Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El artículo pretende introducir una disyunción epistémica, política y metódica al interior de la noción de devastación, haciendo una bifurcación del término más allá de su carácter puramente referencial y constatativo. Dilucidaremos cómo el concepto permite operar un desplazamiento hacia afuera de las condiciones estructurantes que determinan a la razón como facultad centralizadora y determinante del vínculo entre lo humano y lo no humano. Lo anterior, fuerza un ejercicio vinculado a un pensar en el presente a la luz de una cosmovisión que obliga a reconocer el entrelazamiento del pensamiento con las condiciones materiales de las que, en definitiva, este depende.

El artículo analiza las estrategias de desarrollo del capital político de los estudiantes de la Pontifica Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), reflexionando sobre la construcción de redes, los procesos de aprendizaje político y las estrategias de socialización de estudiantes que forman parte de Federación de Estudiantes de la PUC. A través de un abordaje cualitativo –que combina el análisis de redes y el enfoque biográfico– se analizan trayectorias de diez líderes estudiantiles en este espacio universitario de élite. Los resultados muestran que los procesos de socialización política son paulatinos y escalonados, y que las redes de socialización política marcan los recursos disponibles para competir, aunque estas están diferenciadas por la orientación política (izquierda-derecha) de los entrevistados. Además, se muestra que el proceso de socialización política implica la incorporación de disposiciones ideológicas y prácticas, relacionadas con aspectos operativos y dirigenciales del quehacer político y que la PUC se estructura como un laboratorio de la política nacional.

Place is the receptacle that condenses meaning and the person who grants it is the human being. Architectural works that contain contemporary art, by the very definition of this art, have an added difficulty in becoming a place. The objective of this article is to present a tool to analyze the relationship between the visitor and the architectural work that contains contemporary art, which allows to clarify this link and reflect on its ‘placeness’. To build this tool, a multidisciplinary and multi-methodological strategy is deployed. It is a multiple case analysis, which implements an in-depth comparison of five cases of emblematic architectural works containing contemporary art in Santiago de Chile. The notion of place is divided into four qualities: identity, limit, totality and meaning. Each of them is operationalized in a corresponding dimension: historical-institutional, urban, architectural and sociocultural. The data analysis is constructed of a matrix that allows the dimensions to intersect with the case studies. As a result, a tool is presented for the analysis of the link between the visitor and the architectural work that contains contemporary art.

The representation of the three continents of classical cosmography (Europe, Asia and Africa) was common since ancient times. The expansion of the world to a fourth continent such as America, at a time of rebounding in allegorical themes, produced the demand for the allegory of this new territory with its own characteristics. This article studies the historical visuality of the American continent and the construction of symbolic frames through a qualitative study based on the framing created by allegorical iconographic elements that circulated in Europe. The analyzed corpus of xylographic and intaglio prints is located between the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th. They all have in common the fact that America has been represented as an amazonian-style nude or half-naked indigenous woman, situated in a paradisiacal context of exuberant nature. In these images references and attributes related to aboriginal anthropophagy, fauna and flora, and family iconographic myths and models appear at the time. The research carried out allows to comprehend the value that in the iconic representation have the imaginaries and socially, historically and culturally established criteria of relevance.

The article approaches the parenting experiences of Latin American migrant parents in Santiago de Chile; focusing on the way they perceive and experience the concept of respectful parenting promoted by the ‘Chile Crece Contigo’ System (ChCC, for its acronym in Spanish). Seventeen semi-structured interviews and a discussion group were conducted with migrant families who attend family health centers in the Metropolitan region of Santiago; as well as semi-structured interviews with the professionals of the ‘Chile Crece Contigo’ System. It is noted that the understanding of respectful parenting is usually strained by the vulnerabilities generated by migration, the message transmission, the role of the community and cultural aspects. Finally, it is concluded that the promotion of respectful parenting should consider the cultural relevance and the migrant condition of families, which usually implies the lack of a support network and experiencing situations of vulnerability.

This work analyses two texts published by female Chilean poets at the end of the eighties: Poemas insurrectos (1988) by Heddy Navarro and Género femenino by Teresa Calderón. In line with the importance that collective action of women assumes against the dictatorship, even by participating in groups of armed resistance such as the MIR or the FPMR, these authors create a feminine subjectivity traced by the guerrilla language. Insurrection, barricades, and strikes are reiterative signifiers in their texts, so we wonder what functions that type of enunciation performs. Thus, it is proposed that both poets construct the voice of subversive women to represent the fight for “democracy in the country and in the home” that the feminist movement is raising at that time. These poets defy gender roles decreed by the regime and patriarchal culture, proclaiming the microphysic powers that women possess to emancipate from authoritarian violence.

This article aims to expose the dynamics of urban transformation regarding one of the main street markets in Santiago of Chile, the Persa Biobío in the Franklin neighborhood (Santiago). Applying a historical and ethnographic methodology, we examine the past configuration of this sector, to later delve into its contemporary conformation. Within the current dynamics, culinary practices stand out, since they are one of the main aspects that are shaping the production of space today. The fact that they promote and express a gentrification process in the study area acquires special relevance.

This article comprises an ethnographic analysis of A Very Easy Death, a secondary work by Simone de Beauvoir that narrates the last days of her mother's life, where the body appears as a materiality that escapes the attempt to apprehend it in reasoning. This book is taken as interpretative material of the culture that the author and her mother go through, and is based on the feelings, experiences and links between them to construct the analytical category of the woman's body. Thus, throughout the text, the subcategories of the cultural body, the biological body and the body as mirror are developed to problematize the material dimension of the body, which insists on attempts to reduce it to a cultural text. From a position that assumes the complexity of social reality, the contribution and scope of this work aims to add to the academic reflection on the construction of the body as a complex object of study.

Based on the review of the existing literature the article analyzes the construction of the Chilean-Peruvian border, focusing in the relationship between the constant mobility of people within the localities near the border, and Chilean immigration policies and legislation. Five periods are reviewed: i) 1883-1929, after the War of the Pacific; ii) 1929-1950, with the relative Chilean State absenteeism in the Chilean northern border; iii) 1950-1973, with the Chilean cycle of border industrialization; iv) 1973-1990, when Chile and Peru applied military, strategic and geopolitical criteria in their relationship with these borders; and v) 1990-2019, with the recovery of democracy and the consolidation of the neoliberal model.

This article explores the role played by the legitimacy of liberal institutions (par excellence, the market economy) in Friedrich Hayek’s thought. Hayek pays significant attention to the issue of the market’s normative justification, but his advocacy for a ‘dogmatic’ defense of individual freedom is unable to account for the concrete experiences of individuals operating within the purview of the market, which are necessary for the generation of legitimacy. This paper then presents a possible solution to this problem found in the work of Jeremy Shearmur, but upon evaluation it is not found an appropriate response. Therefore, at least in these two dimensions of Hayekian thought there are significant limitations concerning the political conditions for the success of the liberal project, the acceptance of which on behalf of individuals is therefore argued to possess a structurally fragile character.