributos químicos de um solo adubado com matéria orgânica, em um sistema agroflorestal. Para isso foi conduzido um experimento na Estação Experimental da Fazenda Miguel Arraes, situada na área sede do Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), Unidade de Pesquisa do Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (MCTI), localizada no município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos aplicados foram quatro tipos de adubação orgânica: (SH) Substancia Húmicas; (AM) Algas Marinhas; (B) Bokashi; e (T) tratamentos controle, sem adubação. As amostras foram coletadas na profundidade de 0-20 cm, acondicionadas em sacolas plásticas e levadas ao Laboratório de Análise de Solos, Água e Plantas (LASAP) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB) campus Sousa para análises químicas [pH, potássio (K+), sódio (Na+), fósforo (P), cálcio (Ca2+), magnésio (Mg2+), matéria orgânica do solo (MOS)], soma de bases (SB), capacidade de troca de cátions (CTC), saturação por bases (V%) e Índice de Qualidade do Solo (IQS). Os adubos orgânicos aplicados no solo não influenciaram no pH, fósforo (P), potássio (K+), sódio (Na+), alumínio (Al3+) e CTC. As SH promoveram o aumento na disponibilidade de magnésio (Mg2+) e as AM causaram incremento nos teores de Ca2+, SB, V% e MOS.

Objetivou-se realizar um levantamento etnobotânico no Projeto de Assentamento Tabuleiro Grande, localizado em Apodi, Rio Grande do Norte, contribuindo para o resgate do conhecimento popular discutindo as implicações do uso da vegetação arbórea na conservação dos recursos florestais. A condução do estudo foi por meio da observação direta e entrevistas semiestruturadas (21 entrevistas). Para análise dos dados foram feitas abordagens qualitativas (acesso a informações subjetivas) e quantitativas (Valor de Uso; índices de diversidade de Shannon e de equabilidade de Pielou). Foram mencionadas no levantamento 57 espécies arbóreas, entre nativas e exóticas, distribuídas em 26 famílias e enquadradas nas seguintes categorias de uso: Madeira (móveis e construção), Medicina/Higiene, Apicultura, Lenha, Veterinária Popular, Forragem, Alimentação Humana e Outros. Com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a comunidade estudada possui conhecimento sobre um grande número de espécies arbóreas. No entanto, no que diz respeito a “uso”, poucas espécies são, de fato, utilizadas. De forma geral, o conhecimento popular na comunidade está mantido com uma pequena parcela dos entrevistados e não é repassado, tendendo a tornar-se cada vez mais escasso.Ethnobotanical survey of tree species in the Tabuleiro Grande settlement, Apodi, Rio Grande do NorteAbstract: The aim this study was to realize ethnobotanical survey in Settlement Tabuleiro Grande Project, located in Apodi - RN, to contribute to the rescue of popular knowledge and discuss the implications of the use of trees in the conservation of forest resources. The conduct of the study was through direct observation and semi-structured interviews (21 interviews). Data analysis were made qualitative approaches (access to subjective information) and quantitative (use value -VU, Shannon diversity and Pielou evenness indexes). Were mentioned in the survey 57 tree species native and exotic, distributed in 26 families and classified in the following categories of use: wood (furniture and construction), Medicine / hygiene, Beekeeping, Firewood, Popular Veterinary, Fodder, Food and Others. With the results, it is concluded that the studied community has knowledge of a large number of tree species. However, with regard to "use", few are actually used. In general, the popular knowledge in the community is maintained with a small portion of respondents and is not passed, tending to become increasingly scarce.

The correct identification of species and genus of nematodes that affect a particular culture is of great importance to form a quantity of information that will be useful to laboratories for diagnosis and control of these pathogens. Because of the increase in the production of ornamental and medicinal plants in the of Cear. á State, the agricultural importance of the genus Meloidogyne and the scarcity of information on the hospitability this pathogen in these species, in that it was to evaluate the susceptibility testing of 30 species, and 20 ornamental (Antirrhimum majus, Gazania ringens, Carthamus tinctorius, Bryophyllum cayicinum, Ceasalpinia pulcherrima, Thumbergia alata, Petunia hibryda, Exacum affine, Catharanthus roseus, Opuntia sp., Sansevieria trifasciata, Asparagus densiflorus, Hibiscus mutabilis-roreus, Impatiens balsamiana, Celosia spicata, Antirrhimum sp., Dianthus chinensis, Zinnia elegans, Tagetes patula, Capsicum annuum) and 10 medicinal (Peumus boldus, Ocimum gratissimum, Mentha arvensis var. piperascens, Mentha x Vilosa, Plectranthus amboinicus, Ocimum bassilicum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Cymbopogon citratus, Lippia alba, Cymbopogon winterianus. The test was conducted in a greenhouse, of the Phytosanitary Sector, Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Ceará. The inoculation was conducted with 4,000 eggs/J2 for pot. Evaluation of the plants gave to 60 days after inoculation. Evaluated is the reaction of the plants, measuring up: number of galls and eggs, egg mass index, reproduction factor and reduce the reproduction factor. From these variables it was classified the reaction of plants to the nematode by means of five criterions. Of ownership of the results, it was verified that of the ornamental plants only species T. patula didn’t presented galls in your root system. Concerning medicinal species M. vilosa, C. citrates, L. alba, C. winterianus and P. boldus showed no galls in their root systems. Thus, concluded that the ornamental plants can contribute to the introduction of the knot nematode in areas on a presence, except T. patula. Concerning medical, it was observed behavior distinct, with five species non-host and the other medium capable, few galls, or females isolated from their roots.

In the production phase of tomato seedlings, the use of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract can become an organic viable alternative in agriculture, as an alternative biofertilizer, stimulating through its compounds the vegetative growth of the cultures that receive effect of its application. Thus, the present research aimed to verify the growth and development of IPA 6 tomato seedlings under the effect of Ascophyllum nodosum extract. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Agricultural Science Center of the Federal Rural Semi-Arid University, Mossoró campus, Rio Grande do Norte, from June to July 2015. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mL L-1) of doses of foliar fertilizer based on seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, with four replications and each plot represented by 12 plants of the IPA 6 tomato variety. The research evaluated the following characteristics: leaf number, seedling height, root length, stem diameter, total dry matter and seedling height/stem diameter ratio. Except for seedling height/stem diameter ratio, all evaluated characteristics obtained the highest results at the dose of 0.9 mL L-1 applied every 7 days. Thus, we can conclude that this dose provides a better quality of tomato seedlings, being the dose recommended for utilization.